? sérer miyidim سورمیدم ? ? séomez miyidim سومز میدم ? Used I not to love? etc. Did I not use to love? etc. § 336. مضارع روایت The Narrative Aorist .3 ,sever imishia سور ايمشيز ,sever mishim سور ايمشيم ,sever mishsin سور ايشسين ,sever' imishsiniz سور المشكز .sever mishler سور ايمشار ,sever amish سور ايش (They say that) I used to love, (Perchance) I love . . If I love, If thou lovest, etc. pawjogu sévméz'sém, -'séñ. If I do not love . . . § 338. Note. The Conditional Aorist is abbreviated sometimes by omitting the characteristic ré, and then resembles greatly the Suppositive tense § 378; as: sévsém, sévséñ, sévsé. .gelir sédé gélmer sede whether he comes or not کلیر سه ده کلمز سه ده § 340. When two or more verbs follow one another in the same tense, number and person, the personal ending is generally omitted in all but the last: projyér, ichér vé gézérim for yérim, ichérim vé gézérim. I eat, drink and promenade. Pédér hér akh ́sham size gidiyor ve yarî géjéyédék otourouyoroudou, for gidiyoroudou. My father used to go every night to your house and stay there till midnight. .yazin in the summer یازین !eoyle ya ! certainly اویله یا ! خواجه افندی ساعت قاچده مکتبه تشريف ايدر ? ـ هركون آلافرانقه ساعت طقوزده کلیبور ایدی ایسه ده ، بیلمم که : بوكون کایر میکلمز می آونده بر مسافری وار ایمش ۲۰ اکر خواجه کز اول وقت کلیرسه ، کرم ایت شوکتابی کندیسنه وير . اما اگر كلمزسه ، تكرار بكا كوندر. - يك اعلا ! خواجه م كلير كلمز ، کتابکزی ويريرم . لكن كلمزسه سزه کونده ريوم . ۳ بن تركجه بیلیرم ؛ هم بازار هم او قورسه مده چاپوق سویله یه مم . سن هم صو کبی اوقويه بيلييور هم کوزل سویله یه بیلییورسین. ٤ بن سنی اوچ یاشنده ایکن بیلیرم . هیچ طور از آغلار چاغیریر باغيرير ايدك . ه شو بهار موسمى نه كوزل بر موسمدر ! هر طرف کولر ، آغا جار چیچکله نیر ؛ كللر ، سنبللر و بثقه چیچکار آچیلیرلر ، هر طرفه کوزل قوقولر صاچارلر٠ ٦ چیفتجيلر بهارین و كوزين سوردلو و اکولو . اگر سور مزار و المزلوسه ، يازين و قيشين اللرينه بر شی کچمز ۷۰ پاره یی آلماز دن کیمسه کیمسه یه مال ويرمز». .48 Translation ترجمه ٤٨ but if I see and Well, Sir, if I can will pay. - 4. At I eat at 12 o'clock 1. I know Armenian. Thou knowest German. Does he know Greek? 2. Before you came here, you did not know us (assertive). 3. Before seeing the property (mal), I cannot give the money, approve, I will give the money. make you like it, then I hope you what o'clock do you go to bed? Turkish time, and lie down at 3 o'clock, in summer, but in winter I eat at one o'clock and go to bed at five. Sometimes, if I have guests, I sit up until six o'clock. 5. I do not do so! I eat early and I retire early. I rise early in the morning. While others are sleeping, I read and write my lesson. Sometimes in the fresh morning air I take a walk in the field. 6. Well done! my boy; you do well. 7. Can you ride on horseback? Yes, I can (ride), but you cannot ride. 8. What do they call this boy? They call him Néjib. alk. Conversation. بوكويه نه دیرلر ؟ ? ایمش بو کویه بویاجی کویی دیرلر. اون كونه قالماز كلير ايمش . قوکشوكز حجازدن نه وقت كلير اون کوندن اول كلمز من ؟ شو آتی قاچه صاته بيلير لر؟ چوجوقار مکتبده نه یا پارلر ؟ كلمز دييورار. اون لیرادن اشاغنیه ویره مزلر او قورار، يازارلر، درس ويريرلر. خدمتجى كلير كلمز بكا كونده رير بك الى افندم ! كونده ريرم. سز بو آوه کلمزدن نره ده اوطورور شو قارشیده کی اوده اوطور مقده ايدك. .Reading Exercise تعليم قرائت .Voices of Animals حيوانارك سسلرى بوتون حيوانارك كند يارينه مخصوصی سسلری وار در ، و اول سسی كوسترمك ايچون ده برد تعبیرلری وار در : مثلا آت کیشنر ، اشك آكيرير، اينك بوكورور ، ارسلان کوموردر ، آیو خوموردار ، قورد اولور كويك حاولار، تیلکی اینجه بر سسله ، سيكيلر ، قويون و کچی مه لر ، کدی میاولر ، خروس اوتر ، طاوق عيد اقلر ، يبليجلر و اوفاق قوشلر جیویلدر هند طاوغی غولوغولو ایدر ، پاپاغان لا قیردی ایدر کوکوجین دم چکر ، بلبل شاقير ، اوردك واق واق ایدر Hayvanlarin sésléri. 1 Bútûn hayvanlarin kendilériné makh'sous sesleri var dir, vé ol sési géostérmék ichin dé birér ta'birleri2 var dir; Méséla.3 10 At Kishnér1, éshék añîrîr3, inék béòyúrûr, arslan geomûrdér1, ayî khomaurdar, qourd oulour9, kéopék havlar1o, tilki injé bir séslé siñilér11, qoyoun vé kéchi mélér12, kédi miyavlar13, khoros éôtér 14, tavouq gidaqlar15, pilijlér vé oufaq qoushlar jivildér 16, hind tavoughou1 goulou goulou édér 18, papaghan19 laqirdi édér20, géoyérjin21 dém chékér22, bülbül 23 shaqir-24, éordék vaq vaq édér25. Words. 1. Especial. 2. term. 3. for instance. 4. Kishnémék to whinny. 5. añirmaq to bray. 6. béoyûrmék to moo. 7. géomûrdémék to roar. 8. Khomûrdamaq to growl. 9. ouloumag to howl. 10. havlamaq to bark. 11. siñilémék to squeak. 12. mélémék to bleat. 13. miyavlamaq to mew. 14. éotmék to crow. 15. gidaqlamaq to cackle. 16. jivildémék to chirp. 17. turkey (Indian) hen. 18. to gobble. 19. parrot. 20. to chatter. 21. pigeon. 22. to coo. 23. nightingale. 24. shaqîmaq to warble. 25. to quack. .23 Lesson درس ۲۳ .The Past Tenses ماضيلر $ 341. There are two tenses denoting the Past. § 342. One is the Categorical Preterite called by the natives Maziyi shouhoudi eye-witness past', which depicts the speaker as having been present or as having witnessed something with his own eyes, so as to know it for certain without any doubt. Hence it corresponds with the compound tense formed with the Past Participle and the auxiliary verb To have'. For instance yazdi, not only means he wrote (in the presence of the speaker), but also he has written. It may also be translated by the English Past, formed with did; as: yazdi mi? Did he write? yazdi, he did write. § 343. The other is the Dubitative Past, Maziyi naqli implying or expressing doubt. The speaker is not sure about the matter, he may have heard it from others. This tense can be correctly used only when the truth of an assertion is not guaranteed, and when the speaker means to state that he believes what he says, but cannot vouch for it; as: yazmish he wrote (as others say) he has written (I believe), I am not sure about it'. This tense is used in telling stories of the past or anecdotes which the speaker has heard from others or read in books. 1. Indicative Past. S § 344. The characteristic sign or suffix of the Past tense is sɔ -dî, -di in the third person. For the first person plural it is -dik for the soft vowels and -diq for the hard ones. ,yazdim یازدم ,sevdim سودم ,yazdd یازدی Kıɔjɩ yazdîñiz', ¿¡§139– sévđiñiz ́, I wrote, I did write, 'sevdiler سودیار . yazdilar يازديار ماضی اقتداری .Potential Past ,'sévébildin سوه ببلدك , 'sévébildiniz سوه بيلديكز . 'sevébildilér سوه بیلديار ,sévébildi سوه بیلدی I was able to love ... |