states had thus voted, the ballot boxes were to be carried by the sergeant at arms to two separate tables. The ballots were then to be counted by tellers, eight in number, at each table. When counted, the reports were to be announced from each table; if these reports agreed, they were to be accepted, as the true votes of the states; if they differed, a new balloting was to be made.

On Wednesday, the 11th of February, the votes from the several electoral colleges were counted in the senate chamber, in presence of both houses; and the result was declared by the president to be, no choice-Mr. Jefferson and Mr. Burr having each an equal number of votes.

The question therefore devolving upon the house of representatives, that body returned to their chamber, where seats had been previously prepared for the members of the senate A call of the members of the house, arranged according to states, was then made; upon which, it appeared that every member was present, except General Sumpter, who was unwell, and unable to attend. Mr. Nicholson, of Maryland, was also unwell, but attended, and had a bed prepared for him in one of the committee rooms, to which place the ballot box was carried to him, by the tellers, on the part of the

state.

The first ballot was eight states for Mr. Jefferson, six for Mr. Burr, and two divided; which result continued to be the same after balloting thirty-five times. The thirty-sixth ballot determined the question.

This important decision took place at twelve o'clock on the 17th of February, when there appeared for Mr. Jefferson ten states; for Mr. Burr four states; and the remaining two were blank ballots. The states which voted for Mr. Jefferson were, Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Kentucky, Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New-Jersey, NewYork, and Vermont. The states for Mr. Burr were, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island. The blank states were Delaware and South Carolina

NOTES.

Sec. 10. MANNERS.

The manners of the people of the United States underwent no marked change during this period.

Sec. 11. RELIGION. Although infidelity does not seem to have made much progress in the

United States, during this period, it was evident that it had taken deep root in many minds.

Infidels, however, were less confident, and less ready to avow their sentiments. They stood abashed before the world, at the fearful and blood-chilling horrors which their principles had poured out upon France. Their doctrines were, at the same time, powerfully refuted by the ablest men both in England and America. At length, they ceased to make proselytes, spoke favorably of the Christian religion, generally admitted that it was absolutely necessary to good government; and error, with regard to religion, assumed a new form.

Towards the close of this period, a revival of religion commenced in New-England, and seems to have been the beginning of that series of revivals which have since overspread the United States. Some sects which had before regarded "revivals of religion" with suspicion or aversion, became convinced of their utility, and began to promote them.

Sec. 12. TRADE AND COMMERCE. Trade and commerce were still prosperous, and the remarks made in respect to them, under period VII., apply to them during this period.

The exports, in 1801, were ninety-three millions twenty thousand five hundred and seventy-three dollars; the imports, one hundred and eleven millions three hundred and sixty-three thousand five hundred and eleven dollars.

Sec. 13. AGRICULTURE.

tinued to flourish.

Agriculture still con

Sec. 14. ARTS AND MANUFACTURES.

The general remarks on the preceding period, relative to this subject, apply, without material alteration, to this period.

Sec. 15. POPULATION. The number of inhabitants, at the close of this period, was not far from five millions five hundred thousand.

Sec. 16. EDUCATION. We have nothing particular to observe in relation to education. Public and private schools, however, were multiplied,

as the people increased, and as new settlements were made.

In 1798, a college was founded at Lexington, Kentucky, called the Transylvania University. Middlebury College, in Vermont, was founded in 1800. At the commencement of the 18th century, there was, in New-England, but one college completely founded, but now there were six; in the colonies south of Connecticut, there was only one, but now there were fifteen or sixteen.

UNITED STATES.

PERIOD IX.

DISTINGUISHED FOR JEFFERSON'S ADMINISTRATION

Extending from the inauguration of President Jefferson, 1801, to the inauguration of James Madison, as president of the United States, 1809.

Sec. 1. On the 4th of March, 1801, Mr. Jefferson, agreeably to the constitution, was regularly inducted into the office of president of the United States.

At the time of his inauguration, Mr. Jefferson delivered an address, expressive of his political opinions, and the prin ciples by which he designed to shape his administration. These were, "Equal and exact justice to all men, of whatever state or persuasion, religious or political: peace, commerce, and honest friendship, with all nations, entangling alliances with none-the support of the state governments in all their rights, as the most competent administration for our domestic concerns, and the surest bulwarks against antirepublican tendencies:-the preservation of the general government in its whole constitutional vigor, as the sheet anchor of our peace at home, and safety abroad:-a jealous care of the right of election by the people, a mild and safe corrective of abuses which are lopped by the sword of revolution where peaceable remedies are unprovided:absolute acquiescence in the decisions of the majority, the vital principle of republics, from which is no appeal but to force, the vital principle and immediate parent of despotisms:-a well disciplined militia, our best reliance in peace, and for the first moments of war, till regulars may relieve them :-the supremacy of the civil over the military authority:-econo my in the public expense. that labor may be lightly bur

thened: the honest payment of our debts, and sacred preservation of the public faith:-encouragement of agriculture, and of commerce as its handmaid:-the diffusion of information, and arraignment of all abuses at the bar of public reason-freedom of religion:-freedom of the press-and freedom of person, under the protection of the habeas corpus-and trial by juries impartially selected. These principles," added Mr. Jefferson, "should be the creed of our political faith; and should we wander from them in moments of error or of alarm, let us hasten to retrace our steps, and to regain the road which alone leads to peace, liberty, and safety."

Sec. 2. The commencement of Mr. Jefferson's administration was marked by a removal, from responsible and lucrative offices, of a great portion of those whose political opinions were opposed to his own, on the ground, that most of the offices, at the disposal of the government, had been exclusively bestowed on the adherents of the opposite party.

In a reply to a remonstrance of the merchants of NewHaven, against the removal from office of a federal collector of that port, and the appointment of a gentleman of opposite politics, the president formally assigned this as the reason of the course he pursued:

"It would have been to me," said he, in that reply, "a circumstance of great relief, had I found a moderate participation of office in the hands of the majority, (the democratic party.) I would gladly have left to time and accident to raise them to their just share. But their total exclusion calls for prompter correctives. I shall correct the procedure; ut that done, return with joy to that state of things, when the only question concerning a candidate shall be, Is he honest? Is he capable? Is he faithful to the constitution ?"

Sec. 3. Congress met on the 8th of December. In his speech at the opening of the session, the president recommended the abolition of the internal taxes; the repeal of the act passed towards the close of Mr. Adams' administration, reorganizing the United States courts, and erect