66 Stop and consider! Life is but a day; A fragile dewdrop on its perilous way From a tree's summit; a poor Indian's sleep While his boat hastens to the monstrous steep Of Montmorenci. Why so sad a moan? Life is the rose's hope while yet unblown, The reading of an ever-changing tale; The light uplifting of a maiden's veil; A pigeon tumbling in clear summer air; A laughing schoolboy without grief or care, Riding the springy branches of an elm. JOHN T. CURRY. A KNIGHTHOOD OF 1603 (10 S. vi. 181, 257, 474). At the last reference the descendants of the knight of 1603 are alluded to as if existing, which apparently is not the case. The only recorded offspring of the said Sir German Pole (d. 1634) was a son and successor, German Pole, Esq., who married, 17 Dec., 1650, Anne Newdigate, as stated, but d.s.p. 1683, having settled his estates upon his cousin and heir male Samuel Pole, Esq., from whom descends the present family of Chandos-Pole of Radbourne. Burke's 'Landed Gentry' shows this, and that the said Samuel Pole (d. 1731) had a daughter Millicent, who married, 1 May, 1711, Francis Newdigate. MR. STAPLETON, perhaps following the account of Newdigate of Arbury in Burke's 'L. G.,' speaks of "Millicent, daughter of German Pole, Esq., of Radbourne, co. Derby," which contradiction is doubtless an error. Francis Newdigate, son of the aforesaid Francis and Millicent, married his first cousin Elizabeth, daughter of Lieut.General Edward Pole (third son of the aforesaid Samuel), and d.s.p.; his wife was not daughter of German Pole, Esq.," as stated by MR. STAPLETON. 66 Though the aforesaid Samuel Pole had a son and successor German Pole (d. 1765), who had an only son German, who d.v.p. unmarried, 1763, and two daughters, Anne and Mary, neither married a Newdigate. German Pole (d. 1765), of Radbourne, Esq., was succeeded by his nephew, Col. Edward Sacheverell Pole, brother to Elizabeth, who had married the younger (aforesaid) Francis Newdigate. R. E. E. CHAMBERS. Pill House, Bishop's Tawton, Barnstaple. DOLE CUPBOARDS (10 S. vi. 429).-The medieval cupboard was literally a cupboard-that, in fact, which we understand to-day by a "sideboard." Sometimes it let down outwardly from a recess in the wall. Of this sort of cupboard there is said to be an example in the cells of the Carthusians at Florence, where a door, when opened, allows it to fall down outside the recess and form a table. (See The Dict. of Archit.,' vol. ii. p. 174; and Parker's'Glossary of Terms.' 1850, p. 156.) use. The dole cupboard was probably more especially an appurtenance of the monastery, since the dole (pain d'aumosne) in secular life was generally confined to the funerals of the rich, who would not consequently need a cupboard in constant At Lambeth thirty poor persons were relieved by an alms called the Dole, which was given three times a week, to ten persons at a time, alternately-each person then receiving upwards of two pounds of beef, a pitcher of broth, a half-quartern loaf, and twopence. Besides this dole, there were always, on the days it was given, at least thirty other pitchers, called "By-pitchers," brought by other neighbouring poor, who partook of the remaining broth, and the broken victuals at that time distributed. And so late at least as 1767 at Queen's College, Oxford, provisions were frequently distributed to the poor, at the door of the hall, under the denomination of а dole." (See 'AngloNorman Antiquities considered in a Tour through Part of Normandy,' by Dr. Ducarel (? 1767), p. 81. 66 At the Benedictine abbey of Fecamp the monks were obliged, by the rules of the house, to give daily a large quantity of bread and meat to every poor person who applied for it, except between the first day of August and the first day of September, when the poor were supposed to be employed in the harvest. The funeral dole of the secular rich was known as the "dead dole," and was necessarily of only occasional distribution, a circumstance arguing, but only presumably, that dole cupboards were indispensable only where charity was administered in a frequent and regular way. They would thus afford accommodation for provisions such as bread, &c., additional to that of the buttery. Dole beer, however, to judge from a passage in Ben Jonson's Alchemist' (I. i.), was kept in the buttery :— I know you were one could keep The butt'ry hatch still lock'd, and save the chippings, Sell the dole beer to aqua-vitæ men. J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL. I have no knowledge on the subject, but imagine that dole cupboards would be cupboards fixed up in churches to hold the bread loaves that were distributed as doles after the service. I rather think that I have seen such a cupboard in use, but I cannot remember where. Durham. J. T. F. Dole cupboards were used for keeping charity loaves. Two may be seen in St. Albans Abbey. A. S. LEWIS. Library, Constitutional Club. 66 66 66 one between good and bad usage, either way, the good being often evenly divided. Incidentally, I was once severely taken to task by an Englishman for saying "Connetticut.' My trivial excuse that it was correct, and there never had been any other pronunciation, was not admitted: he insisted that it should be Connecticut," as spelled. I might have cited Rotherhithe SANTA FÉ: AMERICAN PLACE-NAMES and Cirencester, but a tu quoque is useless. (10 S. vi. 310, 353, 394, 452).—Faneuil Hall The truth is, our forefathers had two things in Boston is not pronounced Funnel," to do with the unpronounceable Indian as stated by MR. PLATT at the second refer- guttural in “ Quonnaghtekut"; to write ence, except by a small and decreasing it and to pronounce it. Like sensible and remnant of the old families (Wendell illogical Englishmen, they did not allow Phillips used to roll it on his tongue with one to interfere with the other. For the great unction), and by those who adopt their written form, they used the handiest availhall-marks of tenacious special locutions for able guttural; in pronunciation they dropped business or personal reasons. It never had it altogether. But the former comes no any excuse in the Faneuil family's own usage, nearer to the original sound than the latter. that I know of, and Fan-u-il" is now No single rule can be formulated for the almost universal. "Arkansaw" is the legal acceptance of local pronunciations as final pronunciation, by enactment of the Arkansas authorities; they may represent a cultivated legislature-ther of course silent in Southern choice which finally determines usage, or usage, and the sounds thus quite accurately mere ignorant, slovenly corruptions which representing the original and correct name carry no weight-though in the latter case of the "Akansä tribe. Arkanzas is the inhabitants of course take all the more merely ridiculous, widely as it is used, being pride in them as part of their superior local the pronunciation of French letters in English knowledge, and scorn the tenderfeet fashion, to give sounds they were never in- proportionately for using more accurate tended for. In French use they made ones. Of this sort are a great number of the "Ahkansaw," as they should. The English local pronunciations of Spanish names in misuse is exactly like the comic pronuncia- the South West, many of which are of the tion of Esquimaux as Eskwimawks"; same "stripe" as "Iky on parl." Whether or the absurd Century Dictionary' pro- the current "Loss Angheless" will win out nunciation of the Vancouver's Island dry- cannot, perhaps, yet be told; but Nakidock station, Esquimalt, as "Eskwimault," tosh" for Natchitoches has done so. More instead of the local "6 Squimo"-it being, eastwardly, "Terry Hut" for Terre Haute, in fact, the same word as Esquimaux,' Skinny Atlas for Skaneateles, and the now universal in English as Eskimo." not unheard Porchmouth" for Portsmouth, are of course only vulgarisms. Glos-es-ter" and "Wors-es-ter," though sometimes used by anxiously pedantic people who fall into the slough on the other side (the former actually sanctioned by a Boston city council and embodied in the name of a street), are not common nor spreading. (The curious form “ Glockster has been heard-apparently an effort to pronounce from the spelling, in conviction that the clipped "Gloster " must be wrong.) But -wich is witch almost universally; nor can I see why this restoration of historical form, through following the spelling. is not a good thing. It is curious that so many of those who object to the "reformed " spelling as obliterating etymology should at the same time be full of scorn for “ Norwitch" and Green-witch in place of "Norridge" and Norridge" and "Grinidge," where the 66 66 66 66 The French of course used ou to represent the same sound as our w, and ch for our sh. In general the English form has been substituted in America, as Wabash (“Wawbash") for Ouabache; but sometimes they exist peaceably side by side, as in Ouachita and Washita. Even here the English form gains ground. The misleading of the English tongue by the ch is shown in the occasional use of Mitchigan" instead of "Mishigan" for Michigan. Some thirteen years ago a writer in The Saturday Review sneered at the Americans as a people "who pronounce the name of their great city She-cah-go"" I have never been able to guess what the writer would have us say -perhaps "Tchic-a-go," sometimes heard on that side of the water. Of course Shecahgo or Shecawgo is correct. The difference betewen ah and aw in these names is not 66 66 66 run as follows: 66 COURTESY TITLES AND REMARRIAGE (10 S. vi. 209, 374, 472).—In answer to GENEALOGIST I beg to say I have referred to my reply at p. 374, and at once saw the blunder | which has occasioned his query. I fear I wrote hurriedly at the moment, and apologize. The context should of course The lady on remarriage should drop her first husband's name and title, and accept her second husband's position." To attempt to retain the first husband's courtesy title of "Honourable " with her second husband's surname added is the absurd innovation that I wish to inveigh against. I know, however, of two cases in which it has been done-one of which I alluded to in my previous reply. With peeresses and “ dames "it is a different matter, but it is to courtesy titles that I CROSS-CROSSLET. particularly referred. Miscellaneous. NOTES ON BOOKS, &c. The Dramatic Works of Richard Brinsley Sheridan. It is pleasant to welcome in an Oxford edition the to the sons and daughters of peers bearing courtesy The Clergy Directory and Parish Guide. (J. S. THIS best and most trustworthy guide to the clergy The Literary Year-Book and Bookman's Directory,. 1907. (Routledge & Sons.) THE eleventh annual volume of this useful and An Almanack for the Year 1907. By Joseph system. Whitaker's Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage, and AMONG works of its class Whitaker's Peerage" "THE MUSES' LIBRARY" of Messrs. Routledge has been enriched with The Poems of Thomas LovePeacock, edited by Brimley Johnson. These in a complete form are first brought together and sympathetically introduced in this little volume, the size, price, and pictures of which are out of all proportion with its worth. To the same series have been added Roundell Palmer's (Lord Selborne's) Book of Praise and Thomson's Seasons and Castle of Indolence, and other Poems, in two volumes, forming together Thomson's complete poetical works. MR. ARTHUR HALL.-The Times of Saturday last contained an announcement of the death on 27 December of Mr. Arthur Hall, at the advanced age of eighty-three. He was for a considerable time in business in Paternoster Row, but retired about twenty years ago. He was a frequent contributor to N. & Q' both under his own name and the initials A. H., as may be seen on reference to the long lists of his articles in the General Index to the Ninth Series. BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES. We cannot begin our rambles among the old book stores without wishing our friends a prosperous new year. The past year has not been a bad one, and with the revival of trade we may look for yet better results. We are glad to know from a friend of large experience that early printed books and first editions of great writers continue to keep up in price. The early books of Tennyson are examples of this, but those later than "The Princess' in 1847 were printed in such large editions that they are not likely to become scarce. We should much like to see the first editions of Macaulay's 'England' more sought after, and hope they will appreciate in price. Mr. B. H. Blackwell, of Oxford, sends us his Catalogue CXV. The larger portion is devoted to Philology, but the supplemental list should be looked at by all fond of choice bindings, for it contains a few of those for which the Oxford Press obtained the "Grand Prix" at the Paris Exhibi tion of 1900. 30s.; and 'Villette,' 3 vols., 1853, 20s.; the original' 66 Messrs. E. George & Sons' Catalogue 44 is devoted to Natural History and kindred subjects. We find Westwood's Moths,' 3.; several early editions of Bewick's Quadrupeds'; Harvey's British Seaweeds,' 31. 15s.; Seebohm's 'British Birds,' 6. 10s.; Yarrell's 'Birds,' 41. 48., &c. · Mr. George Gregory, of Bath, includes in his : List 175 Alken's Military Occurrences,' 1820, 307.; Mrs. Williamson's Book of Beauty,' 1896, 658. Bryan's 'Painters,' 90s.; Times edition of The Encyclopædia Britannica,' with revolving bookcase, 167.; Sloane's 'Life of Napoleon,' 4 vols., 40s. and Punch 1841-1902, a choice set of the original issue, half-calf, 25. Under Somerset is much of interest. There are reproductions of engravings by John Raphael Smith. Mr. Thomas Carver, of Hereford, has in his List 47 Esop's Fables,' edited by L'Estrange, 258. (contains book-plate of David Garrick); 'Dryden's Fables,' Bensley, 1797, 17. 78. 6d.; Lubbock's Hundred Best Books, 7. 10s.; Schoolcraft's 'Indian Tribes of the United States,' Philadelphia, 1851, logue 43 Mortimer's Burial Mounds of East YorkMr. William Hitchman, of Bristol, has in Cata2/. 108.; first edition of 'Gulliver,' 1726, 37. 3s.;shire,' 21. 2s.; Bartolozzi,' by Andrew Tuer, 31. 38.; Edition de Luxe of Armstrong's Turner, Agnew, Jasper's Birds of North America,' 31. 3s.; Walter1902, 107. 10s. ; another copy, ordinary edition, 5.; Crane's 'Faerie Queene,' 37. 7s. 6d.; Pooley's 'Old Maurice's Indian Antiquities,' 7 vols., 1794, 20s.; Stone Crosses of Somerset,' 25s.; Pugh's Cambria and Hamilton's French Book-Plates, 30s. In a Depitca,' 1816, 41. 10s.; Rubens,' by Max Rooses, long list under Hereford there is a choice set of 2 vols., 4to, 1904, 27. 10s.; and Howell and Cobbett's Wathen's views of the Cathedral in ruins, 1786, State Trials,' 147. 148. 51. 5s. These include the view of the west tower and front taken just before its fall, 17 April (Easter Monday), 1786. Messrs. Drayton & Sons send us from Exeter Catalogue 183, which contains some beautiful works under Art. These include Chinese Hand-coloured Paintings, 2 vols., folio, 1850, 63s.; Hayley's 'Life of Romney, 1809, 61. 6s.; Lord Ronald Gower's Sir Thomas Lawrence,' 94s. 6d.; and Mason's Josephine,' Goupil, 30s. There are first editions of Ainsworth's Tower of London,' 508., and Windsor Castle,' 358.; of Jane Austen's Northanger Abbey,' and Persuasion,' 4 vols., 2. 15s. (wants one half title page); and of Nicholas Nickleby,' 258. Other items are the "Author's Favourite Edition: (48 vols.) of the Waverley Novels, 3. 15.; and the "Memorial Edition" of Bewick, 52s. 6d. Mr. Francis Edwards's Catalogue 287 contains the Royal Asiatic Society's Journal, 38 vols., 18.; Moxon's edition of Beaumont and Fletcher, 11 vols., 9. 9s.; first editions of Charlotte Bronte's 'Professor, 3 vols., 1857, 30s.; Shirley,' 3 vols., 1849, Mr. Edward Howell's Liverpool Catalogue 156 · has in the original boards, uncut, 'Pictures repre12 large portraits, imperial folio, Paris, 1803, 57. 58. senting the Early Period of the French Revolution,' Under America we note Barnard's History of England,' folio, 1782, 37. (the prints in fine condition, including Cornwallis's surrender to Washington), and a good sound copy of Esquemeling's History of the Buccaneers of America, with 25 plates, including the rare portrait of Sir Henry Morgan, London, 1699, 5. 18s. John Marshall's Life of Washington,' 5 vols., 4to, extra-illustrated, London, 1824, is 207. Under Bacon is Pickering's edition, 17 vols., calf, 10/. 15s.; also Pope's own copy of the Advancement of Learning,' with the inscription on back of portrait, "The Lord Bacon's Advancement of Learning. Exlibris Alex. Pope. Ver. 3." Other items include Dorat's 'La Déclamation Théâtrale' (this copy of a very rare book is superbly bound), Paris, 1766, 107.; Rogers's Poems,' Moxon, 1838, 207. (this is extra-illustrated with duplicate set of India proofs, and the binding probably cost 357.); Encyclopædia Britannica,' 14. (" Times net price for this is 38."); and a first edition of the Greville Memoirs,' with the suppressed passages, 7. 10s. There are long lists under Napoleon, French Revolution, and Lancashire. Mr. George P. Johnston, of Edinburgh, includes in his Catalogue 81 many interesting Scottish books. We note a few items: A List of the Adventures in the Bank of Scotland,' 1704 and various years to 1778, also the proprietors in the stock in 1817, 638.; Poems by Drummond of Hawthornden,' first issue, 1656, 16. Leighton's Appeal to the Parliament, or Sion's Plea against the Prelacy,' 15s. No date is given. The author was the father of the Archbishop of Glasgow, and for publishing this book he was whipped, pilloried, had his nose slit, ears cut off, was branded "S. S." (sower of sedition), fined 10,000., and sentenced to perpetual imprisonment. He was released in 1640 by the Long Parliament, but died insane not long after. There are a number of works under Witchcraft. Among general items .are some of Pickering's beautiful "Diamond Classics," including Dante, Catullus, Cicero, &c. ; Herr Georg Lissa sends from Berlin his Catalogue 42, mostly devoted to German literature, containing items under Afrika, Amerika, Faust, Goethe, Schiller, &c. Among French works is the Galerie Lithographiée' of the Duke of Orleans. Mr. James Roche's Catalogue 151 has a volume -containing interesting tracts, &c., one being The Case and Memoirs of the Rev. James Hackman and of his Acquaintance with Miss Martha Reay, with portrait, 1. 5s. 6d.; The Monthly Mirror, 11 vols., 1. 188. 6d.; Clouet's Three Hundred French Portraits,' 2 vols., folio, 1875, 37. 158. Upham's History of Buddhism,' 1829, 3. 10s.; Dramatic Recollections,' by N. S. R., 13 plates of Macready, 2 parts folio, 1838-9 ("no reference to their publication in any biography"), 17. 10s. ; A'Beckett's Comic History of England,' 2 vols., and Comic History of Rome,' 1847, 3. 188. 6d. Milton's Works, life by Mitford, Chiswick Press, 1867, 31. 18s. 6d.; Scotia Depicta,' 1819, 27. 8s. 6d. ; Hudibras,' 3 vols., also 'The Poetical Remains of Samuel Butler,' 4 vols., royal 8vo, 1819-27, 37. 18s. 6d.; Daniell's Oriental Scenery,' 1812-16, 27. 5s.; and a long list under India and the East. ; Messrs. Sotheran & Co.'s Price Current 668 is full of valuable items. We note a few: Bancroft's "Historical Works on Western American Origins,' 39 vols., San Francisco, 1883-93, 197.; and the rare edition of Dante, 1477, 42. (the fifteen leaves sometimes found, containing the life by Boccaccio, are not in this copy). Another excessively rare book is the first edition of The Golden Legend,' printed wholly by Wynkyn de Worde, 1498 (title and some leaves missing), 751. It has the very rare woodcut of the Annunciation and the Crucifixion. Matchless copies on large paper of Dibdin's Decameron,' .and Picturesque Tour,' first editions, 6 vols., brown morocco extra, 1817-23, are 707.; a set of the Edinburgh to 1903 is 287.; complete set of Folk-lore Society's Publications, 407.; a set of the Geographical Society's Journal and Publications, 32.; and Walpole's Works, best library editions, 1845-59, 351. A very choice Shakespeare set in 23 vols., olive morocco by Lewis, 1791-1805, is 63. This comprises the Samuel Johnson and George Steevens edition, 15 vols., large paper (only 25 sets thus), Malone's Supplement,' Ayscough's, 'Index,' and Hardings' Shakespeare Illustrated.' Later books include the works of Borrow, 1843-62, 11 vols., 11. 11s. ; Motley, 9 vols., 12. 12s.; Swinburne, 28 vols., 217.; Tennyson, including Life,' 16. 16.; Thackeray, 24 vols., 15. 15s.; and the "Gadshill Edition" of Dickens, 16. 16s. Mr. Thomas Thorp's London Catalogue 25 contains some first editions of R. D. Blackmore's works; a set of Balzac, "Japanese Vellum Edition," 10 vols., 1897, 27. 18.; a collection of old military broadsides, 1797, 31. 38.; Shelley's Works, Moxon, 1847, 3 vols., original green cloth, uncut, 2. 10s.; and a beautiful copy of Montaigne's 'Essays,' 1613, panelled calf by Zaehnsdorf, 9/. 10s. Catalogue 5 from Mr. Thorp's Guildford's house contains Raffaelle, Loggie nel Vaticano,' the 55 plates in splendid condition, 1772-6, 557.; the "Library Edition" of Froude's History,' half morocco, 1856-70, 77. 178. 6d.; Musée des Antiques,' Paris, 1811, 2 vols., royal folio, 3. 3s.; Rowlandson's Naples,' 1815, 37. 15s. Finden's Portraits of the Court of Victoria,' Hogarth, 1849, 2 vols., folio, 31. 158. : Notices to Correspondents. We must call special attention to the following notices: and address of the sender, not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. ON all communications must be written the name WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately. To secure insertion of communications correspondents must observe the following rules. Let each note, query, or reply be written on a separate slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and such address as he wishes to appear. When answering queries, or making notes with regard to previous entries in the paper, contributors are requested to put in parentheses, immediately after the exact heading, the series, volume, and page or pages to which they refer. Correspondents who repeat queries are requested to head the second communication "Duplicate.” WE cannot undertake to advise correspondents as to the value of old books and other objects or as to the means of disposing of them. SIGMA COUNT.-Quite unsuitable for our columns. J. M. BULLOCH and M. J. D. COCKLE.-Forwarded. NOTICE. |