Water-elephant (wa'tèr-el-e-fant), n. A name given to the hippopotamus. Water-engine (water-en-jin), n. An engine to raise water, or an engine propelled by water.

Waterer (wa'tér-ér), n. One who waters. Cook.

Waterfall (wa'tèr-fal), n. 1. A fall or perpendicular descent of the water of a river or stream, or a descent nearly perpendic ular; a cascade; a cataract. -2. A stock or neck-tie with long ends. [Colloq.]

A gaudy-figured satin waistcoat and waterfall of the same material, and resplendent with jewellery. Macmillan's Mag. Water-fight (wa'tèr-fit), n. A naval battle. Milton.

Water-flag (wa'tèr-flag), n. A plant, Iris Pseudacorus. Called also Yellow Iris and Flower-de-lis. See IRIS. Water-flannel (wa'ter-flan-nel), n. A plant, Conferva crispa, one of the algae, which forms beds of entangled filaments on the surface of water.

Water-flea (wa'tèr-flē), n. A name given to various small entomostracous crustaceans,

one of the most common of which is Daphnia pulex. (See DAPHNIA.) Another is the Polyphemus stagnorum, common in stagnant pools and ditches in some parts of Britain and of the continent of Europe. Water-flood (wa'tèr-flud), n. A flood of water; an inundation.

Water-flowing (wa'tèr-flō-ing), a. Flowing like water; streaming.

My mercy dried their water flowing tears. Shak. Water-fly (wa'tèr-fli), n. 1. An insect that is seen on the water; specifically, a member of the genus Perla.-2. Used as an emblem of emptiness and vanity. Dost know this water-fly? Shak.

Water-fowl (wa'tér-foul), n. 1. A bird that frequents the water, or lives about rivers, lakes, or on or near the sea; an aquatic fowl. The term is generally applied to web-footed birds, but sometimes employed also to include herons, plovers, and other birds which frequent rivers, lakes, and sea-shores. 2. Such birds collectively; wild-fowl. Water-fox (wa'ter-foks), n. A name given to the carp on account of its supposed cunning. Iz. Walton.

Water-frame (wa'tér-fram), n. The name given to Arkwright's frame for spinning cotton on account of its having been at first driven by water. Called also Throstle (which see).

To

Water-furrow (wą'tèr-fu-rō), n. In agri. a deep furrow made for conducting water from the ground and keeping it dry. Water-furrow (wa'ter-fu-ro), v.t. plough or open water-furrows in; to drain by means of water-furrows. Tusser. Water-gage (wa'tér-gaj), n. Same as Water-gauge.

Water-gall (wa'tèr-gal), n. [Water, and O. E. galle, Icel. galli, G. galle, fault, flaw, imperfection. ] 1. A cavity made in the earth by a torrent of water.-2. An appearance in the sky known from experience to presage the approach of rain; a rainbowcoloured spot; an imperfectly formed or a secondary rainbow; a weather-gall.

And round about her tear-distained eye
Blue circles streamed, like rainbows in the sky.
These water-galls in her dim element
Foretell new storms.

Shak.

False good news are always produced by true good, like the water-gall by the rainbow. H. Walpale. Water-gang (wa'tér-gang), n. A trench or course for conveying a stream of water. Water-gas (wa'ter-gas), n. An illuminating gas obtained by decomposing water. Steam is passed over red-hot coke, when the oxygen being absorbed the hydrogen and carbonic oxide are passed through a retort in which carbonaceous matter is undergoing decomposition, absorbing therefrom sufficient carbon to render it luminous when lighted. Water-gauge (wa'tër-gāj), n. 1. An instrument for measuring or ascertaining the depth or quantity of water, as in the boiler of a steam-engine.-2. A wall or bank to restrain or hold back water. Water-gavel (wa'tér-ga-vel), n. In law, a rent paid for fishing or any other benefit de

rived from some river. Water-germander (wa'tèr-jêr-man"dër), n. A plant, Teucrium Scordium.

practises the art of water-gilding (which see). Water-gilding (wa'ter-gild-ing), n. The gilding of metallic surfaces by covering them with a dilute solution of nitrate of mercury and gold, called quick-water, and then volatilizing the mercury by heat. The gold is thus left adhering to the surface, upon which it is afterwards burnished. Called also Washgilding.

A

mea

Water-gladiole (wa'tèr-glad-i-ōl), n. name given to the flowering-rush (Butomus umbellatus). See FLOWERING-RUSH. Water-glass (wa'tèr glas), n. 1. A waterclock (which see). Full time sured by the water-glass.' Grote.-2. A soluble alkaline silicate made by boiling silica in an alkali, as soda or potassa, used to give surfaces, as of walls, a durable coat or covering resembling glass as a vehicle for colours in wall-painting and other purposes. A painting thus fixed has no gloss, and can be seen in all lights. Called also Soluble Glass. Water-god (wa'ter-god), n. In myth. a deity that presides over the water. Water-gruel (wa'ter-grü-el), n. A liquid food composed of water and a small portion of meal or other farinaceous substance boiled and seasoned with salt.

I could eat water-gruel with thee a month for this jest, my dear rogue. B. Jonson.

The

Water-gut (wa'ter-gut), n. The common name of cryptogamic plants of the genus Enteromorpha, nat. order Ulvaceæ. most general species, E. intestinalis, occurs in fresh as well as salt water, E. compressa being the more common species on tidal rocks. When floating in the water these plants very much resemble the intestines of an animal, hence the name. Water-hammer (wa'tér-ham-mér), n. A toy, consisting of a vessel partially filled with water, and from which the air is exhausted, the vessel being hermetically sealed. It is so called because when the water is shaken it strikes against the vessel with a noise similar to that of a hammer, there being no air to impede its motion.

Water-hemlock (wa-tér-hem'lok), n. A British plant (Cicuta virosa), growing in ditches, lakes, and rivers. See CICUTA. Water-hemp (wa'ter-hemp), n. A North American plant (Aenida cannabina), growing in salt marshes.

Water-hemp-agrimony (wa-tér-hemp'ag-ri-mon-i), n. A plant, Bidens tripartita. Eupatorium cannabinum is also called water-hemp-agrimony.

Water-hen (wa'ter-hen), n. A water-fowl of the genus Gallinula, the G. chloropus, belonging to the family Rallidae. It is known also by the names of Moorhen and Gallinule (which see). Water-hog (wa'tèr-hog), n. 1. A South American rodent mammal (Hydrochorus capybara) of aquatic habits. See CAPYBARA.-2. A name sometimes given to an African genus of Suida (Potamochoerus) closely allied to the wart-hog. Water-horehound (wa-têr-hōrhound), n. A British plant, Lycopus europæus, called also Gypsy-wort (which see). Water-horse-tail (wa-tér-hors'tal), n. The common name of several British aquatic plants of the genus Chara, nat. order Char

aceæ.

Water-hyssop (wa-tèr-his'sop), n. A plant, Gratiola officinalis, nat. order Scrophulariaceæ. See GRATIOLA. Water-inch (wa'tèr-insh), n. In hydraulics, a measure of water equal to the quantity discharged in 24 hours through a circular opening of 1 inch diameter leading from a reservoir, under the least pressure, that is, when the water is only so high as to merely cover the orifice. This quantity is 500 cubic feet very nearly.

Wateriness (wa'tèr-i-nes), n. The state of being watery. Arbuthnot. Watering (wa'ter-ing), n. 1. The act of overflowing or sprinkling with water; the act of supplying with water for drink or other purposes.-2. The place where water is supplied.-3. The process of giving a wave-like appearance to anything; a mode of ornamentation whereby a wave pattern is produced, or where the article subjected to the process is made to exhibit a wavy lustre and different plays of light; specifically, (a) A process of giving a wave-like appearance to fabrics by passing them between metallic rollers variously engraved, which bearing unequally upon the stuff render the surface unequal, so as to reflect

WATER-LOGGED

the light differently. (b) A similar effect produced on metal, as on a sword blade, by welding together various qualities of steel. (c) A similar effect produced in house-painting by wiping the ground with a dry brush, in a flowing or irregular manner, while wet with colour. Milit

Watering-call (wa'tér-ing-kal), n.

a call or sound of a trumpet on which the cavalry assemble to water their horses. Watering-can (wa'têr-ing-kan), n. Same as Watering-pot. Watering-place (wa'tèr-ing-plās), n. 1. A place where water may be obtained, as for a ship, for cattle, &c.-2. A town or place to which people resort at certain seasons in order to drink mineral waters, or for bathing, &c., as at the sea-side. Watering-pot (wa'ter-ing-pot), n. A hand vessel for sprinkling water on plants, and the like; a watering-can; a water-pot.-Watering-pot shell, the popular name for a genus (Aspergillum) of lamellibranchiate mollusca belonging to the family Gastrochænidæ.

Watering-trough (wa'ter-ing-trof), n. A trough in which cattle and horses drink. Waterish (wa'ter-ish), a. 1. Resembling water; watery; thin, as a liquor. 'Fed upon such nice and waterish diet.' Shak. Hence2. Fig. weak; insipid. Dryden.-3. Moist; somewhat watery; as, waterish land. 'Waterish Burgundy.' Shak.

Some parts of the earth grow moorish or waterish, others dry. Sir M. Hale. Waterishness (wa'tér-ish-nes), n. The state or quality of being waterish. Floyer. Water-laid (wa'ter-lad), a. Applied to a certain kind of rope. See ROPE. Waterlander, Waterlandian (wa'terland-ér, wa'tér-land-yan), n. A member of the more moderate of the two sections into which the Dutch Anabaptists became divided in the sixteenth century on the question of excommunication, both with regard to the strictness and severity with which it was applied, as well as the extent to which it reached, their opponents extending it to the relatives of the offender: so called from a district in Holland called Waterland.

Water-leaf (wa'tér-lef), n. The common name of plants of the genus Hydrophyllum, so called from their having in the spring a small quantity of water in the cavity of each leaf.

Water-leg (wa'tèr-leg), n. In steam-boilers, a vertical water space connecting other water spaces, and crossing a flue space, by which its contents are heated.

Water-lemon (wa'tér-le-mon), n. A plant
of the genus Passiflora, the P. laurifolia.
See PASSIFLORA.
Waterless (wa'tér-les), a.

water.

Destitute of

Alas! the snow shall be black and scalding,, The sea waterless, fish in the mountain. Wyatt. Water-level (wa'ter-lev-el), n. 1. The level formed by the surface of still water.-2. A levelling instrument in which water is employed instead of mercury or spirit of wine. It consists of a glass tube containing water, open at both ends, and having the ends turned up. When the tube is placed on a horizontal surface the water will stand at the same height in the turned up ends, and when placed in an inclined position the water will manifestly stand highest in the depressed end.

Water-lily (wa'tèr-lil-i), n.

Hydraulic

The common name of aquatic plants of the genera Nymphæa and Nuphar, distinguished for their beautiful flowers and large floating leaves. The royal water-lily is the Victoria regia, See NYMPHEA and NUPHAR. Water-lime (wa'ter-lim), n. lime. See under HYDRAULIC. Water-line (wa'ter-lin), n. In ship-building, one of those horizontal lines supposed to be described by the surface of the water on the bottom of the ship, and which are exhibited at certain depths upon the sheerdraught. The most particular of these lines are, the light water-line, which shows the depression of the ship's body in the water when she is light or unladen; and the load water-line, which exhibits her depression in the water when laden. Water-locust (wa'tér-lo-kust), n. See SWAMP-LOCUST TREE. Water-logged (wa'ter-logd), a. Lying like a log on the water. Applied to a ship when by leaking and receiving a great quantity of water into her hold she has become so

WATERMAN

heavy as to be nearly or altogether unmanageable, though still keeping afloat. Waterman (wa'tér-man), n. 1. A boatman; a ferryman; a man who manages watercraft; one who plies for hire on rivers, &c. The waterman forlorn, along the shore, Pensive reclines upon his useless oar.

Gay. 2. A person who waits at a cab-stand for the purpose of supplying the horses with water, calling the cabmen when they are absent, and the like, for which he receives a fee of a copper. He wears a badge and a number. 'Cab,' said Mr. Pickwick.-Here you are, sir,' shouted a strange specimen of the human race. This was the waterman. Here you are, sir. Now, then, first cab!' And the first cab having been fetched from the public-house, where he was smoking his first pipe, &c. Dickens. Water-mark (wa'tér-märk), n. 1. The mark or limit of the rise of a flood; the mark indicating the rise and fall of the tide.-2. A water-line (which see).-3. In paper-making, any distinguishing device or devices indelibly stamped in the substance of a sheet of paper during the process of manufacture. They are produced by bending wires to the form of the required device, &c., and attaching them to the surface of the wire-cloth of the mould or machine. The water-marks used by the earlier papermakers have given names to several of the present standard sizes of paper, as pot, foolscap, crown, elephant, and post, the latter being so called from the device of a postman's horn as water-mark.

Water-meadow (wa'ter-me-dō), n. A meadow capable of being kept in a state of fertility by being overflowed with water at certain seasons from some adjoining stream. Water-measure (wa'tér-mezh-úr), n. A measure formerly in use for articles brought by water, as coals, oysters, &c. The bushel used for this purpose was larger than the Winchester bushel by about three gallons. Water-melon (wa'ter-mel-on), n. A plant and its fruit, the Cucumis Citrullus, or Citrullus vulgaris, nat. order Cucurbitaceae. This plant requires a warm climate to bring it to perfection. It also requires a dry, sandy, warm soil, and will not grow well in any other. The fruit abounds with a sweetish liquor resembling water in colour, which is very refreshing, and the pulp is remarkably rich and delicious. It forms the chief part of the meat and drink of the people of Egypt for several months of the year, and is largely cultivated in India, China, Japan, America, and in short in most dry hot parts of the world for the sake of its juice. Water-meter (wa'tèr-me-tėr), n. 1. An instrument that measures the quantity of water that passes through it, as a gas-meter measures gas. There are various kinds of contrivances for this purpose.-2. An instrument for determining the amount of water evaporated in a given time, as from a steamboiler.

Water-milfoil (wa'tér-mil-foil), n.

The

Water-mite (wa'ter-mit), n. One of the Hydrachnide, a division of the Acarida. Water-mole (wa'tèr-mōl), n. Same as Duckbill (which see).

Water-murrain (wa'tér-mur-an), n. Α disease among cattle.

Water-net (wa'tèr-net), n. A species of green-spored algae, nat. order Hydrodictyere and genus Hydrodictyon (H. utriculatum), which has the appearance of a green net, composed of filaments inclosing pentagonal and hexagonal spaces.

Water-newt (wa'tér-nūt), n. A name common to two species of long-tailed batrachians of the genus Triton, T. punctatus and T. cristatus, from their frequenting ponds, ditches, &c. See NEWT. Water-nixie (wa'tér-nik-si), n. A waterspirit; an elf inhabiting the water.

The shallowness of a water-nixie's soul may have a charm until she becomes didactic. George Eliot. Water-nut (wa'tèr-nut), n. One of the large edible seeds of plants of the genus Trapa; a singhara-nut. See TRAPA. Water-nymph (wa'ter-nimf), n. See NAIAD. Water-opossum (wa'tér-o-pos-sum), n. See YAPOCK.

Same

ancient form of trial to determine innocence or guilt by means of water. See ORDEAL. Water-ousel, Water-ouzel (wa'tér-o-zl), n. A bird of the genus Cinclus, family Merulidæ. See DIPPER. Water-parsnep (wa'tèr-pärs-nep), n. See SKIRRET. Water-parting (wa'ter-pärt-ing), n. as Watershed. Water-pepper (wa'ter-pep-pèr), n. 1. The common name of a plant of the genus Polygonum (P. Hydropiper), common by sides of lakes and ditches in Britain, and acrid enough to be used as a vesicant.-2. Same as Water-wort. Water-pillar† (wa'tèr-pil-ér), n. A waterspout.

Water-pimpernel (wa'ter-pim-për-nel), n. A British aquatic plant, Samolus Valerandi, called also Brook-weed. See SAMOLUS.

Water-pipe (wa'tèr-pīp), n. A pipe for the conveyance of water. See PIPE. Water-pitcher (wa'tér-pich-ér), n. 1. A pitcher for holding water.-2. The popular name of plants of the order Sarraceniaceæ, of which Sarracenia pupurea, or side-saddle flower, a plant inhabiting marshy places in North America, is the type. They have their name from the form of their leaves, which somewhat resemble that of pitchers or trumpets.

Water-plant (wa'tér-plant), n. A name common to such plants as live entirely in water, or which require a preponderating quantity of water as the medium of their existence. All the species of the orders Nymphæaceæ, Callitrichaceæ, Ceratophyllaceae, Podostemaceæ, Butomaceæ, Naiadaceæ, Pistiaceæ, Alismaceæ are water-plants as well as the species of cryptogamic plants of the family Algæ.

Water-plantain (wa'ter-plan-tán), n. The common name of various species of British plants of the genus Alisma, nat. order Alismaceæ. One species, A. Plantago (great water-plantain), is a common wild plant in wet ditches and by river sides. Water-plate (wa'tér-plat), n.

A plate with

a double bottom, filled with hot water to keep food warm.

This kind of dish above all, requires to be served up hot, or sent off in water-plates. Lamb.

action. [Rare. ]

WATER-SNAKE

'Violent water-quakes.' Holland. Water-qualm (wa'têr-kwäm), n. See WATER-BRASH.

Water-quintain† (wa'tér-kwin-tân), n. A tilt on the water. Strutt.

Water-rabbit (wa'tér-rab-bit), n. An American variety of rabbit (Lepus aquaticus), remarkable for swimming and diving in water. It is found chiefly in Louisiana and Mississippi. Called also Swamp-hare. Water-radish (wa'ter-rad-ish), n. A species of water-cress, Nasturtium amphibium. Water-rail (wa'tér-rál), n. A bird of the genus Rallus; the R. aquaticus. See RAL

LUS.

Water-ram (wa'tèr-ram), n. A machine for raising water, otherwise called the Hydraulic Ram. See under RAM. Water-rat (wa'ter-rat), n. A rodent animal of the genus Arvicola (A. amphibia) and family Muridae, which lives in the banks of streams or lakes. Called also Water-vole. (See VOLE.) The name water-rat is also given to the Tasmanian beaver-rat (Hydromis chrysogaster). See BEAVER-RAT. Water-rate (wa'tér-rát), n. A rate or tax for the supply of water.

Water-ret (wa'tér-ret), v.t. To ret or rot in water, as hemp; to water-rot. Water-rice (wa'tér-ris), n. In bot. Indian rice, a grass of the genus Zizania (Z. aquatica).

Water-rocket (wa'ter-rok-et), n. 1. A plant of the genus Nasturtium, a species of watercress. 2. A kind of firework to be discharged in the water.

Water-room (wa'tèr-röm), n. The space in a steam-boiler occupied by water, as distinct from the steam-room or that which contains steam.

Water-rot (wa'tèr-rot), v.t. To rot by steeping in water; to water-ret; as, to water-rot hemp or flax.

Water-rugt (wa'tér-rug), n. A species of dog.

Hounds and greyhounds, mongrels, spaniels, curs, Shoughs, water-rugs, and demiwolves, are clept All by the name of dogs. Shak Water-sail (wa'tèr-sal), n. Naut. a small sail used in very light airs and smooth water under a studding-sail or driver-boom. Water-sallow (wa'ter-sal-lō), n. See WATERA pre

WILLOW.

Shak.

2. A chamber-pot. Water-power (wa'tèr-pon-ér), n. The power of water employed or capable of being employed as a prime mover in machinery. Water-pox (wa'ter-poks), n. In pathol. varicella, a variety of chicken-pox. Water-privilege (wa'ter-priv-i-lej), n. 1. The right to use running water to turn machinery.-2. A stream or body of water capable of being utilized in driving machinery. Waterproof (wa'tér-prof), a. Impervious to water; so firm and compact as not to admit water; as, waterproof cloth, leather, or felt. Many solutions and compositions have been employed for the purpose of rendering cloth and other things water-proof, but caoutchouc or india-rubber has now nearly superseded all other agents for this purpose. Waterproof (wa'ter-prof), 'n. Cloth rendered waterproof; an over-coat or other article of dress made of such cloth. And, moodily retired within caps and water proofs, we plashed onwards. IV. H. Russell. To render Waterproof (wa'tér-pröf), v.t. impervious to water, as cloth, leather, &c. Waterproofing (wa'tèr-prof-ing), n. 1. The act of rendering impervious to water.2. Any substance, as caoutchouc, a solution of soap and alum, or of isinglass with infusion of galls, for rendering cloth, leather, &c., impervious or nearly impervious to

water.

Water-purpie (wa'tèr-pur-pi), n. [That is, water-purple, from its colour.] A species of Veronica (V. Beccabunga) found in moist places; brook-lime. [Scotch.]

Cresses or water-purpie, and a bit oat-cake can serve the master for breakfast as weel as Caleb. Sir II'. Scott. Water-purslane (wa'ter-pèrs-lán), n. An annual plant of the genus Peplis, P. Portula.

Water-quake (wa'ter-kwāk), n. A violent disturbance of water produced by volcanic

cious stone of an intense blue colour and transparent, found in small rolled masses in Ceylon. It is a variety of iolite consisting of silica, alumina, magnesia, with a small proportion of protoxide of iron and a trace of manganese. Called also Sapphire d'eau.

Waterscape (wa'tèr-skap), n. [Water, and the -scape of landscape.] In the fine arts, a water or sea view as distinguished from a landscape; a seascape. [Rare.] Water-scorpion (wa'tèr-skor-pi-on), n. See NEPIDE

Watershed (wa'ter-shed), n. [Water, and shed, a parting, line of division. See SHED, a parting.] An imaginary line or boundary which runs along the ridge of separation between adjacent seas, lakes, or river-basins, and represents the limit from which water naturally flows in opposite directions. It generally follows the line of highest elevation between the waters of whose basins it forms the drainage limit, but there are many exceptions to this rule. When a watershed casts its waters in more than two directions it is said to be quaquaversal. Called also Water-parting.

Water-shield (wa'tèr-shëld), n. A name common to aquatic plants of the order Hydropeltidæ or Cabobombaceæ, from the shield-shaped floating leaves. Water-shoot (wa'ter-shot), n. 1. A sprig or shoot from the root or stock of a tree. [Provincial English.]-2. A wooden trough for discharging water from a building. Guilt. Water-shrew (wa'tèr-shró), n. An insectivorous aquatic animal, the Sorex fodiens. Water-shutt (wa'tér-shut), n. A well-cover. A large well-squared stone, which he would cut To serve his style, or for some water-shut. W. Browne Water-side (water-sid), n. The brink of water; bank or margin of a river, stream, or lake; the sea-shore. Water-snail (wa'têr-snål), n. 1. A name common to a group of gasteropodous molluscs inhabiting water.-2. The Archimedean screw. [Rare.]

Water-snake (wa'têr-snák), n. A snake that frequents the water; a name common

WATER-SOAK

to the numerous species of the family Hydrida.

Water-soak (wa'ter-sok), v.t. To soak or fill the interstices of with water. Water-sodden (wa'ter-sod-n), a. Soaked and softened in water. Tennyson. Water-soldier (wa'ter-sol-jer), n. A plant, Stratiotes aloides. Called also Water-aloe. See STRATIOTES.

Water-spaniel (wa'tér-span-yel), n.

The

name given to two varieties of the dog called spaniel, viz. the large water-spaniel and the small water-spaniel. See SPANIEL. Water-speedwell (wa'ter-sped-wel), n. A plant of the genus Veronica, the V. maritima.

Water-spider (wa'ter-spi-der), n. A name common to the spiders constituting the family Natantes (which see). Called also Water-tick.

Water-spout (wa'ter-spout), n. A remarkable meteorological phenomenon frequently observed at sea, and exactly analogous to the whirlwinds experienced on land. It occurs when opposite winds of different temperatures meet in the upper atmosphere, whereby a great amount of vapour is condensed into a thick black cloud, to which a vertical motion is given. This vertical motion causes it to take the form of a vast funnel, which, descending near the surface of the sea, draws up the water in its vortex, which joins in its whirling motion. The whole column, which after the junction extends from the sea to the clouds, assumes a magnificent appearance, being of a light colour near its axis, but dark along the sides.

Water-spout.

When acted on by the wind the column assumes a position oblique to the horizon, but in calm weather it maintains its vertical position, while at the same time it is carried along the surface of the sea. Sometimes the upper and lower parts move with different velocities, causing the parts to separate from each other, often with a loud report. The whole of the vapour is at length absorbed in the air, or it descends to the sea in a heavy shower of rain. Sudden gusts of wind, from all points of the compass, are very common in the vicinity of water-spouts. What are sometimes called water-spouts on land are merely heavy falls of rain of a very local character, and may or may not be accompanied with whirling winds. They occur generally during thunder-storms, and differ only from severe hail-storms in point of temperature.

Water-sprite (wa'ter-sprit), n. A sprite or spirit inhabiting the water."

As if it dodged a water-sprite,

It plunged, and tacked, and veered. Coleridge. Water-standingt (wa'ter-stand-ing), a. Wet with water; perpetually filled with tears. 'An orphan's water-standing eye.' Shak. [Rare.]

Water-starwort (wa'ter-stär-wert), n. The common name of British plants of the genus Callitriche. See STARWORT. Water-stead (wa'ter-sted), n. An old name for the bed of a river. Admiral Smyth. Water-supply (wa'ter-sup-pli), n. The amount of water supplied to a community for drinking, culinary, detergent, and other purposes; as, the water-supply of a town. Water-tabby (wa'ter-tab-i), n. A waved silk stuff. See TABBY.

Water-table (wa'ter-ta-bl), n. In arch. a string-course moulding, or other projection, so placed as to throw off water from a building. Water-tank (wa'ter-tangk), n. A fixed cistern on shore, or a metal receiver on board ship, for holding water. Simmonds. Water-tap (wa'tèr-tap), n. A tap or cock by which water may be drawn from any supply.

Water-tath (wa'ter-tath), n. [Water, and

605

Prov. tath, cow's or sheep's dung dropped on the pasture, hence the luxuriant grass growing about such dung: Icel. tath, dung, tatha, hay of a dunged field.] A species of coarse grass growing in wet grounds, and supposed to be injurious to sheep. [Provincial English.]

Water-thermometer (wa'ter-thér-momet-ér), n. An instrument, in which water is substituted for mercury, for ascertaining the precise degree of temperature at which water attains its maximum density. This is at 392 F. or 4° C., and from that point downwards to 32° F. or 0° C., or the freezingpoint, it expands, and it also expands from the same point upwards to 212° F. or 100° C., or the boiling-point. See WATER. Water-thief (wa'ter-thef), n. A pirate.

Shak.

Water-tick (wa'tér-tik), n. Same as Waterspider.

Water-tight (wa'ter-tit), a. So tight as to retain or not to admit water; as, a vessel, tube, or joint is water-tight when it has that degree of closeness which prevents the passage of water.

Water-trefoil (wa'tér-tre-foil), n. A plant, Menyanthes trifoliata. Called also Marshtrefoil, Bog-bean or Buck-bean. See MENY

ANTHES.

Water-trunk (wa'tér-trungk), n. A deal cistern lined with lead to hold water. Simmonds.

Water-tupelo (wa-tér-tü'pe-lo), n. A large species of tupelo, Nyssa denticulata, growing in swamps in the southern parts of the United States, the fruit of which is sometimes used for a preserve. Water-tuyere (wa'ter-twi-yar), n. In metal. a tuyere so constructed that cold water is made to flow in a continuous stream around a blast of air. Written also Water-twyer. Water-twist (wa'tèr-twist), n. A kind of cotton twist: so called from being first made by the water-frame, the motive power of which was a water-wheel.

Water-twyer (wa'ter-twi-ér), n. See WATER

TUYERE

Water-vascular (wa'ter-vas-ku-lér), a. In physiol. applied to a peculiar system of canals in the bodies of the members of the sub-kingdom Annuloida, by which water circulates through the system. Water-violet (wa-ter-vi'o-let), n. A plant, Hottonia palustris. See FEATHER-FOIL. Water-vole (wa'tér-vol), n. A water-rat. See VOLE.

Water-wagtail (wa-ter-wag'tāl), n. See WAGTAIL.

Weak as

Water-way (wa'ter-wa), n. 1. That part of a river, arm of the sea, &c., through which vessels enter or depart; the fair-way.-2. In ship-building, a name given to the thick planks at the outside of the deck, wrought over the ends of the beams, and fitting against the inside of the top-timbers, to which, as well as to the ends of the beams, they are bolted, and thus form an important binding. Their inner edge is hollowed out to form a channel for water to run off the deck. In iron vessels the water-way assumes many different forms. Water-weak (wa'ter-wek), a. water; very feeble or weak. If lustie now, forthwith am water-weak.' Davies. Water-weed (wa'ter-wed), n. A common name for aquatic wild plants generally, but specifically applied to Anacharis Alsinastrum, or water-thyme. See ANACHARIS. Water-wheel (wa'ter-whel), n. In hydrau lics, (a) a kind of wheel for raising water in large quantities, as the Persian wheel. See under PERSIAN. (b) A wheel moved by water, and employed to turn machinery. There are four principal kinds of waterwheels, the overshot wheel, the undershot wheel, the breast-wheel, and the turbine. See these terms. (c) The paddle-wheel of a

steamer.

Water-willow (wa'ter-wil-lo), n. A plant of the genus Salix, the S. aquatica; called also Water-sallow.

Water-wing (wa'ter-wing), n. A wall erected on the bank of a river, next to a bridge, to secure the foundations from the action of the current.

Water-with (wa'ter-with), n. [With in this word withy. See WITHY.] A species of vine (Vitis caribea) which grows in the West Indies in parched districts. It is so full of clear sap or water that, by cutting a piece 2 or 3 yards long, and merely holding

WATTLE-BARK

the cut end to the mouth, a plentiful draught is obtained.

Water-work (wa'ter-werk), n. 1.t Cloth painted with water-colour, size, or distemper, formerly sometimes used for hangings instead of tapestry, and for tents.

For thy walls, a pretty slight drollery, or the German hunting in water-work, is worth a thousand of these bed-hangings, and these fly-bitten tapestries. Shak.

The king for himself had a house of timber, &c., and for his other lodgings, he had great and goodlie tents of blew water-worke, garnished with yellow and white. Holinshed.

2. Ornamental wall-painting in distemper. Weale.-3. pl. (a) A term commonly applied to the aggregate of constructions and appliances for the collection, preservation, and distribution of water for domestic purposes, for the working of machinery, or the like, for the use of communities. (b) The structure or structures in which a spout, jet, or shower of water is produced; an ornamental fountain or fountains; also, an exhibition or exhibitions of the play of founWater-worm (wa'ter-werm), n. The poputains. Bp. Wilkins. lar name for one of the Naïdidæ. Water-worn (wa'ter-worn), a. Worn by the action of water; especially, smoothed by the force or action of running water or water in motion; as, water-worn pebbles. Waterwort (wa'ter-wert), n. The common name of two British species of aquatic plants of the genus Elatine. See ELATINE. Water-wraith (wa'ter-rath), n. A supposed water-spirit, whose appearance prognosticates death or woe to the person seeing it.

By this the storm grew loud apace,

The water-wraith was shrieking. Campbell. Watery (wa'tér-i), a. 1. Of or pertaining to The watery god

water.

Roll'd from a silver urn his crystal flood. Dryden. 2. Resembling water; thin or transparent, as a liquid; as, watery humours. The oily and watery parts of the aliment.' Arbuthnot.-3. Consisting of water. From your watery grave.' Shak. The watery plain.' Byron. Chasms and watery depths." Coleridge.-4. Abounding in, filled with, or containing water; wet; moist. The chaste beams of the watery moon.' Shak. 'Her watery eyes.' Beau. & Fl We'll use this unwholesome humidity, this gross watery pumpion. Shak.

5. Tasteless; insipid; vapid; spiritless; as, watery turnips.-6. Having a longing desire; vehemently desiring; watering.

What will it be,

When that the watery palate tastes indeed Love's thrice repured nectar?

streams.

Shak.

7. In her. a term sometimes used for Undé or Wavy-Watery fusion, in chem. the fusion or dissolution of a soluble salt containing water of crystallization in its own water on being exposed to heat. Water-yam (wa'tèr-yam), n. A Madagascar plant, the lattice-leaf or lace-leaf (Ouvirandra fenestralis), which grows in running It has a root-stock about 6 or 9 inches long and about the thickness of a man's thumb, which is farinaceous and used for food. See LATTICE-LEAF. Wattle (wot'l), n. [A. Sax. wætel, watul, a wattle, a hurdle, a covering, a tile, a dim. form akin to withe, withy (which see). 'The original sense is something twined or woven together; hence it came to mean a hurdle woven with twigs, or a bag of woven stuff: hence the baggy flesh on a bird's neck.' Skeat.] 1. A hurdle made of interwoven rods or wands.-2. A rod laid on a roof to support the thatch. Simmonds.-3. The fleshy lobe that grows under the throat of the domestic fowl, or any appendage of the like kind, as an excrescence about the mouth of some fishes.-4. A name given to various Australian and New Zealand species of acacia, which yield gummy and astringent matters, and whose bark is therefore sometimes imported for tanning. A. mollissima is called silver wattle; A. affinis, black wattle.

Wattle (wot'l), v. t. pret, & pp. wattled; ppr. wattling. 1. To bind with twigs.-2. To twist or interweave; to interlace; to plat; to form a kind of net-work with flexible branches; as, to wattle a hedge.-3. To form by platting twigs. The folded flocks penn'd in their wattled cotes.' Milton. 'The thickfleeced sheep from wattled folds.' Byron. Wattle-bark (wot'l-bärk), n. A bark used for tanning, obtained from several species

WATTLE-BIRD

of Mimosa growing in Australia and New Zealand.

Wattle-bird (wot'l-bêrd), n. 1. An Australian bird (Anthochora carunculata) belonging to the Melophagidæ or honey-eaters, and so named from the large reddish wattles on its neck. It is about the size of a magpie, is of bold, active habits, has a loud disagreeable note, and lives on the honey and insects it obtains from the Banksias.-2. The brush-turkey.

Wattled (wot'ld), a. Furnished with wattles, as a cock or turkey.- Wattled and combed, in her. said of a cock when the gills and comb are borne of a different tincture from that of the body.

Wattle-turkey (wot'l-tér-ki), n. Same as Brush-turkey.

Wattling (wot'ling), n. The act of platting or interweaving wattles together; also, the framework thus formed.

Wauch, Waugh (wach), a. [Akin to D. walg, loathing, walgen, to loathe; comp. A. Sax. wealy, Icel. valgr, lukewarm.] Unpleasant to the taste or smell; nauseous; bad; worthless. [Scotch.]

Waucht, Waught (wacht), n. [Modified from older quaght, a form of quaff.] A large draught of any liquid. [Scotch.] Wauff (waf), a. See WAFF. Waukrife (wak'rif), a.

[Scotch.]

Wakeful.

Burns.

Waul (wal), v.i. To cry as a cat; to squall. The helpless infant, coming wauling and crying into the world.' Sir W. Scott. Waur (war), a. Worse. 'Murder and waur than murder.' Sir W. Scott. [Scotch.] Waur (war), v.t. To overcome; to worst. [Scotch.]

Wave (wav), n. [O.E. wawe, from A. Sax. wag, a wave, a word perhaps allied to the verb to wag; Icel. vágr, G. wage, D. vove, a wave; the form of the word in English has been modified by the verb to wave, so that wave the noun may be regarded as a kind of hybrid word. See WAVE, v.t.] 1. An undulation, swell, or ridge on the surface of water or other liquid resulting from the oscillatory motion of its component particles, when disturbed from their position of rest by any force; especially, the rolling swell produced on the surface of the sea or other large body of water by the action of the wind; a billow; a surge. When the surface of a liquid is pressed down at any part, the adjoining parts rise, but sink again by the action of gravity; and acquiring a momentum proportionate to the mass and height, descend below the original level, displacing other parts near them, which rise and sink in a similar manner. The result is a reciprocating motion, the particles to which the primitive impulse was communicated being alternately the lowest and the highest, forming the series of ridges and hollows called waves. Where the depth of the liquid is invariable over its extent, or sufficient to allow the oscillations to proceed unimpeded, no progressive motion takes place, each ridge or column being kept in its place by the pressure of the adjacent columns. Should, however, free oscillation be prevented, as by the shelving of the shore, the columns in the deep water are not balanced by those in the shallower parts, and they thus acquire a progressive motion towards the latter, or take the form of breakers, hence the waves always roll in a direction towards the shore, no matter from what point the wind may blow. When waves are produced by the disturbance of a small quantity of the liquid, as when a pebble is thrown into a pool, they appear to advance from the disturbed point in widening concentric circles, the height of the wave decreasing gradually as it recedes from the centre; but there is no progressive motion of the liquid itself, as is shown by any body floating on its surface. The whole seems to roll onwards, but, in reality, each particle of water only oscillates with a vertical ascent and descent. The height of the wave depends in a great measure on the depth of the water in which it is produced. The waves of the ocean have been known in some instances to have reached a height of 43 feet, measured from the trough to the crest. The horizontal pressure of a strong Atlantic wave, as tested by Stephenson's marine dynamometer, has been recorded as high as 3 tons to the square foot. It is a matter of common observation that a wave of much greater dimension than others occurs at certain intervals, rolling much higher on the shore than those im

606

mediately preceding or following it, or breaking with immense force over the decks of vessels on the open sea. This is caused when several coexisting series of waves moving with different velocities meet, and the crests of two or three of them become superimposed upon each other. Several series of waves moving in different directions may also coexist without destroying each other, giving rise to the chopping seas or cross swells so troublesome to mariners. The length of a wave is equal to the space between the most elevated points of two adjoining waves, or between the lowest points of two adjoining hollows. A wave is said to have passed through its length when its elevated part has arrived at the place where the elevated part of the next wave stood before; or, the situation of two contiguous waves being given, when one of these has arrived at the place of the other; and the time which is employed in this transition is called the time of a wave's motion or the time of an undulation. The velocity of a wave is the rate at which the points of greatest elevation or depression seem to change their places. - Tidal wave. See TIDE-WAVE.-2. In physics, a vibration propagated from one set of particles of an elastic medium to the adjoining set, and so on; sometimes, but not always, accompanied with a small permanent displacement of such particles. The theory of the motion of waves is of great importance in physical science; since, not only is it connected with the phenomena of the waves of the ocean ordinarily produced by the wind, the tidal wave, &c., it has also a close relation to the phenomena of undulating musical strings, the undulations in solids, as in earthquake waves, &c., while we know that sounds in air are propagated as waves, and that even light is now generally held to be a form of wave-motion. See SOUND, LIGHT, UNDULATORY.-3. Water. [Poetical.]

Build a ship to save thee from the flood,
I'll furnish thee with fresh wave, bread and wine.
Chapman.
Deep drank Lord Marmion of the wave.

The

Sir W. Scoti. 4. Anything resembling a wave in character or appearance; as, (a) one of a series of undulating inequalities on a surface; a swelling outline; an undulation. The bounteous wave of such a breast.' Tennyson. thousand waves of wheat. Tennyson. (b) That which advances and recedes, rises and falls, comes and goes, or increases and diminishes with some degree or regular recurrence like a wave. Old recurring waves of prejudice;' the holy organ rolling waves of sound;' waves of shadow.' Tennyson. (c) The undulating line or streak of lustre on cloth watered and calendered. 5. A waving or undulating motion; a signal made by waving the hand, a flag, or the like.

Wave (wav), v.i. pret. & pp. waved; ppr. waving. [O.E. waven, to wave in the wind; A. Sax. wafian, which seems to have been used rather in sense of waver or hesitate through astonishment than in physical sense; allied to Icel. veifa, to wave, to vibrate, vafi, doubt, uncertainty, vajra, to hover about; 0.G. waben, to fluctuate. Waver is a derivative form. ] 1. To move loosely one way and the other; to fluctuate; to float or flutter; to undulate. Even as the waving sedges play with wind.' Shak.

Sound trumpets! let our bloody colours wave! Shak. Nor waves the cypress in the palace walk. Tennyson. 2. To be moved as a signal; to beckon. A bloody arm it is, . . . and now It waves unto us.

B. Jonson.

WAVY

5. To signify or command by a waving motion; to indicate by a wave of the hand, &c.; to give a waving signal for. She spoke, and bowing, waved dismissal.' Tennyson.

Wave (wav), v.t. Same as Waive in its various senses; as, (a) to cast away; to reject. (b) To relinquish, as a right or claim. (c) To depart from, abandon, or quit. Wave, pret. of weave. Wove. Chaucer. Wave-borne (wāv'börn), a. Borne or carried on or by the waves. Waved (wavd),a. 1. In her. the same as Wavy or Undé.-2. Variegated in lustre; as, waved silk.-3. In bot. undate.-4. In entom. applied to insects when the margin of the body is marked with a succession of arched segments or incisions.

Wave-length (wav'length), n. The distance between the crests of two adjacent waves or between the lowest parts of the depressions on each side of a wave. See WAVE.

Waveless (wȧv'les), a. Free from waves; not waving; undisturbed; unagitated; still; as, the waveless sea. Smoother than this waveless spring.' Peele.

The bannered blazonry hung waveless as a pall. R. H. Barham. Wavelet (wav'let), n. A small wave; a ripple on water.

Sir H. Taylor.

In a million wavelets tipped with gold Leapt the soft pulses of the sunlit sea. Wavellite (wa'vel-it), n. [From Dr. Wavel, the discoverer.] A mineral, a phosphate of aluminium, commonly found in crystals, which usually adhere and radiate, forming hemispherical or globular concretions froni a very small size to 1 inch in diameter The form of the crystal is usually that of a rhombic prism with dihedral terminations. It occurs at Barnstaple in Devonshire, in Cornwall, near Cork in Ireland, in Germany. Brazil, &c. It has also been called Hydrargillite.

Wave-loaf (wǎvlōf), n. A loaf for a waveoffering.

Wave-motion (wāv’mō-shon), n. Motion in curves alternately concave and convex like that of the waves of the sea; undulatory motion. See WAVE, 2.

Wave-offering (wav'of-fèr-ing), n. In the Jewish ceremonial worship, an offering made with waving towards the four cardinal points. Ex. xxix. 26, 27.

Waver (wa'ver), v.i. [A freq. corresponding to the verb to wave, to fluctuate = Icel. vajra, to hover. (See WAVE.) Akin to 0.G. waberen, to move to and fro; D. weifelen, to totter, to hesitate.] 1. To play or move to and fro; to move one way and the other; to flutter. 'Baners and penons waveryng with the wynde.' Berners.

From the high tree the blossom wavering fell. Tennyson 2. To be unsettled in opinion; to be undetermined; to fluctuate; to vacillate; as, to Shak waver in opinion; to waver in faith. Let us hold fast the profession of our faith without wavering. Heb. x 3

3. To be in danger of falling or failing; to totter; to reel.

senses.

Like the day of doom it seemed to her wavering Longfellow. Wavert (wa'vėr), n. [Probably from wave, v.i.] A sapling or young timber tree. Ecelyn. Waverer (wa'ver-ér), n. One who wavers; one who is unsettled in doctrine, faith, or opinion. Shak. In a wa

Waveringly (wa'ver-ing-li), adv. vering, doubtful, fluctuating manner. Waveringness (wä’vèr-ing-nes), n. State or quality of being wavering.

A

Waveson (wav'son), n. [Perhaps connected with waive, waif, rather than ware.} name given to goods which after shipwreck appear floating on the sea. Wave-worn (wav'worn), n. Worn by the waves. The shore that o'er his wave-worn basis bow'd.' Shak.

Waviness (wa'vi-nes), n. The state or quality of being wavy or undulating. Wavy (wa'vi), a. 1. Rising or swelling in waves; full of waves.

Thirtie hollow-bottom'd barkes divide the tre Chapman

seas.

2. Showing undulations or fluctuations of any kind; undulating.

Let her glad valleys smile with wary corn. Prior. Swarms of minnows show their little heads Staying their wavy bodies 'gainst the streams.

Keats 3. In bot. undulating on the border or on the surface.-4. In her. same as Unde (which see).

WAWE

Wawe, Wawi (wą), n. A wave. Spenser.
Wawli (wal), v.i. To cry.
See WAUL.
Wawl, Waul (wal), v.i." [Perhaps akin to
A. Sax wealwian, to roll, E. to wallow, or
to wall in wall-eyed.] To look wildly; to
roll the eyes. [Scotch.]

He wawls on me with his grey een, like a wild cat.
Sir W. Scott.

It

Wawlie (wa'li), a. Same as Waly. Wax (waks). 11. [A. Sax. weax, G. wachs, Icel. and Sw. vax, Dan. vox, D. vas; cog. Pol. vosk, Rus. voska, Lith. waszkas-wax. Comp. L. viscum, G. ixos (fixos), mistletoe, birdlime.] 1. A thick, viscid, tenacious substance, excreted by bees from their bodies, and employed in the construction of their cells; usually called Bees' wax. Its native colour is yellow, and it has a peculiar smell resembling honey, which is derived from the honey deposited in the cells. When bleached and freed from impurities, wax is white, brittle, and translucent in thin segments; it has neither taste nor smell; it has a specific gravity of from 0·960 to 0·966. melts at 158° and softens at 86°, becoming so plastic that it may be moulded by the hand into any form. It is a mixture of three substances, called respectively myricin, cerotic acid, and cerolein, in very variable proportions. These substances are themselves composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Wax is extensively employed both in its original and bleached state; in the latter state it is used for candles, and in numerous cerates, ointments, and plasters. It is also used in forming figures or images, busts, &c., in the preparation of anatomical models, in the preparation of artificial fruit, flowers, &c. In statuary it is used in making models for the metal cast. -2. Any substance resembling wax in appearance, consistence, plasticity, or other properties; as, (a) a vegetable product which may be regarded as a concrete fixed oil; the principal varieties being Chinese wax, cow-tree wax, Cuba wax, and Japan wax. It may be obtained from the pollen of many flowers, and it forms a part of the green fecula of many plants, particularly of the cabbage. It appears as a varnish upon the fruit and the upper surface of the leaves of many trees, as in the wax-palm and wax-myrtle. Called also Vegetable Wax. (b) A mineral product, one of certain fossil hydrocarbons which occur in small quantities generally in the carboniferous formation: called more fully Mineral Wax. The most familiarly known variety is ozocerite (which see). (c) A thick tenacious substance excreted in the ear; earwax. (d) A substance found on the hinder legs of bees, derived from the pollen of flowers. This was long supposed to be the substance from which bees elaborated the wax for their cells, but this notion is now found to be erroneous. The pollen collected by bees serves for the nourishment of their larvæ. (e) A substance used in sealing letters. See SEALING-WAX. (f) A thick resinous substance used by shoemakers for rubbing their thread.

Wax (waks), v. t. To smear or rub with wax; to apply wax to; to treat with wax; as, to wax a thread or a table.

Wax (waks), v.i. pret. waxed; pp. waxed or waxen (the latter perhaps now only poetical) [A. Sax. weaxan, to grow, to become; Icel. vara, Dan. være, Sw. växa, G. wachsen, D wassen, to wax; allied to L. augeo, Skr. vakshámi, to increase, to wax; from a root seen also in L. vigor, E. vigour, vegetable, &c.] 1. To increase in size; to grow; to become larger; as, the waxing and the waning moon. Waxed like a sea.' Shak.

Thou shalt wax and he shall dwindle. Tennyson. 2. To pass from one state to another; to become; as, to wax strong; to wax warm or cold; to wax feeble; to wax old. • Waxen deaf. Shak. Waxing pale for rage' Fairfax.

Where young Adonts oft reposes,
Waxing well of his deep wound.

Milton.

Men have marble, women waxen hearts. Shak. 3. Covered with wax; as, a waxen tablet. Waxen (wak'sn), old or poetical pp. of wax, to grow. Gen. xix. 13. Wax-end, Waxed-end (waks'end, wakst'end), n. A thread pointed with a bristle, and covered with rosin (shoemakers' wax), used in sewing boots and shoes. Wax-flower (waks'flou-ér), n. 1. A flower made of bees'-wax.-2. A plant of the genus Clusia, C. insignis. See CLUSIA. Waxiness (wak'si-nes), n. quality of being waxy. Wax-insect (waks'in-sekt), n.

The state or

A name

given to several insects other than the bee which produce wax. The most important is a small white insect (Coccus sinensis or C. Pela), a native of China, closely allied to the cochineal insect, and which deposits its wax as a coating resembling hoar-frost on the branches of certain plants, particularly on those of a variety of sumach. The wax, known as Chinese wax or pela, is collected from the plants, melted, and strained, and is then made into a very fine kind of candles which are used by only the higher classes in China. It has been imported into England for candle manufacture, but is far too expensive for general use.

Wax-light (waks'lit), n. A taper made of wax. Milman.

Wax-modelling (waks-mod'el-ing), n. The art of forming models and figures in wax. Otherwise termed the Ceroplastic Art Wax-moth (waks'moth), n. A popular name given to various species of moths of the genera Ptychopoda, Emmelesia, Cabera, &c. Wax-myrtle (waks'mér-tl), n. Myrica cerifera, or candleberry-tree See CANDLEBERRY-TREE and MYRICACEÆ. Wax-painting (waks pant-ing), n. Encaustic painting. See ENCAUSTIC. Wax-palm (waks päm), n. A species of palm, the Ceroxylon andicola, found in South Ame rica. It is a native of the Andes, and is found chiefly between 4 and 5° of north latitude, at an elevation of about 5000 feet

Wax-palm (Ceroxylon andicola).

above the sea-level, among rugged precipices. It grows to the height of 180 feet. The trunk is marked by rings, caused by the falling off of the leaves, which are 18 to 20 feet long, and is covered with a thick secretion, consisting of two-thirds resin and onethird wax. This substance is also exuded from the leaves, is whitish, almost inodorous, except when heated, when it gives out a resinous odour. In the region in which it grows

WAY

the wax, usually mixed with bees'-wax and tallow, is made into candles. The only other palm which exudes wax, and that in a sort of scales from the palmate leaves, is the Carnauba palm, found plentifully in Brazil. Wax-paper (waks pa-pér), n. A kind of paper prepared by spreading over its surface a coating made of white wax, turpentine, and spermaceti.

Wax-red (waks'red), a. Of a bright-red colour, resembling that of sealing-wax. Waxred lips.' Shak.

Wax-scott (waks'skot), n. A duty anciently paid twice a year towards the charge of waxcandles in churches.

Wax-tree (waks'tre), n. A name common to plants of the genus Vismia (which see). Wax-wing (waks' wing), n. The common name of the species of dentirostral birds of the genus Ampelis. They are so named because most of them have small, oval, horny appendages on the secondaries of the wings of the colour of red sealing-wax. Only three species have been recorded, viz. the Bohemian wax-wing or chatterer (A. garrula), a migratory bird, which has a wide geographical range, the American wax-wing or cedarbird (A. carolinensis), which is confined to North America, and the red-winged chatterer or Japanese wax-wing (A. phenicop tera), an Asiatic bird.

Wax-work (waks'wèrk), n. 1. Work in wax: especially, figures formed of wax in imitation of real beings; also, anatomical preparations in wax, preparations in wax of fruit. flowers, &c.-2. A place where a collection of such figures is exhibited. 3. A woody plant of the genus Celastrus (C. scandens), nat. order Celastraceæ, found by the sides of streams and in thickets. Its opening. orange-coloured pods, displaying the scarlet covering of the seeds, have a fine effect in autumn.

Wax-worker (waks'wêrk-ér), n. 1. One who works in wax; a maker of wax-work.2. A bee which makes wax.

Waxy (wak'si), a. 1. Resembling wax in appearance, softness, plasticity, impressibility, adhesiveness, or other properties; hence, yielding; pliable; impressionable; soft. That the softer, waxy part of you may receive some impression from this discourse.' Hammond.-2. Made of wax; abounding in wax. Waxy degeneration. Same as Amyloid Degeneration.

Way (wa), n. [O. E. wai, wei, wey, from A. Sax. weg, a way, road, passage; Dan. vei, Sw. väg, Icel. vegr, D. and G. weg, Goth. vigs, way; from a root meaning to move, to go, to take, to carry; seen also in E. wagon, wain, L. via, a way (in viaduct), veho, to carry, whence vehiculum, a vehicle, velum, a sail (E. veil), vehemens, vehement, &c. Hence always, away, &c.] 1. A track or path along or over which one passes, progresses, or journeys; a place for passing; a path, route, road, street, or passage of any kind.

The why is as plain as way to parish church. Shak. The season and ways were very improper for his majesty's forces to march so great a distance. Evelyn

2. Length of space; distance. 'A good way on before.' Tennyson.

Thy servant will go a little way over Jordan.
1 Sain. xix. 36.

3 A going, moving, or passing from one place
to another; progression; transit; journey.
The Lord.. will send his angel with thee, and
prosper thy way.
Gen. xxiv. 40.

4. Path or course in life.

The way of transgressors is hard. Prov xiii. 15. 5. Direction of motion, progress, or travel; course; relative position or motion to or from a certain point; tendency of action. This way the coverlets, another way the sheets. Shak. Now sways it this way,... now sways it that way.' Shak Which way looks he?' Shak. Turn thy edged sword another way.' Shak.-6. Means by which anything is reached, attained, or accomplished; proceeding; course; scheme; device; plan.

By noble ways we conquest will prepare: First offer peace, and that refused, make war. Dryden. 7. Method or manner of proceeding; mode; fashion; style; as, the wrong or the right way of doing something.

I will one way or other make you amends. Shak. God hath so many times and ways spoken to men. Hooker.

His way of expressing and applying them, not his invention of them, is what we adinire. Addison.