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THE COPYRIGHT LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES.

EVERY applicant for a copyright must state distinctly the name and residence of the claimant, and whether the right is claimed as author, designer, or proprietor. No affidavit or formal application is required.

A printed copy of the title of the book, map, chart, dramatic or musical composition, engraving, cut, print, or photograph, or a description of the painting, drawing, chromo, statue, statuary, or model or design for a work of the fine arts, for which copyright is desired, must be sent by mail or otherwise, prepaid, addressed "LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, WASHINGTON, D. C." This must be done before publication of the book or other article.

A fee of 50 cents, for recording the title of each book or other article, must be inclosed with the title as above, and 50 cents in addition (or one dollar in all) for each certificate of copyright under seal of the Librarian of Congress, which will be transmitted by return mail.

Within ten days after publication of each book or other article, two complete copies must be sent prepaid, to perfect the copyright, with the address "LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, WASHINGTON, D. C."

Without the deposit of copies above required the copyright is void, and a penalty of $25 is incurred.

No copyright is valid unless notice is given by inserting in every copy published, "Entered according to act of Congress, in the year by in the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington" or, at the option of the person entering the copyright, the words: Copyright, 18-, by

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The law imposes a penalty of $100 upon any person who has not obtained copyright who shall insert the notice "Entered according to act of Congress," or "Copyright," or words of the same import, in or upon any book or other article.

Each copyright secures the exclusive right of publishing the book or article copyrighted for the term of twenty-eight years. Six months before the end of that time, the author or designer, or his widow or children, may secure a renewal for the further term of fourteen years, making forty-two years in all.

Any copyright is assignable in law by any instrument of writing, but such assignment must be recorded in the office of the Librarian of Congress within sixty days from its date. The fee for this record and certificate is one dollar.

A copy of the record (or duplicate certificate) of any copyright entry will be furnished, under seal, at the rate of fifty cents.

Copyrights cannot be granted upon Trade-marks, nor upon Labels intended to be used with any article of manufacture. If protection for such prints or labels is desired, application must be made to the Patent Office, where they are registered at a fee of $5 for labels and $25 for trade-marks.

PATENTS ISSUED IN 1876 TO RESIDENTS OF EACH STATE. The proportion of patents to population is shown in last column.

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COTTON CROP OF THE UNITED STATES FOR 48 YEARS.

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DEBTS, REVENUES, EXPENDITURES, AND COMMERCE OF NATIONS.

Compiled from the Almanach de Gotha, the Statistical Abstract of the United Kingdom, and from Official Documents. The figures are for the latest attainable years as to each country.

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Ecuador..

Egypt..

France.

Germany

Greece..

17,500,000 20,800,000 21,500,455 450,540,000 54,820,818 54,737,670 4,695,600,000 514,605,716 519,334,162 30,000,000 135,584,249 135,000,000 918,850,000 608,200,000 Gt. Britain & Ireland. 3,625,296,585 392,825,180 390,626,140 1,869.695,885 1,283,883,010

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40,012,000 7,765,360 7,832,768 790,035,000 713,978,200 460,000 1,580,000 4,580,000

1,811,770 2,241,040

179,000,000 282,600,000 265,899,000 243,371,000 24,087,515 27,669,465

548,022 504,095 460,000 1,682,000 2,090,000 274,358,915 106,069,258 116,902,036 576,634,330 252,649,885 272,503,145 1,977,117,845 279,550,000 278,121,440 148,924,725 63,120,600 62,993,850 2,400,000 1,438,660 1,409,344 395,500,000 23,807,671 24,891,522 391,242,322 43,973,345 11,364,220

7,596,264

3,913,536

29,000,000

68,000,000

4,111,000

9,280,000

Paraguay.

Peru..

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RANKS AND NUMBER PENSIONED FOR EACH RANK OF THE ARMY, JUNE 30, 1877.

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82 398 462 534 229 3,851 140 3,533 273 2,611 195,140 211,254

Total..

NOTE.-Those pensioned for service in the War of 1812 (17,114) are not included in the above.
The above does not include the pay of officers retired from service.

COUNTRIES.

PRICES OF GOVERNMENT LOANS IN LONDON, DEC. 1, 1877. Compiled from the Investor's Monthly Manual, issued by The Economist, London.

Interest,

per cent. Issue Price.

Selling

Price.

COUNTRIES.

Interest,

per cent.

Selling
Issue
Price.

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Price.

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HIGHEST AND LOWEST PRICES OF ACTIVE STOCKS AT THE NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE FROM 1860 to 1877.

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