3d. That, however advantageous to England, such conquests were not made at the expense of humanity; on the contrary, the arms of the Company were ever turned against despotism, and employed for the relief of the feeble, the indigent, and the oppressed.

4th. That to the combined efforts of the East-India Company's capital, skill, and patriotism, England is indebted for the vast commerce which she now enjoys with India and China.*

5th. That since the Legislature in 1814 authorized an open trade with India, no pains have been spared by the East-India Company to extend the commerce between both countries.

6th. That the declining export trade from India to England, has been caused by Parliament retaining prohibitory duties on the raw and manufactured produce of the former country, with one exception (indigo).

7th. That by examining the quantity as well as the value of the trade between England and India, it will be seen (allowing for fortuitous and propitious events, which arose in 1815) no actual increase of commerce has taken place.

8th. That the great sale of cotton goods in the East has been caused by annihilating the trade of many thousand Hindoos, and not in consequence of any unforeseen markets having been created.

9th. That the Hindoos justly complain, that while the ports of their country are open open for many articles of English produce, duty free, the remainder being subject to a very slight import tax, the markets of Great Britain are virtually closed against their staples, (sugar, coffee,

Vide the summing up chapter of "the Past and Present State of the Tea Trade of England, and of the Continents of Europe and America."

rum, &c.) and the means of repairing the injury done to the native manufacturers denied them.

10th. That for England to demand the right of supplying the Hindoos with Liverpool salt, would (independent of its violation of native prejudices) be the means of throwing one million of Hindoos out of employment, and necessitate the Bengal and Madras governments to obtain a revenue on some other articles equal to that now lightly and uninquisitorially collected.

11th. That the assertions put forth respecting the condition of Molunghees, or salt manufacturers are untrue.

12th. That with reference to 'Colonization,' the natives of India are averse to it; that the object of the Company in prohibiting the purchase of land by Europeans in India, or their indiscriminate resort thereto, has not been from any selfish considerations, but with a view to preserve their subjects in the undisputed possession of their landed property, and to prevent a violation of their prejudices or feelings.

13th. That the landed revenue of Hindostan is neither so oppressive in its nature nor so exorbitant in amount as has been frequently stated; that its reduction is impracticable, and its substitution for an excise, income, or housetax, impossible, and that the revenue and debt of India is, in proportion to the population, less than that of any state in Europe or America.

14th. That the Company's Government have done every thing in reason to extend the blessings of a well conducted press, to enlighten the people entrusted to their care, and to check inhuman or immoral practices.

15th. That free political institutes, however advantageous to a country, are not the sole means of improving it.

16th. That in admitting the natives of India to high appointments of trust, the Governments have unavoidably been compelled by reason of the varied nature of the population, their personal antipathies, peculiar manners, and especially in consequence of the demoralizing effects of centuries of despotism, to be cautious in reducing an acknowledged principle to practice.

17th. That in the execution of civil law, the customs, religious rites, and cherished institutions of the natives have been sedulously maintained; that justice has been purely, cheaply, and, as readily as peculiar circumstances would admit, expeditiously administered.

18th. That the criminal laws of India are wisely adapted to the end in view, by being humane in punishment, but speedy and certain in execution; their efficiency and that of the police being tested by the extraordinary diminution of crime which statistical tables exhibit.

19th. That official documents and unimpeachable testimony demonstrate the improved and improving condition of the Hindoos.

20th. That the home government of India is a triple power, wisely balanced and judiciously conducted, without vesting dangerous authority in the crown, while the patronage thereof is disposed of with safety and advantage to the state.

21st. That the foreign Government, while enjoying a wide exercise of power, is subjected to well regulated checks from the constituted authorities at home, who exercise a vigilant control over all its proceedings.

22d. That the Indian army, although not larger than is required for the maintenance of order within, and the defence of aggression from without, is too great to be amalgamated with his Majesty's army (independent of

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almost insuperable obstacles) without threatening the breaking up of the social liberties of Englishmen.

23d. That, reasoning from analogy and past history, a subversion of the mode by which the Anglo-Eastern empire is at present ruled, would destroy the well poised balance now existing between the British crown and its subjects, an inclination to either side being fatal to the existing constitution of the country; and

May that Supreme Being, whose mercy is as boundless as his wisdom is infinite, in whose will is the destiny of of kingdoms,—and who has seen fit in his Omnipotence to make a small Island in the Atlantic, mistress of one of the richest empires on earth,-may He in so momentous a crisis direct the councils of this nation, and bestow on them that knowledge, without which the strength of man is as a reed,—his words as the passing wind,—his decrees as tinkling cymbal or sounding brass!

THE END

LONDON:

Printed by J. L. COX and SON, Great Queen Street,

Lincoln's-Inn Fields.