made large, for deposing any quantity of every kind of artificial or wellrotted farm-yard manure.

"With the addition of another barrel, these drills may be used for depositing peas and beans at 12 inches or wider apart.'

"Garrett's patent Lever Ridge-Drill for Turnips or Mangoldwurzel, with Manure.-This drill is made of two coulters, and is intended for ridge-ploughed lands, having the same improvements and advantages in the manure department as the Drill for general purposes, with the improved slides to regulate the quantity of manure placed directly under the management of the attendant who follows the drill, and may be altered while the implement is proceeding in its work, admitting larger or smaller quantities, as may be required on hilly lands or various qualities of soil.

In order to accommodate the drill to irregular ploughed ridges, a pair of rollers are attached to a fore-carriage, so as to form and press the land properly for the deposit of the manure and seed; and what has hitherto been found a difficulty in keeping the depositing coulters on the tops of the ridges is remedied in this, by the levers being easily steered by a parallel movement, so that the seed-coulter advances in the exact line of the manure-coulter.

"The rakes add greatly to the effective working of the drill, those foremost filling up the channel left by the large manure-coulters, and thus permitting the seed-coulter to make its work in fresh-stirred mould directly above the manure, and the latter rakes will sufficiently cover the seed, leaving a slight dip for retaining the smallest quantity of moisture."

"Garrett's patent Kentish Drilling-machine.-This drill is for the general purposes of a farm, and is peculiarly adapted for lands that are ploughed flat, so that the travelling wheels are not required

to go in deep furrows. It has one barrel for delivering wheat, barley, oats, beaus, peas, or carrots, and another for turnip and mangoldwurzel seeds. When the manure machinery is not wanted, it may be all removed, and leave the drill simply for corn or seeds. The travelling wheels are only 48 inches high, so that the top of the manure-box is barely 4 feet from the ground, and the corn-box, when working without the manure, is only 3 feet high above the ground, and the depositors or coulters are so arranged that those on the outside are only half the distance from the wheels that one coulter is from the other, so that the original wheel-mark is the guide for the return wheel to travel in, and the rows are all thus made regular distances apart, and parallel with each other.

"The manure coulters and depositors are hung on separate levers, working perfectly independent of those for corn and seeds, and those for seeds still following in the same track as those with manure, and are pressed into the ground by separate sets of weights, from which arrangements there is no difficulty in depositing both seeds and manure regularly any depth, on any description of lands, however hilly or

uneven.

"Another feature of importance in this drill is the shape of the box and arrangements of the manure machinery, which, instead of being lifted by a barrel, and turned into spouts behind, has an opening made for the easy escape of the manure, at the bottom of the box, and directly underneath the barrel, which may be regulated as the drill travels, ensuring a more ready delivery, with less labour to the horses. All sorts of manure, from the finest rape-dust to the well-rotted farm-yard manure, may be deposited in any quantities."

Garrett's patent Horse Hoe.-This implement is so complete in itself, as to be fully suited to all methods of drill cultivation, whether broad, stetch, or ridge ploughing; and is adapted to hoeing corn or pulse of all sorts, as well as roots. The peculiar advantages of this implement are as follows:

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"It may be increased or diminished in speed, to suit all lands or methods of planting; the axletree being moveable at both ends, either wheels may be expanded or contracted, so as always to be kept between the rows of plants.

"The shafts are readily altered, and put to any part of the frame, so that the horses may either walk in the furrow or in any direction, to avoid injury to the crop.

"Each hoe works on a lever independent of the others, so that no part of the surface to be cut, however uneven, can escape; and in order to accommodate this implement for the consolidated earth of the wheat crop, and also the more loosened top of spring corn, roots, &c., the hoes are pressed into the land by different weights being hung upon the ends of each lever, and adjusted by keys and chains to prevent them going beyond the proper depth. What has hitherto been an insuperable objection to the general use of the Horse Hoe is overruled in this, by the novel and easy method of steering, so that the hoes may be guided with the handle behind to the greatest nicety, doing every execution among the weeds without injury to the crop.

"It is so constructed that the hoes may be set to any width, from 7 inches to any wider space. For the purpose of hoeing all kinds of corn the inverted hoes only are preferred; but for the root crops, where the rows of plants are wider (say 16 inches, or more), an extra hoe of a semicircular form is placed on a separate lever, working between and in advance of the two inverted hoes, for the more effectually cutting all the land, however uneven the surface, by two or three separate hoes working independently of each other between the

rows.

"The hoes are of a peculiar improved manufacture, the blades are made of steel, and attached separately to a socket stalk in a simple and easy, yet effectual manner, so that any husbandman may replace them, and being manufactured by the patentees at an exceedingly low price, no difficulty can arise in replacing those parts subject to wear, and thereby keep the implement in good working order.

In order to set the hoes in a proper cutting position, for either flat or stetch-ploughed lands, and so as thoroughly to cut either hard or soft ground, the levers may be put into a more or less oblique position, causing the cutting edges of the hoes to be more or less inclining downwards, by raising or lowering the jointed irons to which the forward ends of the levers are suspended and swing, which is done by merely moving the pin, which rests upon the frame, into different holes.

"An arrangement is also made whereby the furrows on stetch or ridge land may be hoed; and likewise the rows on flat lands, between which the wheels travel. This is done by having the outside hoe working behind the travelling wheel, which, returning between the same rows, hoes one half of the row in going one way of the field, and the other half in returning. If, however, the two rows where the drills join the work be irregular in distance apart, and in places nearly meet, the hoe may instantly be thrown out of work by means of a spring catch provided for the purpose."

Extracts from the Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England.

The following are the remarks of judges of implements, on R. Garrett and Son's patent Horse Hoe, in their reports of the Royal Agricultural Society's meetings, at Liverpool, in 1841, and Bristol, in 1842.

"Messrs. Garrett and Son's hoe deserves the notice of the agriculturists, as an implement that will greatly tend to give an horticultural finish to field operations. It is adapted to all the prevailing methods of drill culture, either for the cleansing of crops, drilled upon the level surface or on ridges, the axle of the wheels being moveable at both ends, to suit the varied intervals between the rows of plants, and as each hoe works on a separate lever the weeds are effectually destroyed, however uneven the surface of the ground, each hoe being kept at a uniform depth by means of regulating keys. The swing steerage adapted to this implement is a valuable addition to horse hoes, as they may thereby be guided with the greatest precision, perfectly scarifying the intervals without the possibility of injuring the corn or plants."- Vide Royal Agricultural Society's Journal, vol. ii., Appendix, p. 110.

"The excellent implement of Messrs. Garrett and Son, still further im

proved, was again selected for the Society's premium, as eminently calculated to answer the various ends to which it is applicable, as noticed in our last report."-Royal Agricultural Society's Journal, vol. iii. p. 344.

At Derby, in 1843, "The well known horse-hoe of Messrs. Garrett and Son, rewarded both at Liverpool and Bristol, was exhibited with improvements, rendering it still more complete in its fittings and adaptation to follow the drill in the various forms of culture to which the latter implement is applied. The silver medal was awarded for these improvements." -Royal Agricultural Society's Journal, vol. iv. p. 482.

Extract from the writings of Hewitt Daves, Esq., 3, Frederick Place, Old Jewry, London :-" As Garrett's horse-hoe is calculated to work a most important reform as regards the cleaning of land, and as I have practically tested its utility, I may be permitted to bring it under the consideration of your readers. By its use all corn sown in rows, from nine inches upwards, may be hoed in a superior manner, and at an expense of only one shilling per acre. Having at first great doubts of the possibility of any implement drawn by a horse being used in the narrow intervals of cereal plants, I began by buying one. I have now four; and that I may apply it also to my young clovers I have had made a new drill on purpose to put in the clover seed midway between the rows of corn. My practice for many years has been to hand-hoe in the spring all my corn; as well to move and lighten the ground, as to get rid of the weeds. The use of the horse-hoe has the advantage over the hand-hoe, besides saving of expense, that its work is much more perfect; the depth it penetrates is greater, and ten acres a day may be done with a horse, and man and boy. Farmers are far too little alive to the mischief that weeds among their corn do them, still less to the fresh life and vigour that a moving of the earth round a growing plant affords; in this they may with great advantage take lessons from gardeners; and the implements of Messrs. Garrett enable them very effectually, and at little cost, so to improve their practice."

The following is an extract from a letter written by P. Pusey, Esq., M.P., to the Council of the Royal Agricultural Society, on horse-hoeing flat-drilled turnips.-(Vide Royal Agricultural Society's Journal, vol. iv. p. 77.) After writing upon the merits of the hoe, Mr. P. remarks, “ As any mere trials, however, are less satisfactory than the actual work on a farm, I have obtained an account of its working from practical authority, and the following statement of its performance will, I trust, be satisfactory. Several farmers I know regard this horse-hoe as one of the best implements lately invented. On an arable farm of 400 acres, the price, which varies from 197. to 137. 10s., might be saved by its use, I should think, in the first season."