must be treated differently. Let the grass stand till nearly ripe seeds show at the bottom of the head; it will not do to wait longer than this, as the head continues to grow long after, and the lower seeds, which are the best, would ripen and fall before any others would mature. You may now mow this like Barley, or cradle it and tie in bundles. In either case, cure it like a grain crop; carry to the barn, and either thresh immediately or put it on the mow to be threshed hereafter. Another method of saving seed is to use a machine which can be carried through the field and will take off the heads, which must then be collected, dried, and threshed. stubble may be pastured, or be cut for inferior hay or for bedding. The The ornamental grounds now need their last cutting for the season. That part of the lawn which was cut but once for hay will now yield its crop of Rowen, which must be treated in all respects like the Clover, excepting that it need not be left in cocks to make. The Clover leaves being very fragile when dry, break readily and are lost if the hay is turned frequently in making; and it is to avoid this that we cure it in cocks. Some farmers are of the opinion that all hay is better made in this way. ROWEN.-The Rowen from the lawn is to be made like any other hay, and stored in the barn for the cows in spring. The grass on the rest of the lawn, and about the borders, flower-gardens, and house, is, as it has been at each previous cutting, similar to Rowen, although somewhat less nutritious, owing to the repeated cuttings, and is cured in the same way. Field No. 2 is in Roots. Its area of 3 acres is divided into 1 acres Carrots, 1 Ruta Bagas, Parsnips, Flat Turnips. Nothing need be done here but to go over the field occasionally and pull out any weeds that have come up since the last hoeing. If the weather is very dry and the roots seem to suffer, let the brook into the catch-water drains, and allow it to stand long enough to saturate the ground thoroughly. Before the water is turned in, run the horse or wheel hoe through the rows to loosen the soil. If there is no water for irrigation, hoeing will be of service. The lawn south of the hall door was planted with early Potatoes, which must be dug early in the month. The evidence of ripeness is the gradual drying up of the vines. between the ripening of the vines and the disease known as "the rot." In the rot the vines decay and blacken all at once. Potatoes may be dug with the common hand hoe or with a potato hand digger, which is much like a manure rake, with four or five long teeth, which searches into the hill bet ter than the hoe and with less danger of cutting the tubers. After digging, leave them lying on the ground to dry in the sun till there will be only time enough before dew-fall to gather them into heaps. Cover these heaps with the dry haulm of the tops, or with a hay cover. Remove the cover next morning, and leave them another day, or even two days, to dry thoroughly, covering every night. When well dried, carry them into the root cellar. It will save time in the end to assort them as we take them from the cart into the cellar, putting the smaller tubers together, either for pig-feed or for seed, and the large ones by themselves for sale or the table. Keep the varieties well separated, so that you may be able to plant next year with judgment, and grow those varieties which have rotted least, yielded best, and which have the best flavor. In this neighborhood, Worcester Reds, Davis' Seedlings, Carters, and Jackson Whites have proved the greatest favorites for field Potatoes, and it is with these that we should plant our field. Where there is more than one quarter of an acre of Potatoes to dig, it will be true economy to buy a potato-digger, which may be worked either with horse or oxen; the animals walk in the furrows either side of the rows, while the digger, like a ditch plough, splits the furrow and turns the tubers out to daylight, where they may be easily gathered. In Field No. 1 the pasture needs no attention this month. At every opportunity cart muck, weeds, and loam to the barn cellar; leave them in such positions as not to interfere with cleaning the cellar of the summer's accumulation before winter. The cows want fodder night and morning, as in the last month. and in rather larger quantities. Keep good watch to insure that the cattle are well and regularly fed and cleaned, and that the barn is kept clean and sweet. The horses will need no extra care as yet, although as the nights grow colder their legs should be rubbed dry after the day's work and the beds be made a little thicker. Select the pigs you propose to kill before January and put them by themselves in order to begin extra feeding. Do not increase the feed much till the weather becomes decidedly cooler. They will be found to gain much more rapidly during the first cool weather than afterwards, or than during the hot weather. The fowls are taking care of themselves; the young geese, turkeys, and ducks being well grown. Such fowls as are to be got ready for early use or sale in the fall should be regularly fed, beginning with small quantities and gradually increasing. RYE. During the month thresh the Rye or Wheat cut from No. 3, winnow and put it into bags for sale. If you propose to sell the Rye straw do it as soon as the price is fair, for as soon as cold weather approaches it will be the haunt of rats and mice, which in search of stray grains will cut it to pieces and make it almost unsalable. Sell all the Rye that you do not wish to use, whenever the market it good, as it is a crop in which there is not much fluctuation, and as it sells by weight the loss in drying during the winter will often counter-balance the gain in price in the spring which is seldom much for home-grown grains. DRAINING. During the dry weather clear all the open drains that are at all clogged, and begin new tile or stone drains in all the wet parts of the fields. The system of irrigation which we are following will lose much of its value, if the surplus soakage water is not rapidly removed. There is scarcely a field but is benefited by draining. This is the best month to repair the roads for fall and winter carting, as gravel laid on now will be well trodden and bound before hard freezing begins. Examine the catch-water drains, and wherever the action of the water has injured them, repair thoroughly. Make the drains now in Field No. 1 for next year's crop. It is very strange that our farmers should be so remiss in the matter of irrigation, when no natural aid is as powerful if applied with judgment. In a climate where frequent rains remove all fear of drought, a supply of water by irrigation would seem superfluous; and yet it is in England, where such a climate exists, that irrigation has been carried to the greatest perfection. How much more then should we gain in this often scorched region! The necessity of drainage has forced itself upon our agriculturalists, and although it is exceedingly rare to find a farm thoroughly drained, it is no less rare to see a farm where something of the sort has not been done. The theory is very simple and obvious. It is important to hasten the approach and prolong the stay of warm weather as much as possible. We know that a wet board becomes wholly heated much more slowly than a dry one, as the water must first evaporate. So earth saturated with moisture will not become warm enough to germinate seeds readily, till the surplus water is removed; sufficiently at least to leave the surface freely exposed to the heat of the sun's rays. Evaporation is a rapid process, if we consider the vast amount of water daily converted into rain-clouds; a slow process when we wait for the drying of a submerged or saturated field to an extent that will allow the plough and seed to be applied in spring. This delay is most seriously felt in late seasons, when under the most favorable circumstances farmers find barely time enough to prepare for the crop. The surplus water may in this way shorten the season a fortnight or even a month. Again, in the fall, the early rains-colder than the soil will collect in the very places whence the sun could hardly remove the water in the spring, and will inevitably chill or decay the roots of the yet immature crops; thus cutting the season short at this end another fortnight or month. This time lost from the season will be enough to destroy those crops which can mature in this latitude only by having the full amount of heat which our late springs and early winters afford. Besides this shortening of the growing season, there is the utter impossibility of ploughing such lands in the autumn to expose them to the beneficial action of the winter frosts. All this difficulty may be removed by judicious drainage; and no month is more favorable to the making drains than September, when we usually have some weeks of steady, dry weather, which evaporates the surface water, and enables us to judge where drains are most needed. "To determine the actual degree of cold produced by the evaporation of one pound of water from the soil, is rather a complicated, and not a very certain, operation; but scientific reasons are given for an approximation to this result—that the evaporation of 1 pound of water lowers the temperature of 100 pounds of soil 10°. That is to say, that if to 100 pounds of soil holding all the water which it can by attraction, but containing no water of drainage, is added 1 pound of water which it has no means of discharging except by evaporation, it will, by the time that it has so discharged it, be 10° colder than it would have been if it had the power of discharging this 1 pound by filtration; or more practically, if rain, entering in the proportion of 1 pound to 100 pounds, into a retentive soil which is saturated with water of attraction, is discharged by evaporation, it lowers the temperature of that soil 10°. If the soil has the means of discharging that 1 pound of water by filtration, no effect is produced beyond what is due to the relative temperatures of the rain and of the soil. Mr. Dickenson, the eminent paper-maker, who has several mills and a landed estate in Hertfordshire, has deduced from a series of observations which are, we believe, entitled to great confidence, that of an annual fall of 26 inches of rain, about 11 are filtered through a porous soil. The whole of this 11 inches (and probably more), must be got rid of by a retentive soil, either by evaporation or by superficial discharge. The proportions in which each of these will operate will vary in every case, but this will be a universal feature- that these 11 inches will retain in undrained, retentive soils, except during some accidental periods of excessivé drought, a permanent supply of water of drainage, which will be in constant course of evaporation, and will constantly produce the cold consequent thereon. Retentive soils never can be so warm as porous, for a simple reason. Every |