merchandise, none of the allowances specified in the fifty-eighth and fifty-ninth sections of the General Collection Act of 2d March, 1799, are to be made, the court having intimated such allowances to be inapplicable to any article of merchandise subject under the existing Tariff Act to the payment of ad valorem duty. No more than the actual weight of the cask or package can therefore in any case be allowed; and if the collector has any doubt as to the correctness of such weight or tare, in any invoice offered for entry, it will be his duty to ascertain the correctness of it by emptying such number of packages as he may think advisable, in order to ascertain the actual weight or tare of the cask or package, but in no instance is any allowance to be made on a claim for alleged erroneous tare, or for other causes, actual damage only excepted, where the full gross or net weight landed is equal to the invoice weight. So likewise in case there should have been any shrinkage or drying in an article during the voyage of importation, no allowance can be made for such shrinkage and drying where the full quantity shipped of such article has been landed, though in all cases actual drainage, leakage, or damage, will be allowed as heretofore. The Supreme Court in the above decision says, "when the Act of 1846 changed the duty on brandy from a specific one on the gallon to an ad valorem one, it was no longer within the provisions of the Act of 1799, and consequently no longer entitled to the deduction of the 2 per cent. Under this decision, the deduction of the said 2 per cent will in no case be allowed on liquids subject to guage. As regards the return of duties illegally exacted, the court says: "In order that the opinion of the court may not be misunderstood, that when we speak of duties illegally exacted, the court mean to confine the opinion to cases like the present, in which the duty demanded was paid under protest, stating specially the ground of objection. Where no such protest is made, the duties are not illegally exacted in the legal sense of the term: for the law has confided to the Secretary of the Treasury the power of deciding in the first instance upon the amount of duties due on the importation. And if the party acquiesces, and does not by his protest appeal to the judicial tribunals, the duty paid is not illegally exacted, but is paid in obedience to the decision of the tribunal to which the law has confided the power of deciding the question. Money is often paid under the decision of an inferior court, without appeal, under the construction of a law which is afterwards in some other case, in a higher and su perior court, determined to have an erroneous construction. But money thus paid is not illegally exacted. Nor are duties illegally exacted where they are paid under the decision of the Collector, sanctioned by the Secretary of the Treasury, and without appealing from that decision to the judicial tribunals by a proper and legal protest.” Under this opinion of the court, no duties will hereafter be returned except in such cases where a protest, in writing, may have been or shall be made at the time, stating specially the ground of objection, nor will the allowances specified in sections fiftyeight and fifty-nine of the Act of 2d March, 1799, be allowed in any claim for return duties on importations heretofore made. Any previous circular instructions or regulations conflicting with the preceding are hereby repealed. WM. L. HODGE, Acting Secretary of the Treasury. TARIFF OF THE PERUVIAN GOVERNMENT. Information has been communicated to the Department of State, by EDWARD MCCALL, Esq., Consul of the United States at Lima, that the new tariff, or rates of duties, lately approved and published by order of the Peruvian Government, goes into effect on all goods or merchandise imported from the United States on the 20th of September next. This tariff very materially modifies the rate of duties at present collected on foreign merchandise, and particularly on the staple articles of domestic cottons imported from the United States. These cottons are now subject to a duty of 40 per cent, but after the 20th of September they will pay only 15 per cent; flour will pay 30 per cent-about one-third of the duty now exacted. Chairs, wood and cane seats, 25 per cent; furniture, all classes, 30; silks and linens, all classes, 28; woolens, all classes, 25. STATISTICS OF POPULATION, &c. POPULATION AND REPRESENTATION OF THE UNITED STATES. We understand, says the National Intelligencer, that on the 2d of August, 1852, the Secretary of the Interior, in compliance with the provisions of the act of Congress, approved 23d May, 1850, providing for the taking of the seventh and subsequent censuses, transmitted to the House of Representatives his official certificate of the number of representatives apportioned to each State under the last or Seventh Enumeration of the Inhabitants of the United States, and that certificates are being prepared to be sent to the Executive of each State of the number to which such State is entitled. These certificates are in accordance with and founded upon the following table, showing the federal and representative population of the United States on the 1st day of June, 1850: POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES, SEVENTH CENSUS, 1850, WITH THE APPORTIONMENT OF REPRESENTATION AND THE FRACTIONS FOR EACH STATE. Delaware.. 71,169 18,073 89,242 2,290 90,616 1 90,368 546,886 295,758 Louisiana 255 416 Tennessee. 756,893 Virginia.... North Carolina.. South Carolina.. Georgia. Alabama.... 417,943 74,723 492,666 6 *79,786 895,304 53,829 949,133 472,528 1,232,649 13 18,189 553,118 27,873 580,491 288,412 753,538 274,623 8,900 283,523 384,984 521,438 2,880 524,318 381,681 426,486 2,293 428,779 342,892 296,657 309,898 272,953 244,786 763,164 289,461 6,178 Kentucky 514,513 6 *47,413 753,326 8 5,966 634,514 7 *73,994 898 482,595 5 15,495 17,537 419,824 4 46,144 6,271 906,840 10 #66,060 761,688 9,736 771,424 210,981 898,012 10 *57,232 Missouri 592,077 2,544 594,621 87,422 647,074 7 *86,554 All the States marked thus (*) have an additional member for the fraction. + One representative added for California under the act of Congress, approved 30th July, 1852. COMPLETE CENSUS OF THE PROVINCE OF NOVA SCOTIA IN 1851. We are indebted to D. McCULLOCH, Esq., Secretary to the Board of Statistics (Financial Secretary's office) for complete " statistics of each county of the British Province of Nova Scotia, exhibiting a view of the population, pursuits, industry, and resources of the country, within each county of the Province, as taken in 1851." Under the present head we give all that relates to population, according to the classification of the official document from which the subjoined statements are copied : NUMBER OF PERSONS IN THE PROVINCE OF NOVA SCOTIA ENGAGED IN LEARNED PROFESSIONS, COMMERCE, MANUFACTURES, MECHANICS, LUMBERING. AGRICULTURE, FISHERIES, NAVIGATION, AND Total..... 288 143 145 2,415 3,200 8,895 31,604 9,927 1,413 3,961 1,254 CENSUS OF THE PROVINCE OF NOVA SCOTIA, EXHIBITING THe aggregate NUMBERS, AGES, AND SEXES OF EACH DESCRIPTION OF PERSONS. STATISTICS OF THE COLLINS AND CUNARD STEAMERS. We are indebted to J. H. C. CAMPBELL, Esq, of Boston, for the subjoined statistics of the Collins and Cunard steamers. Mr. Campbell's well-known accuracy as a statistician is a sufficient guaranty for the fidelity of the compilation. The statements for previous periods, published in the Merchants' Magazine for September, 1851, and March, 1852, were compiled by Mr. Campbell 21. Pacific 63 550,000 10 20 Baltic... 31 73,500 12 21 Arctic... 60 11 6 Pacific 104 2,000 Atlantic. 124 12 3 |