4th, That while the Rev. E. Smith continued among us, he taught us to cultivate gardens, he gave us seeds to plant them, he showed us how to grow potatoes, and ploughed land, which he sowed for us; and when the harvest came, he taught us to cut down the corn, and divided it among us; and as no more commandoes came against us, we were very happy, and hoped that our troubles were over, and we should live in peace.

5th, That while we were thus enjoying peace, and getting food to eat, the Rev. Mr. Smith was commanded by the government of the colony to leave Toverberg; and the teacher was very much grieved, and many Bushmen's hearts were sore pained: we wept much, but remained on the land of our forefathers, cultivating our gardens, and praying to the great God for Mr. Smith's return.

"6th, That some moons after Mr. Smith's removal, the boors came and took possession of our fountains, chased us from the lands of Toverberg, and made us go and keep their sheep. Whitboy, one of my Bushmen, and his wife, were both shot by the boors, whilst taking shelter among the rocks, and their child carried into perpetual servitude.

"7th, That I, Uithaalder, was sent by the field-cornet, Van der Walt, to keep his sheep; that one night three of his sheep were missing, and the field-cornet flogged deponent with the sambok, and drove himself and his wife and children from his place, and said, 'Go now, take that; you have not now Mr. Smith, the missionary, to go to, to complain against me.'

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8th, That deponent then went to a small fountain, near Toverberg, where a few Bushmen once

lived; but that last moon the field-cornet drove himself and wife, and young children, from the fountain, saying, that Bushmen should have no fountains in this country, and that they should have no pools but the rain-water pools out of which to drink.'

9th. That about ten moons ago Louw Styns, the son of Hans Styns, travelled with his cattle over the Great River; that I, Uithaalder, was watcher of his cattle, and one evening, when bringing the cattle home, some of the cattle were missing, when deponent was severely beaten with a stave by Louw Styns, who said, 'You have not Mr. Smith to go to now." The strayed cattle that evening came home of themselves; yet three different times was I beat by Louw Styns for the same reason, whereupon deponent left his service.

10th, That I, Uithaalder, without people, with my wife and four young children, was necessitated to live among the mountains, and to subsist upon roots and locusts; and that, on hearing from a Bushman, who knew where deponent and his family were gone to, that missionaries were at Toverberg, deponent came to their waggons on the road, and stated to them his case.

"Uithaalder humbly begs that such white men as are true Christians will take into consideration his distressing case, and the distressing situation of his countrymen, who have survived the murdering commandoes, and who, after being deprived of their fountains, their gardens, and their game, are obliged to see their children taken from them, and themselves driven among wild beasts.

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11th, That last moon, whilst I, Uithaalder, ven

tured out to the plains, seeking roots to eat, a boor came up to deponent, and inquired what I was doing there?—saying, that I meant to steal some of his sheep, and eat them; and he, the boor, beat your deponent with a sambok severely over the head.

"12th, That Uithaalder knows that much has been said against the Bushmen. Whenever sheep, or goats, or cattle have either strayed, or been stolen, the boors say the Bushmen have stolen them, and they are flogged, and shot, on suspicion only, for the cattle and sheep which have been taken by others, or destroyed by the lions, wolves, and tigers.

"13th, That Uithaalder allows that Bushmen may, when starving, have taken a sheep from a farmer's flock, to keep himself and children alive, but deponent is certain that this seldom happens, and that the Bushmen are blamed and punished without having done anything wrong; and, as a proof of this assertion, he may state, that three sheep for which he was flogged, and driven from the field-cornet's place, were found next day."

"20th August, 1825."

"We, the undersigned, attest that all the facts detailed in this statement were related in our hearing by Captain Uithaalder, the chief of a Bushman tribe, which formerly possessed the neighbourhood of Toverberg, comprehending a district containing above seven hundred square miles; and that the deposition, after it was written, was read over, paragraph by

paragraph, to Captain Uithaalder, to each of which he was willing to make affidavit.

JOHN BARTLETT,

JAMES CLARK,

(Signed)

JACOBUS BOEZAK, his + mark.

ANDRIES STOFFEL, his + mark.

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CHAPTER IV.

Mission to the Griquas.-Origin of this Tribe. Their former savage State.-Effects of the Missionaries' Labours among them. -Their Settlement at Klaarwater, now Griqua Town.-Ordered by the Colonial Government to furnish Recruits for the Cape Corps.-Refuse to accede to this Conscription.-Injustice and Impolicy of the Measure.-Plan to seize the Griquas during the Beaufort Fair.

THE progress a people may have made in morals, in social compact, and in civilization, is not to be ascer tained by a cursory view of any one stage of the process, but by a careful comparison of what they were at a former period with their present condition.

The present state of the Griquas furnishes us with the means of judging of the effects which the labours of the missionaries have among savages. The origin of this tribe will be found fully developed in the journals of the Rev. Mr. Campbell, and other travellers in South Africa. I need, therefore, only remark here that they are a race of mulattoes whose ancestors were the offspring of the colonists by Hottentot females. These Bastaards, as they were termed, finding themselves treated as an inferior race by their kinsmen of European blood, and prevented from acquiring the possession of land, or any fixed property within the colony, about fifty years ago sought a refuge, from contumely and oppression, among the native tribes beyond the Great Orange river; where their numbers were gradually augmented by refugees of the same caste from