Kallima paralecta, leaf-butter- fly, 86
KANT, quoted, 476 Katabolism, a disruption or ex- plosive process, 32 Kea, of New Zealand, 446 Keimplasma. See Germ-plasm Kentish plover, 83, 217 Kepler, Dr. Huggins's dog, 396 Kerguelen Island, wingless in- sects of, 81 Kinesis, 467 Kingfishers, 446
KIRBY and SPENCE, localization
of smell in insects, 258; on hearing in a moth, 267; on instinct of ichneumon fly, 430 Kittens, instinctive antipathy to dog, 396
KLEIN, Mr. S., on Bombyx quer- cus, 258 KUHNE, Messrs. BOLL and, on retinal purple, 276
Labyrinthodont amphibia, pineal eye in, 288 LAMONT, on reindeer, 392 LANE, Dr. Arbuthnot, on in- fluence of certain trades on structure, 169 LANGLEY, Prof., on ætherial vi- brations, 299 Language, 322; the instrument
of analysis, 349; its origin and effects, 374 LANKESTER, Prof. E. Ray, his description of perigenesis, 159; on blind cave-fish, 194 Lapsing of intelligence, 435 LARDEN, W., on the Rhea, 89;
on instinct in a snakelet, 424 Larmarckian school, 209 Larvæ, dimorphism in, 187 Latency, phenomena of, 227 Lateral line of fishes, 252 Leaf-butterfly, 86
LEE, Mr. Arthur, on communi- cation in cat, 345
Life-area, expansion and con- | Mathematical faculty and natural traction of, 114 selection, 484
Limits of vision, 281; of sensa- MAUPAS, M., observations on tion, 299
infusoria, 39 MAYER, on mosquito, 267
LINCECUM, Dr., on habits of McCook, Dr., sense of smell in Texan ants, 425
Linnet, song of, 454 Lion, observation on, 400 Liver-fluke, life-history of, 47 Local signs, 308
Localization, 307; in animals, 338; in medusa, 359
LOCKE, on difference between
man and brute, 349 Logos makes man human, 375 LONBIERE, on instincts of Siam- ese ants, 449 LOTZE, quoted, 379 LUBBOCK, Sir J., "Senses of Animals," 246; sense of smell in ants, 258; auditory organ of ant, 267; on Hicks's organ, 267; on colour-sense in dog, 283; in insects, 291; in Daph- nia, 292; on limits of colour- vision, 296; on antennary structures in hymenoptera, 297; on power of communica- tion in dog, 345; in ants, 358; on colour preferences in bees, 407; on instinct of play and sympathy in ants, 414; on homing faculty in bees, 428; on sitaris, 439 Lucanus cervus, 180
Ludicrous, sense of, in dog,
LUMSDEN, Sir Harry, on part- ridges, 398
LYELL, the necessary precursor of Darwin, 121
MACH, Prof., on Macuta acustica,
Machetes pugnar, 110, 178 MACKENNAL, Mr. Alexander, ob- servation on a cat, 405 MACLAGAN, Miss Nellie, on sym- pathetic action in dog, 398 Madeira, wingless insects of, 81 Male.
See Sex-differentiation Male and female insects, differ- ences between, 179; greater variability in, 237; vigour and vitality of, in secondary sexual characters, 237 MALLE, Dureau de la, on star- ling, 455 Mammals, respiration in, 21; early nutrition of, the result of parental sacrifice, 57; con- vergence in, 117; sense of smell in, 255; hearing in, 263; sight in, 283; perceptions of, 338 Man, elimination by physical circumstances, 81; alternation of good and bad times, 117; reversion in, 229
LEROY, on abstract notion of MANN, Mrs., on sympathetic
danger in fox, 348 Leucocytes, rôle of, 439 LEWES, G. H., 437, 462 LEYDIG, on antennule of cray- fish, 259
Life, duration of, due to natural selection, 186
action of dog, 397; anecdotes of dogs, 406
Mantis, protective and aggres- sive resemblance in, 90 Marsupials of Australia, 117 MARTINEAU, Dr., on wants, 382 Materialism, 464, 471
ants, 258; habits of Texan ants, 425
McCosн, Dr., quoted, 391 Means and ends, 371
Medusa, 46; sense of hearing in, 265; eyes of, 293; localization by, 359
Melanerpeton, 288
MELDOLA, Prof. R., 239 Memory, the revival of past impressions, 304; organic, Butler and Hering on, 62 Mental evolution, 464 MERCIER, Dr. Charles, on the criteria of intelligence, 456 MERRIFIELD, Mr., experiments on moths, 238 Metabolism, 32 Metakinesis, 467 Metamorphosis and transforma- tion, 7 Metaphyta, 15 Metazoa, 15 Methona, 87
MIALL, Prof., Fig. of touch-hair of an insect, 248 Mice, white and grey, crossed,
375; on language and thought, | Oyster-embryo set free early, 56;
NAISH, Mr. John G., on the cockatoo, 354 Natural selection, variation and, 61; two modes, elimination and selection proper, 79; and the effects of use and disuse, 174; not to be used as a magic formula, 184; and instinct, 445; and human thought, 484 Nerves, briefly described, 246; afferent and efferent, 303 Nestor notabilis, 446 Nests of bower-bird and hum- ming-bird, 408; instinctive
building of, 453 NETTLESHIP, Mr., on a lion, 400 Neural processes, environment of, 491
Neurosis and psychosis, 465 Neuter insects, 440 New Zealand sparrow, 445; parrot, 446; chaflinch, 454 NICHOLS, on taste, 251 Noctule, 66
NOIRE, on concepts, 325 Nomada solidaginis, 90 NORRIS, Mr. W. E., quoted, 420 Noumena, or "things in them- selves," 470 Nucleus of animal cell, 10; as controlling formative process in, 124
Nutrition in illustration of the process of life, 25
Object, nature of, 313, 437 Ocelli in insects, 288 Decodoma cephalotes, 213 Onchidium, 293 Optogram, 276
Organic combination, hypothesis, of, 150, 240
Organic evolution, 177; as basis of comparative psychology,
Organic growth, 5
Organism, unity of, as regards body and germ, 161; relation of, to environment, 183 Organization,
co-ordinating power of, 125; of bodily and mental activities, 419 Origin, distinguished from guid- ance, 242 Origin of species, 242 Origin of organic variations, 231; of metakinetic or mental varia- tions, 496 Ornithoptera, 179 Otoliths, 265, 271 OWEN, Sir Richard, suggested germinal continuity, 135
variation of Mediterranean, 164
Pachyrhyncus orbifex, 87 Pagurus prideauxii, 457 Pain, massive and acute, 379; capacities of animals for, 391 Pangenesis, 182 Panmixia and disuse, 189 Papilionida, 202 Paradise, birds of, 202 Paranucleus in protozoa, 39 Paramacium, reproduction in, 39 Parasites, how they feed, 5 Parental sacrifice in birds and mammals, 57; its limits, 186 Parrot, intelligence of, 353 Parthenogenetic forms, second polar cell in, 153; the drone an exception, 153 Parus palustris, 164 PEAL, Mr. S., on use of tools by elephant, 370
PECKHAM, Mr. G. W., on love- antics of a spider, 208, 450 Pecten, 293
Pelagic animals, colours of, 83 PENZOLDT, Dr., on smell, 254 Percept, 325, 326 Perception, 311, 324; in animals,
Perceptual association, 202 Perigenesis of the plastidule, 159 Peripatus, 142 Persistence, law of, 61 Pheasant, hybrids between Am- herst and golden, 106; golden, hen with cock's plumage, 228 Phengodini, 223 Phenomenal nature of object,
Photographic psychology, 320,
Phrynocephalus mystaceus, 90 Physiological isolation, 104 Physiological and psychological
activities, 304; series, 386, 417 PICTON, Mrs. E., on Skye terrier,
Pigeons, correlated variations in, 216; silky fantail prepotent,
Pigs, intestines of, 171; cross- ing of, 226, 230 Pike, teeth of, 437 Pineal gland, 196, 288 Pipistrelle, wing of, 64 Pipits as illustrating divergence,
Pitch, musical, 261 Plasm, 10 Plasmogen, 10 Platyglossus, 83 Play, instinct of, 450 Pleasure and the special senses, 243; massive and acute, 379; capacities of animals for, 391 Plecotus auritus, 68 Plesiosaurus, pineal eye of, 288 PLOSS, Herr, on sex-differentia- tion in man, 59 Plover, Kentish, 83, 217 Polar cells, extrusion of, 51; and variation, 153 Postponement of action, 385 POULTON, Mr. E. B., on colours of animals, 84; on Phrynoce-
phalus mystaceus, 90; caterpillars and chrysalids, 165; dimorphism in larvæ, 187; observations on edibility of caterpillars, 212; Theories of Heredity," qutotation from, 214; on the eating of un- palatable insects, 445 Predominant defined, 349; and language, 374
Preferential mating, a means of segregation, 102; and sexual selection, 197
Preformation and evolution of older writers, 50 Prepotency, 227
Presentations of sense, 318 Previous sire, effect of, 168 Prevision as a criterion of intel- ligence, 457
Principles, mechanical, 368 Process of life, 20 Progress, or continuous adapta- tion, 119; adaptation to more complex circumstances, 183 Pronghorn, curiosity in, 339 Proposition, 329
Protective resemblance and mimicry, 82; general resem- blance, 83; variable resem- blance, 84; special resem- blance, 86; to another organism, 87; coloration, a means of segregation, 101 Protection, fosterage and, 219 Proteus, sensitive to light, 294 Protista, 15 Protohippus, 118 Protophyta, 15 Protoplasm, 10
Protozoa, nature of, 15; trans- mission of acquired faculty in, 147; origin of metazoan varia- tions in, 156; psychology of,
Psithyrus rupestris, 90 Psychological and physiological
activities, 304; series, 386, 417 Psychoses and neuroses, 465 Ptarmigan, on colour of, 165
Rabbit, brain of, 171; Angora crossed, 225; one-eared, 226; deprived of long lip-bairs, 247; papilla foliata of, 250; effects of superabundant food on, 394 RAE, Dr., on dogs swimming rivers, 364; on **abstract reasoning" in the fox, 366; on wild and tame ducklings, 435 Rage and anger, 389 RAMSAY, Dr. Wm., on smell, 255 Rats of Solomon Islands, 100; of the London Docks, 106; at South Kensington, 115 RAYLEIGH, Lord, on colour-blend- ing, 283; on sensitive-flame experiments, 298; Reality, meaning of term, 314 Reason distinguished from intel- ligence, 330, 365; as defined by Mr. Romanes, 372 Recepts, 326, 368 Recognition-marks, 103; învolve perception, 351 Reconstructs and reconstruction (mental), 318
Reflex action, 415; and instinct,
Regeneration of lost parts, 41; in relation to heredity, 124; law of growth concerned in,
Reindeer wounded, 392; change of habit in, 445 Remnants or vestiges, 196 Reproduction, nature of, 13; and development, 36; in the protozoa, 38; in the metazoa, 41; by budding, 42; sexual, 42; peculiar modifications of, 45; developmental, 143 Reproductive cells, continuity
aggressive, 90 Respiration an essential life- process, 3; in illustration of the process of life, 21 Retardation and acceleration, 221 Retina of inan, 274; of birds, 284 Retinal purple, 276 Revenge, 401 Reversion, 191
Revolution and evolution, 119 Rhea, neck resembling snake, 88 Rhinolophus ferri-equinum,
hipposideros, 65 Rhyme-association in parrot, 356 RIBOT, M., on attention, 343 RICHARDSON, Mr. Charles, on railway servants killed by train, 388
RILEY, Prof., on Phengodini, 223 ROMANES, Prof. G. J., on physio- logical isolation, 104; on the cessation of selection, 190; on the failure of heredity, 192; on the reversal of selection, 193; on sense of smell in dog, on colour-sense in chimpanzee, 283; on ideas, 326; on dog cowed by noise, 340; on ab- stract ideas in animals, 348; on parrot, 353; on localization and discrimination, 359; ex- amples of animal intelligence considered, 362; on abstract ideas in the capuchin, 368; definition of reason, 372; on strange attachments in birds. 396; on some emotions in animals, 400; on endurance of pain in dogs and wolves, 402: on sense of humour in dog, 407; on indefinite morality in animals, 413; definition of instinct, 422; on education of ant, 428; on homing faculty of bees, 428; on consciousness and instinct, 432; summary of his conclusions on instinct, 434; on instincts of Siamese ants, 449; his psychological scale, 478; on the world as an eject, 479
Rotation, sense of, 269
Rotifers, absence of fertilization in reproduction, 45
RUSSELL, Mr. W. J., on smell | SOLLAS, Dr. W. J., on regenera- in the dog, 255
Saitis pulex, 450 Salinity of water, effects of, on brine-shrimp, 161 Salmon, new variety of, in Tas- mania, 99
Saturnia, modification of, by changed food, 163; carpini (emperor moth), 258 Savages, fetishistic belief in, 494 SCHAUB, Mr., observations on a terrier, 405 SCHMANKEWITSCH on Artemia,
SCLATER, Mr. W. L., on mimicry in an insect, 88 SEDGWICK, Mr. Adam, on de- velopment of peripatus, 142 SEEBOHM, Mr. H., on birds' eggs,
Selection, as compared with eli-
mination, 79; illustrated, 92; artificial, 172; cessation of, 190; reversal of, 193; sexual, or preferential mating, 197, 452; as a factor in the origin of instinct, 447; as applied to the intellectual faculties, 498 Selenia, illunaria, and illus- traria, 238 Self, the, or ego, 475 Self-consciousness, 460 Semicircular canals, 262, 269 Senility, introduction of, 184 Sensation defined, 305, 324 Sense-feelings of animals, 393 Senses of animals, 243; organic and muscular, 244; touch, 245; temperature-sense, 249; taste, 250; smell, 253; hearing, 261; sight, 272; contact and telcos- thetic, 249; problematical, 297 Sensibility, 385; variations of,
SHIPP, Captain, experiment on an elephant, 401 Sight, sense of, 272 Sitaris, instinct of, 438 SKERTCHLEY, Mr. S. B. J., on leaf-butterfly, 86 Slave-making ants, 425 Smell, sense of, 253 Smerinthus ocellatus, 165 SMITH, Mr. G. Munro, on elimi- nation among microbes, 80
Rocx, on extirpation of cleavage-Snail, variations in banding of cell of frog's egg, 214 ROWELL, G. A., on "Beneficent Distribution of Pain," 392 Ruffs, variability of males, 110,
shells, 75; sense of smell in, 260; auditory sac, 265; eye of, 292; spicule amoris of, 450 Snakes, mimicry in, 88 Snipe, drumming of, 448
tion of tentacle in snail, 127 Somatic, or body-cells, 193 SOMMERING, Fig. of semicircular canals, 270
SPALANZANI, his experiments on bats, 248
SPALDING, Douglas, on instinc- tive emotions, 395; on perfect instincts of chicken, 424; on deferred instinct in swallow,
Sparrows in New Zealand, 445 Specific characters, utility of, 110; constancy of, 111 SPENCER, Mr. Baldwin, Fig. of pineal eye, 288 SPENCER, Mr. Herbert, law asso- ciated with his name, 37; phy- siological units, 125, 153; on lap-dogs, 195; on the Irish elk and giraffe, 212; on diminution in ear-muscles, 215; definition of pleasure and pain. 381; on æsthetics, 412; on instinct and reflex action, 422 Sperm-cell and egg-cell, 13; con- ditions which determine pro- duction of, 60
Sphex, instinct of, 429, 456 Spiders, hunting, mimicry in, 89; Javan, Mr. H. O. Forbes on, 90; love-antics of, 208, 450; ocelli of, 289
SPINOZA, quoted, 61, 379, 460 Sponges, reproduction of, 41, 42 Spongilla, reproduction of, 46 Spore-formation, reproduction by,
Squirrel of Sarepta, 113 Stag-beetles, variation in males of, 180
Star-fish, embryo set free early, 56 Starling, modified song of, 455 ST. JOHN, observations on a re- triever, 400 Stenorhynchus, 457
Sterility, how developed, 108 STEWART, Mr. Duncan, on sym- pathy in cat, 398 Stimuli, 302
STRANGE, Mr., on love-antics of satin bower-bird, 450 Striped ancestor of Equidæ, 230 Struggle for existence, 79; varia- tlons in the intensity of, 112 STURGE, Miss Mildred, on the parrot, 355 Stylonichia, observations of M.
Maupas on, 39 SULLY, Mr. James, on concepts,
325; on propositions, 329; on judgment and reason, 330; on emotion, 390; on æsthetic sense of beauty, 411 SUTTON, Mr. Bland, on hen phea- sant like the male, 228; on the action of leucocytes, 439 Swallow and swift, convergence in, 117; cliff, of United States,
SWAYNE, Mr. S. H., on the ele- phant, 369
Symbolic nature of mental pro- ducts, 314
SYMONDS, Mr. J. A., on "world- consciousness, 478 Sympathy in animals, 397
THOMAS, Mr. Oldfield, on rats of Solomon Islands, 100
THOMSON, Mr. J. A., Prof. Patrick GEDDES, and, on anabolism and katabolism, 44; quoted, 50, 137, 237; his "History and Theory of Heredity," 35 Thought, 482
Thrush, hearing in, 264; sym- pathy in, 398
THUNBERG on young hippopo- tamus, 423
Tissues of the body, 20 TOOKE, Mr. Hammond, on egg- eating snake, 88 Tools, use of, by animals, 370 Touch, sense of, 245 Transformation and metamor- phosis, 7
Transparency of some marine organisms, 83
TREAT, Mrs., her experiments on caterpillars, 59 Tricks, 355
volves perception, 351 WARREN, Mr. Robert Hall, a dog anecdote, 344 Wasp, use of antennæ, 291 Waste and repair essential life- processes, 8 Water, changes of salinity in, 164
Water-ouzel, 446 WATERTON, Charles, 256 WATSON, "Reasoning Power of Animals," 369 WEBB, Dr., his operation on an elephant, 369 WEBER, on musical discrimina-
tion, 309; on muscular sensa- tion in eye, 310
area, 113; effect of good times | Warning-coloration, 82; in- and hard times on, 114; here- dity and the origin of, 122; a source of, in use and disuse, 146; sexual union, a mode of origin of, 149; in definite direc- tions, 151; produced by ex- trusion of second polar cell, 153; protozoan origin of, 156; due to the action of environ- ment, 163; to the effects of use and disuse, 168; to do- mestication, 171; in male stag-beetles, 180; in mating preferences, 205; co-ordinated in Irish "elk" and giraffe, 212; nature of, 216; in amount of developmental capital, 221; inheritance of, 223; origin of, 231; limitations of, 232; for- tuitous, in bat's wing, 235; definite direction of, 238; in limits of colour-vision, 281; in habits and instincts, 445, 456; in mental evolution, 496 Vertebrata, diagrammatic ac- count of development of, 51 VERWORN, Dr., on protozoa, 440 Vespertilio mystacinus, 70 Vesperugo leisleri, 65 Vesperugo noctula, 67 Vesperugo pipistrellus, 69 Vigour and vitality, application of, in male, 237; in female, 238 Vindictiveness, 401 Vision, 272; mosaic, 291 Volition, 459
Volucella bombylans, 90 Voluntary and involuntary ac- tivities, 416 Vorticella, 38
WEIR, Mr. Jenner, on nest- building in birds, 453 WEISMANN, Dr., on continuity of germ-plasm, 138; on cis- tinctness of germ-plasm from body-plasm, 140; on meaning of second polar cell, 153; on protozoan origin of variations, 156; on the introduction of senility and death, 184; on the distinction of birds' eggs, 189; on the effects of pan- mixia, 190; on acceleration, 222; his views applied to instinct, 438; the intellectual faculties, 497
WESTLAKE, Miss Mabel, on the parrot, 353 Whiskered bat, 70 White, in arctic forms, 165; Mr.
Poulton on production of, 202; in grouse, instance of rever- sion, 229
Wildness of birds, instinctive, 435
WILL, F., on taste in bees, 253 WILSON, Sir Charles W., on wounded camels, 392 WILSON, Edward, measurements of bats, 63 Wing-bones of bats, measure- ment of, in illustration of variation, 63 Words, " understanding" of, by animals, 347 Wrasse, keeness of vision of, 287
WAFLCHLI, Dr., on colour-glo- bules in birds, 284 WALLACE, Mr. A. R, tabula- tions of variations, 63; on tortoiseshell butterfly of Isle of Man, 81; on protective colours in fishes, 83; on diver- gence among birds, 97; on recognition-marks, 102; on papilionida of Celebes; 165; on the dull colours of hen birds, 199; on origin of secondary sexual characters, Xiphocera, 179 200; and A. Tylor on physio- logical guidance, 201; on pre- ferential mating, 203; on reversion in grouse, 229; on migration in birds, 428; on nest-building in birds, 453; on the song of birds, 455; on materialism, 464; on mathe- matical and artistic faculties, 484, 497
WALKER, R., on reversion in bull, 229
WARD, Mr. J. Clifton, on dog,
YOUATT" On Sheep," 455 YOUNG, Thomas, his colour- vision theory, 277 YUNG, his experiments on tad- poles, 59
Zebra, inconspicuousness of, in dusk, 84 Zuyder Zee, new variety of herrings in, 99
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