1 Supplement No. 6 to Thirty Years of Lynching, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.

Wayland, Ky.

Beaten to death,
Shot.

Nashville, Tenn..

Charleston, Mo..

CHRONOLOGICAL LIST

March 18, Cordele, Ga.: A mob of from 50 to 75 citizens forcibly took John Hayes, trusty in the Crisp County chain gang, from guards and riddled his body with bullets after stringing him to a tree. The officers were attempting to escape with Hayes into Bibb County, following his arrest on a charge of attempted attack upon a small girl.

April 3, Woodbury, Ga.: Beach Thrash, 15 years old, was taken from jail and lynched by a mob. He was charged with having shot the chief of police who had arrested him on a charge of stealing.

April 21, Orangeburg County, S. C.: Luke Adams, accused of attacking a white woman, was found lynched.

May 26, Fort Myers, Fla.: Bubbers Wilson and Milton Williams met death at the hands of mobs following their identification as the men alleged to have

attacked two white girls. Wilson was taken from the sheriff shortly after being arrested, and Williams was removed from a freight train. Both were riddled with bullets and dragged through the streets.

June 7, Crockett, Tex.: An unnamed man, charged with rape, was shot to death by a mob.

July 20, Scooba, Miss.: Harry Shelton, charged with attempted rape, was taken out of jail, taken out of town, and hanged.

July 21, Lake County, Fla.: Two unnamed men, charged with insulting a white woman, were shot to death by a mob.

August 2, Athens, La.: John Wilson, charged with murdering his wife, was put to death by white persons without coming into the hands of the law.

September 1, Jasper, Fla.: Warren Wood was killed by a posse of citizens and his body burned. He was said to have run amuck while drunk and killed a policeman.

September 20, Jonestown, Miss.: Herbert Taylor, charged with rape, was taken from officers of the law as they were attempting to carry him to jail and was shot to death.

October 8, Chicago, Ill.: William Bell, charged with attempted assault upon two white girls was killed by a mob.

October 27, Wayland, Ky.: A mob battered its way with sledge hammers through the brick wall of the town jail, dragged Fred Shannon from his cell, after locking the jailer in his room, tied him to a tree, and shot him to death. He was accused of having shot to death a white coal miner in an altercation over liquor.

December 16, Nashville, Tenn.: Sam Smith, 15 years old, alleged to have shot and wounded a white grocer on December 8, and himself wounded and lying manacled to a bed in the city hospital, was taken out of the hospital and lynched by a mob. The mob of a dozen men kept attendants at bay, cut telephone wires, and carried Smith to the outskirts of the city where he was strung to a tree and his body riddled with bullets.

December 18, Charleston, Mo.: A mob of over 200 men overpowered the sheriff in his office in order to get possession of Roosevelt Grigsby, 20 years old, who was alleged to have attempted to attack a white girl. He was dragged across the courtyard and hanged to a tree within 50 feet of the sheriff's office. A bullet was fired through the body which was then cut down, tied to an automobile, and dragged through the streets of the Negro section.

Conviction: In January, 1924, Robert J. Lancaster, who with seven other members of Company M, Alabama National Guard, was charged with lynching William Baird, a white miner (on January 13, 1921, at Jasper, Ala.), was found guilty of second-degree murder and sentenced to serve 18 years in the State penitentiary.

Lynching prevented: It has been noted with a great deal of satisfaction that in a number of instances during the year State authorities have given evidence of their desire to prevent mobs from taking the law into their own hands. In many cases of attempted lynching sheriffs have removed their prisoners for safe-keeping and in others the local National Guard unit has been ordered out by the governor.

LYNCHING RECORD FOR 1925

February 17, Cruger, Miss.: Hal Winters and an unidentified negro were taken from Holmes County officers and lynched. Winters was alleged to have shot and killed a plantation manager. He was accompanied by the unidentified man, whose connection with the crime is not clear.

February 26, Benton, La. Joe Airy, alleged slayer of a State highway officer, was lynched by a mob near Benton, after being wounded by a deputy sheriff, who, it is said, fired after Airy had drawn a revolver when surrounded by a posse. The mob then hanged the negro.

March 2, Rocky Ford, Ga.: An unidentified negro, said to have confessed attacking a 14-year-old white girl, was burned at the stake (two and a half miles from Rocky Ford). He was manacled, wood was piled about him, soaked with gasoline, and fired.

March 20, Waverly, Va.: A negro accused of attacking a white woman was taken from the Sussex County jail at Waverly by a mob and lynched.

April 13. Jellico, Ky.: Jim Evans, accused of shooting the chief of police to death, was shot to death by a mob of 200 white citizens. The chief of police had gone to Evans's home to arrest him on a charge of being drunk. April 21, Tylertown, Miss.: Buckley was lynched by a mob, accused of striking a 6-year-old white child. He had been in jail a month, being unable to secure bail. He finally found some one to go his bail, was released, and went to his home. He had not been at home very long before a mob formed, surrounded his home, broke down the doors, took him out, and hanged him.

May 13, Seminole County, Fla.: Jack West was taken from a train and lynched near Longwood, Seminole County. The body, riddled with bullets, was found tied to a tree. West had been arrested charged with housebreaking and assault on a 3-year-old white girl. He was acquitted of the charge.

May 30, Camden, Ark.: An unidentified man was taken from the hands of county officers near Camden and strung to a tree and shot to death by a mob said to number about 100. The man was suspected of having attacked a white woman.

June 18, Castlegate, Utah: Robert Marshall, slayer of City Marshal Milton Burns, was hanged by a mob near Castlegate. On June 15 he shot and fatally wounded Burns, who had some months previously taken a pistol from him.

August 7, Excelsior Springs, Mo.: Walter Mitchell, accused of attacking a white girl, was taken from jail by a mob and hanged.

August 12, Scobey, Miss.: Sidney Towns (insane) said to have killed an aged white man and fatally wounded the man's sister, was taken from the sheriff by a mob of 75 men and his body was riddled with bullets.

September 20, New Albany, Miss.: L. Q. Ivy was taken from officers and burned at the stake by a mob. Ivy was said to have confessed to attacking the daughter of a farmer, 18 miles from New Albany, on September 18. He was returned to the scene of the attack and burned to death.

September 20: Milledegeville, Ga.: Willie Dixon, inmate of the State Insane Asylum, said to have killed a nurse at the asylum, was chained to a tree and beaten to death by a mob. The coroner's jury returned a verdict that the victim met his death at the hands of parties unknown.

November 26, Orlando, Fla.: Arthur Henry, arrested and placed under guard at the Orange General Hospital, was seized by three unknown men and carried off. The men disarmed a policeman who was on guard. Later he was found shot to death. Henry was alleged to have wounded two detectives when they went into the negro section to investigate a shooting affray.

December 15, Montgomery, Ala.: Incensed over an insult by him to a white woman, Grant Cole was shot to death by unidentified parties.

December 19, Clarksdale, Miss.: Lindsay Coleman was lynched a few minutes after a jury in the circuit court had declared him not guilty of the murder of Grover C. Nicholas, manager of a plantation, on October 15. Coleman was one of several negroes arrested after the murder of Nicholas.

December 20, Haines City, Fla.: Odum Dunlap, alleged to have shot and killed Owen Higgins, President of the Haines City Finance Co., was shot and killed after a fight with police and citizens.

Mr. JOHNSON. Now, I think the need for this legislation is unanimously admitted at least, a need for stamping out lynching in the United States. There is first to be considered protection of lives of American citizens. I do not see how a nation can arrive at the point of considering itself powerless to protect its own citizens. There is the necessity for respect for law and order. The crime of lynching can not be and has not been limited to negroes. In fact, of the total of 3,559 persons lynched since 1889, 722 of them were white.

Then there is the question of the preservation of our basic institutions and of orderly processes. There is to be considered the influence of the good name and of the honor of the United States among the nations of the world. It must be appalling to every citizen of the United States to know that we live on the only spot, civilized or uncivilized, on the face of the globe where a human being can be burned alive at the stake with immunity.

I have here a facsimile reproduction of

Senator KING. You do not mean by that statement that there are no statutes within the 48 States of the Union which constitute the unlawful taking of the life of another as murder?

Mr. JOHNSON. Oh, no.

Senator KING. With adequate punishment provided for such an

offense.

Mr. JOHNSON. I do not. What I mean is that immunity is a practical proposition, that it works out in a practical way.

Senator GILLETT. Has anyone ever been convicted of any of these crimes?

Mr. JOHNSON. No, sir. I have here a facsimile reproduction from the Memphis News Scimitar of the issue of Monday afternoon, September 21, 1925. This was reproduced by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, and is submitted to the American people without any comment, for no comment is necessary. (The article here referred to is made a part of the record as follows:)