Liberalism: The Classical Tradition: The EconomistVM eBooks, 2016 M11 24 The social order created by the philosophy of the Enlightenment assigned supremacy to the common man. In his capacity as a consumer, the “regular fellow” was called upon to determine ultimately what should be produced, in what quantity and of what quality, by whom, how, and where; in his capacity as a voter, he was sovereign in directing his nation’s policies. In the precapitalistic society those had been paramount who had the strength to beat their weaker fellows into submission. The much decried “mechanism” of the free market leaves only one way open to the acquisition of wealth, viz., to succeed in serving the consumers in the best possible and cheapest way. To this “democracy” of the market corresponds, in the sphere of the conduct of affairs of state, the system of representative government. The greatness of the period between the Napoleonic Wars and the first World War consisted precisely in the fact that the social ideal after the realization of which the most eminent men were striving was free trade in a peaceful world of free nations. It was an age of unprecedented improvement in the standard of living for a rapidly increasing population. It was the age of liberalism. |
Contenido
The Boundaries of the State | |
The Right of SelfDetermination | |
The Political Foundations of Peace | |
Nationalism | |
Imperialism | |
Colonial Policy | |
Free Trade | |
Freedom of Movement | |
Russia | |
Liberalism and the Political Parties 1 The Doctrinairism of the Liberals 2 Political Parties | |
The Crisis of Parliamentarism and the Idea of a Diet Representing Special Groups | |
Liberalism and the Parties of Special Interests | |
Party Propaganda and Party Organization | |
Liberalism as the Party of Capital | |
The Future of Liberalism | |
On the Literature of Liberalism | |
The United States of Europe | |
The League of Nations | |
On the Term Liberalism | |
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able achieved administration antiliberal areas autarky based on private Bolsheviks branches of production bureaucratic capital and labor capitalist capitalist system civilization classical liberalism colonies conditions of production conflicts consequence consideration constituted countries demands democracy division of labor doctrine economic enterprises entrepreneurs etatist Europe European evil existence fact factors of production Fascism favorable foreign Frédéric Bastiat free trade freedom German groups human labor ideal ideology immigration individual industry inhabitants institution of private interventionism land League of Nations living means of production modern monetary calculation monopoly nations one’s opponents organization Parliamentarism parties of special peace political position possible private ownership private property problem profit protectionism Protectionist parties protective tariffs question realized result right of selfdetermination rule Russian social cooperation social order socialist society special interests special privileges struggle territory trade unions United wages wellbeing wish workers