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CITIES BURIED BY VOLCANOES.

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To conclude, Mr. Evering's affairs mountain are not only rich fields of were again put in train. He resumed grapes and other vegetables but houses his business, and a few years restored and even villages.

him to his former situation.

This sad but salutary lesson produced a lasting effect on Rosamond, and from that time she kept so strict a watch over her ruling passion, that she succeeded in entirely eradicating it. She grew up a discreet and amiable girl, and no one who knew her in after years could have believed that till the age of fourteen she had been an incorrigible telltale.

CITIES BURIED BY VOLCANOES.

MOST of you have doubtless heard of Mount Vesuvius, a volcano near the city of Naples; and perhaps some of you have heard how whole cities and towns have been buried up by it. But others, in all probability, scarcely know any thing about it, except that there is such a place somewhere in the world. To such of my readers as the last mentioned, what I have to say will, I think, be both interesting and instructive.

Mount Vesuvius rises from the middle of a plain about a mile and a quarter from the city of Naples. Its shape is that of a pyramid, or rather a sugarloaf. Its height is 3,680 feet; or about two thirds of a mile. Its summit is a little plain, in the midst of which the crater or mouth is seen perpetually smoking.

Its sides are mostly barren; but in some places vines and fruits are seen; and around the base or bottom of the

These houses and villages are often destroyed; and many, sometimes all, of the inhabitants buried in the ruins. The destruction is effected in two ways. One is by means of the rivers of lava (melted stones and metal) which issue from the crater and pour down their sides; and the other by means of stones and cinders which being thrown up into the air, fall in thick showers and overwhelm every thing beneath them.

Vesuvius has been known as a volcano nearly 1800 years; and it has frequently boiled over ever since. Since the year 1800, these eruptions have happened almost every year. The shower of ashes during the eruption of 1822 was so great as to make it dark in the day time at Naples; and they were sprinkled over the earth 100 miles distant. A river of lava at the same time poured down its side, and ran along about a mile.

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CITIES BURIED BY VOLCANOES.

which is attended with less risk. Sev- cities near the foot of it,-Herculaneum

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show you how Pompeii and Herculane- the line nearest to it shows where the um were situated at the time when they sea-coast was at the time I have men were overwhelmed. The dotted line is tioned. Mount Vesuvius, you will see, to show just how far the sea now comes; extended almost to the sea, and Pompeii

CITIES BURIED BY VOLCANOES.

and Herculaneum lay close to the very shore. The other lines in the map, are meant to represent roads leading to other cities and villages; one of which, Stabyæ, was also overwhelmed at the same time with Herculaneum and Pompeii.

Herculaneum was quite a large city. Pompeii was smaller. Both, however, were places of considerable note, and had strong walls and many statues, fountains, baths, temples, theatres, and other public buildings.

The ruins of Herculaneum were first discovered in 1738, or about 100 years ago-in digging a well. The first thing they found was the remains of a theatre. But the carelessness of the workmen, and the fact that the city was covered to so great an extent with the more solid lava prevented their recovering many things in an entire state.

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covered with ashes, stones and cinders, it was not found very difficult to come at things in an entire state.

Here they discovered, first, the ruins of an amphitheatre. Proceeding in their work, the remains were more and more striking. In a cellar near a door, they found no less than 27 female skeletons, with ornaments for the neck and arms lying around. Near the lower door of a villa were also found two skeletons, one of which held in the hand a key, and in the other some coins and other things: and near them were some bronze and silver vessels. It is supposed that they were a master and his slave, and that they were suffocated under the mass of ashes. Most of the inhabitants however, as it is supposed, escaped.

Twenty streets fifteen feet wide, with footways three feet broad were found, and six gates; besides many houses In 1750 Stabyæ and Pompeii were The houses are joined together; and explored. As Pompeii had only been have in general only two stories, with

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HONOR AMONG SAVAGES.

terraces for roofs. In some of the houses the rooms have been found very richly ornamented. The fronts are often shops or stores; in the centre of each is a court, which often contains a marble fountain; and the principal rooms are in the back part.

It is thought that the town was about three quarters of a mile long and half a mile wide; but only about one third of it has as yet been uncovered The walls are from eighteen to twenty feet high and twelve thick. One gate way was found, quite entire, of which the cut on the preceding page is a pretty accurate representation.

If you ask how wooden articles could have been preserved so long, the answer is, they were many of them reduced to charcoal, and you know how durable that is. But they were also removed from light, air, &c.; and this preserved them. Some manuscripts partly reduced to charcoal were even discovered; and a few of them are in such a state that they can be read by learned men. One whole library was found. They have also found many articles of furniture, some works of art, and even food and clothes.

A LESSON IN LATIN. Nemus and silva, I've long understood, Both are in Latin the names for a wood. Olor and cygnus are Latin for swan; Lately I saw one glide gracefully on : Smooth was the stream that he rested upon,

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I HAVE Copied the following anecdote from an old paper, which may perhaps amuse some of your young readers, if you choose to publish it. N. I. Allens Hill, Ont. Cy., N. Y

"When General Scott arrived at the American encampment, in the north west, he found three Indian prisoners, under a charge of murdering the whites. But the President had gone to the Hermitage; and the Secretary of War, to Detroit. No answer was of course obtained. In the meantime, the cholera broke out among the American troops, in the camp on Rock River. Many became victims. One of the three prisoners also took it, and died. The General seeing the danger they were exposed to, determined on letting the two survivors out of confinement; and told them if they would confine themselves to the island in the river, he would permit them to go there. Their word being pledged, he directed them to go to the extreme part of the island where they might keep somewhat out of the way of our troops. They accordingly repaired to the quarter where he had directed them to go, but they never once left the island, although they might easily have made their escape.

"Meantime the cholera spread, and the danger thickened. The General told

White was his plumage on which the sun them, that he would permit them to go

shone.

to their tribe, upon condition that they

MR. ELIOT AND THE INDIANS.

would return to camp as soon as he gave them notice that the cholera was gone. They assented to the terms, and went home. The men were under charge of murder, and might lose their lives if they were put upon trial. But, notwithstanding this circumstance, the moment General Scott had determined to hold his great council with the Indians, he informed the two prisoners that they must come in, and they did not hesitate to do so. They repaired among the first Indians to the American encampment. The reader will be pleased to hear that they were ultimately acquitted."

THE KINGFISHER

BY MARY HOWITT.

FOR the bonny kingfisher go not to the tree,
No bird of the field or the forest is he;
In the dry riven rock he did never abide,
And not on the brown heath all barren and
wide :

He lives where the fresh sparkling waters are flowing,

Where the tall heavy typha and loosestrife

are growing;

By the bright little streams that all joyfully run Awhile in the shadow and then in the sun;

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sheen

Of the hot summer sun, glancing scarlet and green.

MR. ELIOT AND THE INDIANS.

IN Sparks' Life of Eliot the Indian Apostle, as he was often called, we find the following curious statement in regard to his efforts a few miles west of Boston.

Mr. Eliot's care for the Indians was not confined to religious teaching. He aimed to soften, and gradually to abolish their savage mode of life, by bringing them together under some social arrangement.

The natives had received a grant of land for a settlement. They next wished to find a name for it. Their English friends advised them to call it Noonatomen or Nonantum, which name was accordingly adopted.

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