his countrymen. A long list of other noted and worthy sons might easily be added. In Cleveland, the same high record obtains. In music, medicine, art, learning, the trades-in short, in every walk of life, honest and patriotic Germans are found, good in their ability and willingness to work, good in their husbanding of resources, good in their sturdy thrift, good in their splendid accomplishments and business ability, and, above all, good in their devotion to law and order and the common good.

Our German population, as given by the City Directory of 1832, was 1,472, out of a total of 10,135. It is estimated now that we have in the neighborhood of 100,000 Germans within the city's walls. We are gratified by this showing. They come to us imbued with patriotism, are always willing and ready to co-operate in maintaining good government, and are ever peaceable and prosperous themselves. There is a kinship in intelligence, in industry, and in love of freedom between every true German and every American.

Comprising almost one-third of the city's entire population, you have probably had more to do with the building up of its public institutions and quasi-public enterprises than perhaps any other single nationality. Your influence has been beneficent, not only upon the city, but upon the State at large.

It is fitting and proper that this Centennial anniversary should be opened with religious observances as has been the case to-day. The influence of the pious lives of our New England forefathers has been manifest all through the city's history. We cannot pay too high a tribute to their honesty and worth. We owe them a debt of gratitude both lasting and deep.

We are upon the threshold of a second century of the city's existence. If the advancement of the first is equaled by the second, there surely will be occasion for new congratulations. Each citizen should do his part. To live for each day and to do that right is the best that any can do. Cleveland-her noble past, her great present, her splendid future-who shall portray them in adequate colors?

A hearty burst of applause greeted the conclusion of the mayor's address. Then Rev. Mr. Friedrich introduced Director-General Wilson M. Day, of the Centennial Commission, who also received a warm greeting. He said:

It is fitting, indeed, that this festival of a century should be commemorated in the sonorous language of the fatherland to the accompanying thrill of German song. It is meet that the sons and daughters of that land which has enriched the world's honor roll with such names as Schiller and Goethe, Lessing and Herder, Uhland and Reuter, Beethoven and Mozart, and Wagner, Weber, and Schubert, Silcher and Abt, Kant and Fichte and Schopenhauer, and Copernicus and Kepler and Herschel, and the long line of heroes from Charlemagne to Barbarossa, and Moltke and Bismarck, should on this newer continent of their adoption join in pledging once more their love of liberty, and their devotion to the city of their choice. It needs no words of mine to tell the story of German loyalty, German self-sacrifice, and German achievement. American patriotism is made of no sturdier stuff than the fealty of its adopted citizens. The story of German heroism is written on every battlefield of the South. At Bull Run, at Vicksburg, at Chattanooga, at Atlanta, at Chickamauga, at Gettysburg, before Richmond, at Appomattox, German blood was poured out as freely as that of our native born soldiery, that the Union might be preserved and human liberty vouchsafed. But the German is a peace lover as well, and this peace festival of religion and patriotism is a fitting embodiment of the solid, law-loving, law-abiding, God-fearing qualities of the German character. May the churches which you represent ever be the fountains of the purest religion, the broadest culture, and the highest patriotism. In the name of the Centennial Commission, I greet you. God save the fatherland! God save America! Ehre sey Gott in der Hoehe, und Friede auf Erden, and den Menschen ein Wohlgefallen."

'America' was sung by the audience standing, and then Rev. J. H. C. Roentgen delivered the first German address of the evening. He divided the life of the Germans in Cleveland into three parts - childhood from 1831 to 1851, youth from 1850 to 1872, and maturity from 1872 to 1896. He paid many tributes, in the course of his address, to the interest of the Germans in the city's affairs, and their desire for its advancement and prosperity, and was warmly applauded when he said that the

study of the German language must be continued in the public schools, and declared that if it were not, parochial schools would be the result.

Another song by the Männerchor preceded the last address of the evening, that of Rev. G. Heinmiller, which was historical in character, and was also delivered in German. A song by the Männerchor, a prayer by Rev. C. Streich, the singing of a German hymn by the audience, and the pronunciation of the benediction by Rev. Franz Friedrich, concluded the programme.

The exercises of this Sabbath day formed an appropriate introduction to the festivities that followed, turning the thoughts of the inhabitants to the benefits of the retiring century, fostering civic pride and patriotism, and giving birth to nobler purposes and still higher aims for the coming years.

CHAPTER V.

CAMP MOSES CLEAVELAND.

DEDICATED JULY 20, 1896.

The annual encampment of the Ohio National Guard and a detachment of United States Regulars was secured for Cleveland in 1896, and proved to be a prominent and attractive feature of the Centennial celebration. Tents were pitched by the soldiers about the middle of July and remained until near the middle of September. The camp was located on the Perkins Farm, in the western part of the city, near the lake front, and was known as Camp Moses Cleaveland. With its companies of well-drilled men, its brilliant dress parades and general equipment, it formed a center of inter

est for thousands during the summer months.

The camp was dedicated with appropriate exercises on Monday afternoon, July 20th. There was an almost constant downpour of rain during the morning, and at noon it was thought that the exercises would have to be postponed. A temporary cessation, however, encouraged the officers in charge to proceed. Shortly after noon Troop A of the Ohio National Guard, Captain R. E. Burdick commanding, repaired to the Forest City House, where Governor Bushnell and party, Mayor McKisson and a number of prominent citizens were met and escorted to the camp. In the company besides the governor and the mayor were J. G. W. Cowles, president of the Chamber of Commerce, Colonel Clarence E. Burke and Colonel C. V. Wing, of the governor's staff; Captain George Andrews, of the United States Army; L. E. Holden, W. J. Akers, ex-Postmaster A. T. Anderson and others. Soon after the arrival of the party the troops were formed in a hollow square around the flag-pole on the parade ground. The programme of exercises was then opened with a patriotic selection by the Seventeenth Regiment Band. As the music died away, Mr. Holden, on behalf of the Centennial Commission, arose in the governor's carriage and introduced Mayor McKisson, who was cordially received and addressed the soldiers as follows: