Whom did they meet at Southampton ? From whom, did they receive a most interesting letter? In what respect, did he say, he was present with them? What, did he say, had held him back from going with them? What, does he say, we must ly renew? What pence should we seek, next after peace with God and our own consciences ? With what persons, should we especially strive to be at peace? What characters are generally most ready to give offence? At whom, should we be more esdai-pecially cautious not to take offence? concerneth your present state and condition, both severally and joint add some further spur of provocation to them that run well already; if not because you need it, yet because I owe it in love and duty. for the last time. With cheeks bedewed with tears, they commended themselves and cach other most fer-ly, yet have I thought it my duty to vently to God. Then with mutual embraces and many prayers, they parted. To many, it was a final parting on earth. A prosperous gale soon bore them to Southampton. There they found the May-renew our repentanee with flower, come from London, with the rest of their company, prepared to embark for America. Most welcome and joyful was their meeting and mutual gratulation. While at Southampton, they received a most affectionate and instructive letter from their beloved pastor. The following extracts may give some idea of its spirit and its value. "And first, as we are daily to God;-so doth the Lord call us in a particular manner, upon occasions of such difficulty and danger, as lieth upon you, to both a more narrow search and careful reformation of your ways in his sight.Sin being taken away by earnest repentance, and the pardon thereof sealed up to a man's conscience by his Spirit, great shall be his security and peace in all dangers, sweet his comforts in all distresses, with happy deliverance from all evil, whether in life or death. "Loving Christian Friends, I do heartily and in the Lord, salute you, as being those, with whom I am present in my best affections, "Next after this heavenly peace and most earnest longing after you, with God and our own consciences, though I be constrained for a while we are carefully to provide for to be bodily absent from you. I peace with all men especially with say Constrained, God knowing our associates. For that, watch how willingly, and much rather than fulness must be had, that we neither otherwise, I would have borne my do give, nor easily take offence.part with you in this first brunt, Neither yet is it sufficient, that we were I not by strong necessity, held keep ourselves by the grace of God back for the present. Make ac- from giving of offence except withal count of me in the mean time, as awe be armed against the taking of man divided in myself, with great them, when they are given by othpain, and as (natural bonds set a- $ers.side) having my better part with you. And although I doubt not, in your godly wisdoms, you both foresee and resolve upon that which ? In my own experience, few or none have been found, which sooner give offence, than such, as easily take it; neither have they proved sound or profitable members When may we be said to take offence at God? What should we store up, against the evil day? What persons, did he say, should be chosen for civil rulers? What did he say, should be yielded to civil rulers? in societies, who have nourished this touchy humor. "But besides these, there are divers motives provoking you above others, to great care and conscience this way; as first, you are many of you strangers as to the persons, so to the infirmities, one of another, and so to stand in need of more watchfulness this way-which doth require at your hand, much wisdom and charity for the covering and preventing of incident offences that way. And lastly, your intended course of civil community will minister continual occasion of offence, and will be as fuel for the fire, except you diligently quench it with brotherly forbearance. What special reason did he mention, why they should honor their rulers? Because they would be men of their own choice. In what month, did the Pilgrims embark at Southampton? What vessel then sailed in company with the Speedwell? administrations; not beholding in them, the ordinariness of their persons, but God's ordinance, for your good; not being like the foolish multitude, who more honor the gay coat, than either the virtuous mind of the man, or the glorious ordinance of God. But you know better things, and that the image of the Lord's power and authority, which the magistrate beareth, is honorable, in how mean persons so ever. And this duty you ought the more conscionably to perform, because you are (at least for the present) to have them for your ordinary governors, which yourselves shall make choice of for that work. "And if taking offence cause-ly lessly, or easily, at men's doings, be so carefully to be avoided, how much more heed is to be taken, that we take not offence at God himself. Which yet certainly we do, so oft as we do murmur at his providence in our crosses; or bear impatiently such afflictions, as wherewith he pleaseth to visit us. Store up, therefore, patience against the evil day, without which we take offence at the Lord himself in his holy and just works. 66 Lastly, whereas you are to become a body politic, using among yourselves, civil government-let your wisdom and godliness appear, not only in choosing such persons, as do entirely love, and will promote, the common good; but also in yielding unto them, all due honor and obedience in their lawful "These few things I do earnestcommend to your care and conscience, joining therewith my daily, incessant prayers unto the Lord, that he, who hath made the heavens and the earth and sea and all rivers of waters, and whose providence is over all his works, especially over all his children for good, would so guide and guard you in your ways, as inwardly by his Spirit, so outwardly by the hand of his power, as that you, and we also for and with you, may have after-matter of praising his name all the days of your and our lives. Fare you well in Him, in whom you trust, and in whom I rest. "An unfeigned well-wisher to your happy success in this hopeful Who was master of the Mayflower? Capt. Jones. Who was master of the Speedwell? What complaint did Reynolds 300n make? At what port, did they stop, to make repairs? At what port, did they next call? What was there the decision respecting the Speedwell? Principal cause of her condemnation? What was done with her passengers? How many passengers did the Mayflower then contain? On what month and day, did she sail from Plymouth? was very gratefully received; and chosen band of pilgrims had alafterwards produced the most hap-ready endured for Christ's sake; py effects. but greater still were before them. For a while indeed, they enjoyed a fine breeze and a smiling sky; but (Aug, 5, 1620, the Pilgrims embarked at Southampton, for the New World. Very soon, Mr. Rey-ere long, they were encountered by nolds, Capt. of the Speedwell, com fierce and contrary winds and trepiained, that his vessel was so leaky,mendous storms. Their crazy, that he durst not proceed. They leaky ship, seemed to say, Return; were, therefore, constrained to put and the hearts of some began actuin at Dartmouth. Having made ally to fail for fear. Having held such repairs, as were judged neces- a consultation upon the necessity of sary, and sailed about 100 leagues, returning to Europe, the Lord inReynolds again complained of the spired them with courage and resoSpeedwell; and they went in at lution to press forward, and hold Plymouth. There the poor Speed-on their way. For two months, well was searched and condemned, they were tossed and driven upon as not sea-worthy. But the true the tempestuous ocean, till at length, cause, at least the principal cause, on the 9th of Nov. they had the of her condemnation, was the un-happiness to descry the bleak and faithfulness and treachery of Rey-dreary shores of Cape Cod. The nolds and his crew, who were very part then discovered, was Sandy far from having the hearts of Puri-Point, called Cape Malabar, in tans or pilgrims. The Speedwell, however, that seems to have been most improperly named, must now be abandoned. A part of her company were dismissed, and the rest were taken on board the Mayflow-that river, therefore, they now bent er. Chatham But they were still remote from the place, which they had selected for a habitation. It was their intention to settle near the mouth of the Hudson. Toward their course. But the wintry sea And now the Mayflower, crowd-son, the stormy prospect, the "pered with 101 passengers and all ilous shoals and breakers" in their their goods, sails from Plymouth way, induced them to relinquish Sept. 6, 1620, just 128 years after their design, and seek the nearest Columbus left Gomera, on his voy-resting place, where they might Perhaps no ship has hope for tolerable accommodations. ever been honored with a richer They therefore turned back, sailed cargo, since the Savior of the world round Race Point, and after two sailed on the sea of Galilee. Great days, Nov. 11, they arrived in indeed were the trials, that this Cape Cod harbor, betwa Cape age to A. How long after Columbus first sailed from Gomera ? What kind of a voyage had the Pilgrims Stormy, dangerous and dreadful. What land did they first discover? Present name of the place? On what month and day Which way is Chatham from Wethersfield? Exactly east. How many days after they left Plymouth? In what part of the country, had the Pilgrims intended to settle ? Why did Capt. Jones steer so far north? He had been hired by the Dutch, to betray the Puritans. Why? The Dutch wished to occupy the place themselves. What prevented the Pilgrims from then proceeding to the mouth of the Hudson? When did they come to anchor? Where? In Cape Cod harbor, near Provincetown, between Cape Cod and Plymouth. How many days did the May Edward Winslow, William Brewster, Isaac Allerton, Miles Stand Cod and Plymouth. Being brought safe to anchor, they tell upon their kness, and blessed the God of hea-ish, John Alden, Samuel Fuller, ven, who had brought them over the vast and furious ocean, and delivered them from many perils and miseries. But the cup of their bitterest miscries was yet to be; mingled. They were called to endure a scene of toil, exposure, disease, suffering and death, which surpasses description. In the course of about four months, nearly one half of their little company were removed to the eternal world. † NOTE F. Names of the Plymotheans, who subscribed the Civil Compact at Cape Cod. John Carver, William Bradford, Christopher Martin, William Mullens, William White, Richard Warren, John Howland, Stephen Hopkins, Edward Tilly, John Tilly, Francis Cooke, Thomas Rogers, Thomas Tinker, John Ridgedale, Edward Fuller, John Turner, Francis Eaton, James Chilton, John Crackston, John Billington, Moses Fletcher, John Goodman, Degory Priest, Thomas Williams, Gilbert Winslow, Edmund Margeson, Peter Brown, Richard. Britteridge, George Soule, Richard Clarke, Richard Gardiner, John Allerton, Thomas English, Edward Dotey, Edward Leister. CHAPTER XX. Settlement at Plymouth. How much time did the Pilgrims spend in seeking and preparing for themselves, a habitation? Two months. What region did they first explore? The northern part of Cape Cod. On what part of Cape Cod, did they seriously think of settling? Near the mouth of Promet Creek. Where is Paomet Creek? A few miles S. E. of Cape Cod harbor. Which way from Plymouth? Nearly east. On what important expedition, did some of them set out, Dec. 6? To go round Cape Cod Bay. Present name of the place? Indian name? Nauset. The What was the issue? It appears to have been a bloodless skirmish. After exchanging a few shots, the Nausets fled. How did the adventurers proceed, after the "first encounter?" They went on board, and proceeded a little farther along by the shore, and then turned, and sailed across the bay nearly to Plymouth. What disasters did they meet with? In a storm, they lost their rudder, mast and sails, and came very near losing their lives. Where did they keep Sabbath, For what purpose? To discov-Dec. 10? At Clark's Island, near er the best place for a habitation. Plymouth. Where is Cape Cod Bay? Between Cape Cod and the rest of Ms. How great a part of Cape Cod Bay is Barnstable Bay? Nearly half. How great a part of Ms. Bay is Cape Cod Bay? Nearly half. How many set out on this important expedition? 14 Pilgrims and 4, sailors. Who were the principal characters? Carver, Bradford, Edward Winslow and, Standish. Where did they land, on Dec. 11, after leaving Clark's Island? At Plymouth. Why is this landing celebrated as THE LANDING by way of eminence? It was the first landing of any of the Pilgrims, at the oldest town in New England. How many Pilgrims, then landed? Probably 14, the same who set out on the expedition. Why is Dec. 22, observed as the anniversary of the landing? Because Dec. 22, N. S. is the same, as Dec. 11, O. S. which, was then use. How did they commence their expedition? From Cape Cod har-in bor, they proceeded towards the South, near the eastern shore of the bay. What was the state of the weather? It was so cold, that the salt water froze upon their garments. What judgment did they then form of Plymouth? They thought it was better for settlement, than any other they could there find. How did their friends at the Mayflower, receive the intelligence? In what manner, did they after-With great satisfaction. wards travel? Partly by sca, and On what month and day, did the partly by land. When did they have the first encounter with the Indians? Dec. 8. Where? On the shore, near the S. E. part of Cape Cod Bay. Mayflower leave Cape Cod harbor? Dec. 15. How soon did they anchor in Plymouth harbor? The next day. How far from the place, where |