Chancery jurisdiction. Federal courts have a chancery jurisdiction in
every State____

Census or enumeration. No capitation or other direct tax shall be laid
except in proportion to the..

Census or enumeration of the inhabitants shall be made within three years
after the first meeting of Congress, and within every subsequent
term of 10 years thereafter.__.

Certiorari. Writ can not be issued by Supreme Court to review proceed-
ings of a military commission_.

Page.

263

65

482

441

Common law of chancery..........

442

Checks and balances in government.

Leading general cases..

51

Chief Justice shall preside when the President of the United States is tried
upon impeachment. The...

67

Child labor. Imposition of tax on the net income of a person employing

child labor held unconstitutional.

80

Act of Congress known as the child labor law can not be sustained
on the theory that Congress has power to control interstate com-
merce in child-made goods_-_-

143

Act of Congress imposing a tax on child-labor-made goods, held in-
valid_

143

Chinese. The Chinese exclusion acts do not deprive a Chinaman of the
right to have the Federal courts determine his right to land------
Choosing the electors and the day on which they shall give their votes, which
shall be the same throughout the United States. Congress may
determine the time of
Citizen of the United States. No person shall be a Senator who shall not
have attained the age of thirty years and been nine years a...
No person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained the
age of twenty-five years and been seven years a__
Citizen or a citizen of the United States at the time of the adoption of the
Constitution shall be eligible to the office of President.
No person

Citizens or subjects of a foreign state. The judicial power of the United
States shall not extend to suits in law or equity brought against one
of the States by the citizens of another State, or by..
Citizens. Cases between a State and citizens of another State..
Suit against a State by a citizen of the State....

Cases between a State, or the citizens thereof, and foreign States,
citizens, or subjects..

467

The Interstate Commerce Commission and the Railroad Labor Board
regarded as corporate entities for governmental purposes, are not
citizens of any State....

460

For the purpose of jurisdiction a party is not necessarily a citizen of
the State of which he is a resident___

461

A corporation is deemed to be a citizen of the State of its creation...
Citizens of the United States while in a foreign country are subject to
the penal laws of the United States..

464

583

Citizens may not sue the State of their citizenship without the State's
consent..

639

655

Privileges and immunities of citizens under fourteenth amendment are
not identical with those referred to in Article IV, section 2-------
Citizen-Definition of. The Constitution nowhere defines the meaning
of the word citizen except in so far as it is done by the fourteenth
amendment_-_-_

Corporation not a citizen...

Women as citizens.__.

Affect on citizenship of marriage with alien...

Distinction between citizenship of United States and of a State____

653

654

654

654

655

Page.

Citizenship. Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all the privileges
and immunities of citizens of the several States____

507

All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to
the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the
State in which they reside...-

651

No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the
privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States...

651

Nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property
without due process of law____

651

Nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of
the laws.

651

Citizenship.

Child born in the United States of parents of Chinese
descent, who, at the time of his birth are subjects of China, is a
citizen of the United States...

A naturalized citizen can not become President or Vice President,
and he may not even become a Member of Congress until he has
resided in this country a prescribed time..........
Naturalization by treaty of the citizens of Mexico en masse.-
The naturalization of a father gives citizenship to his minor children.
The power of naturalization vested in Congress by the Constitution
is a power to confer citizenship, and not a power to take it away...
Citizenship in the United States and citizenship in a State are distinct
and may be separately acquired.....

202

203

203

203

203

204

A resident of the District of Columbia may be a citizen of the United
States but not a citizen of any State....

204

A State can not make an alien a citizen of the United States....
Under the treaty of 1783 all persons then adhering to the United
States, whether born in this country or not, were absolved of their
allegiance to Great Britain, while adherents of Great Britain
remained British subjects.

205

205

Native Mexicans may be naturalized and become American citizens..
Naturalization is not a right and the Government may exclude
"undesirable citizens".

206

206

A socialist has been refused naturalization on the ground that it
would be contrary to the prescribed oath.

206

The oath prescribed by the naturalization act, when taken, confers
citizenship..

207

A citizen of the United States is a citizen of the State where he
resides...

208

The citizenship of the parties to the cause is of no moment in deter-
mining admiralty jurisdiction.....

449

Residence and citizenship are wholly different things within the
meaning of the Constitution, and the laws defining and regulating
the jurisdiction of the Federal circuit courts..
Distinction between residence and citizenship...

463

653

Distinction between citizenship of United States and of a State ---
The right of suffrage is not coextensive with citizenship-----
Civil officers of the United States shall, on impeachment for and convic-

tion of treason, bribery, and other high crimes and misdemeanors,
be removed. All...

655

744

402

Civil War.

The Confederate government could make no law...
Ordinance of secession void and of itself alone affected neither the
jurisdiction of the supreme court of the State nor its relation to the
apellate power of the Federal Supreme Court.........

555

555

Claims of the United States or any particular State in the Territory or
public property. Nothing in this Constitution shall be construed
to prejudice ---

522

Classification of Senators. Immediately after they shall be assembled
after the first election, they shall be divided as equally as may be
into three classes___.

67

Classification of Senators. The seats of the Senators of the first class
shall be vacated at the expiration of the second year..

Page.

67

Held unconstitutional as encroachment on judicial power
in giving jury trial to persons charged with contempt..
Coal. Sale and delivery of coal at the mine for transportation to pur-
chasers in other States is interstate commerce..

The seats of the Senators of the third class at the expiration of the
sixth year---
Clayton Act.

The seats of the Senators of the second class at the expiration of the
fourth year---

67

67

484

113

Sale of coal f. o. b. cars at the mines, to be shipped to purchasers in
other States, is interstate commerce.

120

Statute taxing anthracite and not bituminous coal makes a valid
classification under fourteenth amendment...

733

Coin a tender in payment of debts. No State shall make anything but
gold and silver..

269

Coin money and regulate the value thereof and of foreign coin. Congress
shall have power to------

212

Coin of the United States. Congress shall provide for punishing the
counterfeiting the securities and current....

214

Weights and measures.

214

Color, or previous condition of servitude. The right of citizens of the

United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United
States or by any State on account of race... ....

743

Comfort. Treason against the United States shall consist in levying war
against them, and giving their enemies aid and...
Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy, and of the militia when in
actual service. The President shall be...

486

384

Commerce. Shipment moving from interior point in a State to port in same
State for export, is foreign commerce..

107

Under the commerce clause Congress may prohibit foreign ships from
entering our ports... - - -

107

Immunity to libel against private trading ship.

107

Interstate corporations may be compelled to produce contracts with
coal companies to be used as evidence before Interstate Commerce
Commission___

Commerce with foreign nations, among the States, and with Indian tribes.

Power to suppress disturbances....

202

Commerce or revenue. Vessels clearing from the ports of one State shall

not pay duties in those of another____

266

266

No preference shall be given to the ports of one State over those of
another by any regulation of _____
Commissions to expire at the end of the next session. The President may
fill vacancies that happen in the recess of the Senate by granting..
Commodities clause of interstate commerce act. Clause prohibiting trans-
portation by carrier of commodities produced by it held constitu-
tional.....

Common defense, promote the general welfare, etc. To insure the_______
Common defense and general welfare. Congress shall have power to pro-
vide for the...

401

125

52

74

Common law, where the amount involved exceeds twenty dollars, shall be
tried by jury. Suits at..--

622

No fact tried by a jury shall be otherwise reexamined in any court of
the United States than according to the rules of the...
Common law. The principles of the common law are operative upon all
interstate commercial transactions except so far as they are modi-
fied by congressional enactment.____

A common-law right of action is superseded by a Federal statute....
The common-law doctrine as to the sovereignty and ownership of
lands under tide waters on the borders of the sea applies equally
to the lands beneath the navigable waters of the Great Lakes...............
Copyright can not be sustained as a right existing at common law...
According to the decisions of the English common-law courts, "high
seas" means that portion of the sea which washes the open coast..
There is no common law of the United States, in the sense of a national
customary law, distinct from the common law of England.____
Courts which originate in the common law possess a jurisdiction
which must be regulated by the common law....
Concurrent common-law remedies in admiralty cases..

167

220

227

445

446

453

The remedy for the enforcement of a lien for duties on imported
goods is by suit at common law.....

454

At common law an alien can not maintain a real action, but the dis-
ability is purely personal...

467

Recourse must be had to the principles of common law to determine
whether the accused is entitled to jury..

484

Fifth amendment only announces and reaffirms principles of common
law......

592

The sixth amendment is a reformation of the essential principles of
the common law, but puts it beyond the power of either Congress or
the courts to abrogate them..

619

Common law. Civil trials in suits at common law.

Seventh amendment is a prohibition to United States courts to re-
examine any facts tried by jury in any manner except according to
rules of common law..........

Page.

624

629

A State has the right to alter the common law at any time, although
it has theretofore adopted it with certain limitations...
An indictment or presentment by a grand jury as known to the
common law of England is not essential to due process of law when
applied to prosecutions for felonies..

666

694

Common law-Seventh amendment. Facts reexamined only according to
rules of common law..........

629

Control of court over verdict __

629

On removals from State courts____

Expression of opinion on the facts by the court---
Entering judgment for defendant notwithstanding verdict.

On writ of error from Federal Supreme Court__---

Common-law jurisdiction. State courts having common-law jurisdiction
may be vested with power to admit qualified aliens to citizenship-
United States courts have no jurisdiction of offenses at common law.
Common-law offenses. The rule that there are no common-law offenses
against the United States does not apply in the District of Columbia
Common-law principles. Application of common-law principles to fourth
amendment-searches and seizures___.

Compensation. Private property shall not be taken for public use without
just.

575

Compensation of the judges of the Supreme and inferior courts shall not
be diminished during their continuance in office...
Compensation of the President shall not be increased nor diminished during

405

the period for which he shall be elected....
Compensation of Senators and Representatives to be ascertained by law..
Compensation. Where private property is taken or destroyed in time of
war to prevent it from falling into the hands of the enemy, full
compensation must be made to the owner..

383

71

578

Jurors are entitled to no further compensation than that provided by
statute.-.

586

Act limiting compensation of pension agents and attorneys held not
unconstitutional..

599

Railroad companies must be permitted to earn just compensation..
Carriers must be permitted to earn just compensation in the regula-
tion of rates--

676

731

746

Salary of Federal judge is immune from income tax----
Compensation of public officers. The appointment to and the tenure of an
office created for the public use and the regulation of the salary
thereof do not come within the import of the term "contracts".
Compensation-Taking of property without just compensation. Definition.
Compensation by substitution.......

Measure of compensation a judicial question..

Competition. No contract or combination is legal which restrains trade
and commerce by shutting out the operation of the general law of
competition. -

101

Congress may prohibit contracts or combinations made to restrain
competition in interstate commerce..

124

Compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor. In criminal
prosecutions the accused shall have.............

614

Compulsory production of books and papers. In suits for penalties and for-
feitures incurred by the commission of offenses against the law...
12703°-S. Doc. 157, 68-1-53

572