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seizing the captain and officers, and crying out Liberty! Captain Turner was standing on the companion with a spy glass in his hand, when a man of the name of Griffiths, took him by the legs and threw him off. The first lieutenant, Mr. Coran, was in the cabin getting his pistols, when he heard the the noise on deck, and found the ship in possession of the mutineers; he fired his pistols up the companion by which one man was wounded. The captain called out to him to blow the ship up; to prevent which, the sailors broke the sky-light, and got down and secured him. All the officers were then confined in irons in the forecastle, and a master's mate, named M'Donald, took command of the vessel. When they got off Valparaiso, they sent the captain and officers on shore (excepting Mr. Prockley, the master, whom they kept to navigate the ship.) They then ran for Juan Fernandes to water, and stood along the coast, where they captured and destroyed many Spanish vessels. Their next run was to the Gallipagos Islands to refit, where a second mutiny was set on foot, but discovered. They sent the principals on shore, one of whom was drowned in landing. Here Mr. Prockley, the master, left them, and went off in an English whale ship. Mr. M'Donald then assumed the name of Turner, took the command, and appointed officers.

When the ship was fitted and watered, they again run in for the shore, where they took towns, destroyed vessels, robbed and burnt churches; in short, they became the terror of the coast. They sent a party of forty men, under the command of Griffiths, who

was then first lieutenant, to go into a port, and cut out some vessels, of which they had information; but, when this party were out of sight of the ship, it was agreed by those who remained on board, to steer her to the Sandwich Islands and sell her, which they accordingly did. Upon our obtaining this information of the Santa Rosa, we sent an account of it to Tameameah, who gave orders for the men to be distributed among the chiefs, each to have a certain number under his charge to be answerable for; shortly after this, the party, who had been away under the command of Mr. Griffiths, arrived at Owhyhee in a small brig, which they had captured. They were outrageous at finding the ship in possession of the King, and wanted him to give her up, offering him the brig and all her cargo in exchange; but he refused to do so, saying, they were robbers, and he would hold the ship for the owners. He had her accordingly hauled close in shore, and a number of white men and natives continually on board, and the guns double shotted. Mr. M'Donald made his escape on board the brig; they touched at Woahoo; I went on board, and they gave me letters for England, which I since delivered Hence they ran to Atooi and ack to Woahoo, hovering about the islands for some time in hopes of ang their ship. In the middle of

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Captain Jen

nings returned from Owhyhe, leaving the King in a poor state of health; and we now only awaited the arrival of American N. W. ships (which generally call here in their passage to China,) to freight our wood to Canton..

SONG.

BY JOHN CLARE.

There was a time,when love's young flowers With many a joy my bosom prest: Sweet hours of bliss!-but short are hours,

Those hours are fled-and I'm distrest. I would not wish, in reason's spite; I would not wish new joy to gain;

I only wish for one delight

To see those hours of bliss again. There was a day, when love was young, And nought but bliss did there belong; When blackbird's nestling o'er us sung,

Ah me! what sweetness wak'd his song.

I wish not springs for ever fled;
I wish not birds' forgotten strain;
I only wish for feelings dead

To warm, and wake, and feel again.
But, ah! what once was joy is past;
The time's gone by; the day and hour
Are whirring fled on trouble's blast,
As winter nips the summer flower.
A shadow is but left the mind,

Of joys that once were real to view; An echo only fills the wind,

With mocking sounds that once were true

Biography.

(Literary Gazette.) BUCKINGHAM, THE TRAVELLER.

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J. S. Buckingham was born about the year 1786, and left his paternal home, to brave the dangers of an unruly element as a sailor, at the early age of nine years. In one of his first cruises he was made a prisoner of war, and carried with his shipmates by the Spaniards (who at this period were the allies of the French) into the port of Corunna. They were, however, speedily set at liberty, and proceeded on foot to Lisbon, on their journey to which place our young traveller was gratified with abundant opportunity of encouraging his itinerant propensities.

Whilst yet a boy, he made a series of voyages to America, the Bahama Islands, and the West Indies, and thus strengthened still more his passion for novelty and research.

The Mediterranean was the next scene of his wanderings. From this period he seems to have cherished the idea of visiting Egypt, Greece, Phoenicia, Italy, and Mauritania. Sicily, Malta, the Islands of the Archipelago, the coast of Asia Minor, were alternately visited by this juvenile adventurer, and the more he saw and read of these interesting classical countries, the stronger grew his thirst for information, and his desire to explore other regions, of which he could form no idea. The lif of a sailor afforded him but slender opportunities of study, and every moment that could be spared from his maritime duties was employed by him in acquiring information of the geography of the countries which surrounded him.

He visited the port of Alexandria, ascended the Nile, and investigated the Pyramids. From thence he directed his course towards India, by way of

the Red Sea. It being represented to him, that a competent knowledge of the navigation of this ocean was desirable, he resolved to accomplish the attainment of it. Buckingham advanced to Keneh, in order to cross from thence to Kossier, having with him excellent instruments for nautical purposes; Hermopolis, Antinoe, Panopolis, Abydos, Diosopolis, and Zentyra, were successively the objects of his attention.

In the midst of obstructions which would have appalled an ordinary traveller, Buckingham spread his sail for the more southern cities of the Nile. At Thebes he remained a week. At Latopolis he met with the late amiable and accomplished traveller Burckhardt. They passed a few days together, and then separated, Burckhardt for the desert and Buckingham to pursue his course up the Nile.

It

Our adventurer next visited the cataracts, and the various stupendous monuments of art, at Zaefa, Gulabshee, Gartaarsy, Garfeecey, and Nubia. was at this juncture that an attack of the ophthalmia deprived him for a time almost entirely of sight. In his passage through the Desert Keneh he was plundered of cloths, money, papers, arms, and instruments, and left to pursue his journey over a rocky path, naked and barefoot, scorched by day and frozen by night, it being the middle of an Egyptian winter. The hospitable mansion of Colonel Missett, the Consulgeneral for this country, at Keneh, afforded him a temporary asylum. During his second stay at Cairo, he applied himself to the study of the Arabic language, and, having acquired a partial knowledge of it, he crossed the desert of Suez to examine its port, and finally returned to Alexandria, the point from which he set out.

A short time subsequent to this, in the dress of a Mameluke, he journeyed with a caravan of fifty thousand camels and about as many pilgrims to Mecca. On his arrival at Jedda, our adventurer found himself so ill that he was obliged

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to be carried on shore in a litter. Having no means of prosecuting his journey to Mecca, he was compelled to send a messenger to Mr. Burckhardt, then at the holy city, who visited him at Jedda, and remained with him several days, giving him, ere he left, the most unequivocal proofs of his friendship and benevolence.

At this time the Luffenut-ul-Russool ship, under English colours, arrived from India. Buckingham, at the request of her worthy captain, went on board, where he rapidly recovered from his indisposition. With this commander, Captain Boog, he proceeded to Bombay, during which voyage he collected materials for a chart of the Red Sea. He returned from India in the course of a few months with a Mr. Babington, and materially increased, during the voyage, his stock of hydrographical knowledge.

At Cairo, a third time, he encountered his friend, Mr. Burckhardt; but his stay in Egypt, on this occasion, was of short duration. His next route was by Syria and Mesopotamia. In the course of his journey he visited Palestine and the country beyond Jordan; the eastern parts of Moab, Bashan,

Gilead, and the Auranites; crossed Phoenicia and part of Syria, and from Antioch proceeded to Aleppo. He passed through Mesopotamia by Ur of the Chaldees, to Nineveh and Babylon; and so visited on his way Diarbeker, Mosul, and Baghdad. He was subjected to repeated illnesses on this expedition; for his recovery, on one accasion, he was indebted to the kind hospitality of Lady Hester Stanhope; and, on another, to Mrs. Rich, who was at that time a resident at Baghdad. His Arabic studies were continued, as far as the duties of his situation would admit, at Bassorah, Bushia, and Muscat. After returning to Bombay, he sailed, in order to complete his voyage, (touching at most of the ports on the Malabar coast,) to Calcutta. It was, on his arrival at this place, that Buckingham set about condensing his memoranda for the purpose of publication, and he has been encouraged in this object by the patronage of the Marquis of Hastings, the Bishop of Calcutta, Colonel Mackenzie, the Surveyor General of India, and Dr. Lumsden, Professor of Arabic in the College of Fort William. The results of these labours will, we understand, be speedily laid before the public.

SONG.

FROM THE OLD FRENCH.

MAID, where are the violets sweet,
Dress'd in colours all so gay,
Shedding soft perfume, to greet
The Queen of flowers on her way?
Past, O youth is Spring's fair day,
With it violet died away.

Say where are the roses fair
We used to gather in the glade,
To deck the bosom or the hair
Of shepherd youth and village maid?
Maiden fled is Summer's day,
Rose, alas! soon pass'd away.

Lead me to the secret shade,
Where the murmuring rivulet
O'er the pebbly bottom stray'd,
Watering gentle violet.

Suns too ardent scorch'd full sore,
Streamlet murmurs now no more.

2R ATHENEUM VOL. 10.

Lead me then to bow'r so green, Where the blushing muskrose grew, Where the swain at eve was seen With shepherdess for ever true.

Cruel storm and hail came o'er, Bower, alas! is green no more. Where, then, is the gentle maid, Who, whene'er my eye she met, Tender, pensive, bow'd her head Towards the modest violet?

Short, O youth! is mortal hour, Faded, too, is beauty's flower! Where is he, whose tuneful reed Used to chaunt the secret shade, Arbor, streamlet, flow'ry mead, Violet, rose, and gentle maid? Life, O maid is quickly o'er, E'en the minstrel is no more!

BUCKINGHAM'S TRAVELS IN PALESTINE.*

Literary Gazette.

SINCE the publication of our last number, Mr. Buckingham's splendid volume has issued from the press; and, as the curiosity of our readers will, in some measure have been excited by the notice already given of this distinguished traveller, we shall hasten to lay before them an account of the work itself, with extracts from such portions of the relation, as would seem to us most novel and interesting. There have, it is true, been many travels through the Holy Land in the course of the last twenty years: but the cradle of our religion, the birth-place of classic fable, the scene of all that is venerable in Holy Writ, and the theatre of the most heroic exploits, during the Jewish, the Roman, and the Saracenian wars, cannot well be too frequently or too minutely described; and that author must be dull indeed, who should prove unable either to correct or add his share of information to the labours of those 'who have gone before him.

"I come like those who have preceded me (says Mr. Buckingham) with a profession of dissatisfaction at the incompleteness of all that has been written before, and with the belief and assurance that I am able to add something new to the general fund of human knowledge, and, more particularly, to our local acquaintance with Judea."

By far the most important part of these travels, and that which may be termed entirely new, is the description of Bashan and Gilead, east of the Jordan. No traveller, whose works are before the public, has ever hitherto explored the country beyond this river; and as Mr. B.'s account of this neighbourhood occupies the greater portion of his volume, the acquirement of much and valuable information will naturally result from the perusal of his pages; rendered as they are peculiarly pleasing, by a correct and elegant style, and a clear but comprehensive description of

the objects which have engaged his attention.

Mr. Buckingham left Alexandria in a skutoor, or small vessel peculiar to the Syrian coast, on the 25th of December, 1815. The captain and crew, altogether ten in number, were Syrian Arabs of the Greek religion. They appeared to be entirely ignorant of navigation, and quite incompetent to manage the vessel. Besides these men, there were on board about ten passengers of different countries and persuasions, who were, for the most part, compelled to remain upon the deck, as the cabin was so small as scarcely to admit of a person sitting upright in it. The following instance of superstition is related by Mr. Buckingham; they had all suffered considerable inconven ience from a dead calm and want of water :

"The moon had set in a dark bed of rising clouds, and the whole appearance of night portended a western gale. Not more than twenty quarts of water, and this extremely foul, now remained for the subsistence of about twenty persons, so that the anxiety with which every eye was directed towards the quarter from whence the wind was desired, may be readily conceived.

"The dawn opened, however, and not a breath of air was yet stirring. Prayers and incense were resorted to, and the tone of all those engaged in offering them, had sunk from confidence to melancholy despair. The men were evidently terrified at the prospect of approaching death, and their whole conduct, in this respect, (they were of the Greek church,) formed a striking contrast to the calm resignation of the Mahomedans on board, who continued to preserve all their former tranquillity, and console themselves with the assurance of their prophet, God is great and merciful, and what he hath decreed must come to pass.'

* Travels in Palestine, through the countries of Bashan and Gilead, east of the river Jordan; including a visit to the cities of Geraza and Gamala, in the Decapolis. By J. S. Buckingham, Esq. Member of the Asiatic Society, Calcutta, &c. &c.

"When prayers were ended, a straw mat, on which the captain slept, was let down into the sea, and with the shreds of another mat torn up for the purpose, a fire was kindled thereon, and the whole was pushed from the vessel's side as a burnt offering to the God of the Winds. I had at first conceived that the object of this ceremony was chiefly to mark the direction which the smoke would take when free from the influence of those eddies always occasioned by the flapping of a ship's sails in a calm; but it afterwards appeared that it was, in every sense, a sacrifice, from the peculiar marks of which our future fate was augured. If the flame burnt clear and bright, so as to be distinguished plainly through the thick smoke of the damp straw; if it continued unextinguished until the fuel became a heap of ashes, and if it returned not again to the vessel, but drifted in some other course, all these were to be so many proofs that the fire thus kindled should triumph over the element on which it floated; and that the God, to whom it ascended, had heard our prayers, and would not suffer that element to witness our destruction. Every omen was favourable; the mat floated from us from the mere impulse with which it was pushed from the ship, and the heat of the flame was sufficient, amid the stillness of the calm, to attract around it a sensible motion of the colder air, so as to feed the fire till most of the fuel was

consumed.

"The joy of every one was not only extreme but almost as boisterous as their rage and disappointment on the preceding day; and, to crown the whole, in less than an hour afterwards, the glassy surface of the waters began to be ruffled by light airs from the south and from the west."

After weathering a very severe gale, during which Mr. Buckingham's personal exertions were put in requisition to save the vessel, she passed into the harbour of Soor. In this place, the ancient Tyre of the Scriptures, our traveller observed an article in the costume of the women of that city, which seems to illustrate an hitherto obscure passage in the Psalms.

"In the court of the house where we lodged, (says Mr. Buckingham,) I observed a female, whose garments appeared to resemble those of the Jewish women in Turkey and Egypt. The face and bosom were exposed to view, and the waist was girt with a broad girdle, fastened by massy silver clasps. This woman, who was a Christian, wore also on her head a hollow silver horn, rearing itself upwards obliquely from her forehead, being four or five inches in diameter at the root, and pointed at its extreme; and her ears, her neck, and her arms, were laden with rings, chains, and bracelets.

"The first peculiarity reminded me very forcibly of the expression of the Psalmist, 'Lift not up thine horn on high; speak not with a stiff neck: all the horns of the wicked will I cut off, but the horns of the righteous shall be exalted.'"

After paying a bill at the inn at Soor of seventy-four piasters for only two days, and reading the inhabitants a severe lecture on their rapacity, Mr. Buckingham and his companion pursued their route from Soor to Acre. On his arrival at El Mufshoor, a village in its vicinity, he was informed that the struggle between the French and English for that place was still remembered. The latter are uniformly spoken of with the highest consideration and respect. An old man, who had been an eye witness, recounted to them, with much minuteness, the circumstances of the siege of Acre. The amount of the charges against them was very different from that paid at Soor; the whole demand, including provisions for four persons and their animals, was only three piastres and a half, or little more than half a dollar. They entered the town that evening on foot.

"The approach to this city (says our author) is rendered interesting by the appearance of gardens and cultivated land without, and by the full foliage of innumerable trees, rearing their heads within the walls. The town itself stands at the extremity of a plain on the sea shore, insomuch that we were obliged to descend on approaching its southeastern gate of entrance."

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