one as this, where the Sovereign is inter- the Duke to take some measures for reested not only by her royal rights, but as assuming the command of the Prussian the head of the Family whose domestic army, or, if that could not be accomplishaffairs are here divulged, and as connected ed, to take the command of the Dutch with the Persons principally concerned by army, and to act in concert with the Duke the highest obligations of duty and the clo- of York. The Duke of Brunswick, had sest ties of blood. And in addition to the not, we believe, the option of doing the general question of right, one cannot help first, and he would not do the latter; and being struck, on the first view of this case, Lord Malmesbury, while admitting his talby manifest breaches of delicacy and good ents and courage, pronounces him, from taste. The parties to that unfortunate al- his wavering, suspicious, intriguing temper, liance have left a numerous and illustrious utterly unfit for any great station, and inkindred (to say nothing of private friends capable of any great service. This may and servants) still living, whose feelings have been, and was, we think, his general cannot but be painfully affected by some character; but we believe that the Duke of Lord Malmesbury's revelations which did not deserve his Lordship's reproaches, seems indeed to compromise his Lordship's in the particular case which produced own character, for many of the memoranda them. He was a marshal in the Prussian are such as a gentleman, if obliged by his army; situated as his duchy was, he had duty to make them, ought to have destroyed before his death, or at least taken effectual measures for their subsequent destruction. no support but Prussia; and though his strong inclination was to active exertions against France, he said that he could not safely take command of any army but a This cannot be denied, and must be re- Prussian one, or at least one to which a gretted; but on the other hand it would be large Prussian force should be attached. unjust not to suggest, in excuse for the no- It was very well for Lord Malmesbury, who ble Editor, that revelations of an infinitely had a safe retreat in England, to make more deplorable character had been five- light of the Duke's difficulties; but the reand-twenty years ago paraded and produced sult justified, we think, all that prince's apin the most flagrant publicity by the parties prehensions; and we feel not contempt, themselves-they are registered in our ar- but sympathy, for the perplexity of a brave chives, they are engraven on the tablets of soldier and benevolent sovereign-resisting our history. Lord Malmesbury's anec- the impulses of his own personal gallantry dotes are but the light clouds that presaged and political opinions, under the humiliathat dark storm, and the Editor probably ting certainty of the ruin that a false step thought that the pain that they can excite would entail on his family and his people. in any mind that recollects the proceedings We are, however, inclined to believe that of 1820, must be of a very mitigated degree. But whatever may be thought of the act of publication, the facts are now history, and we must deal with them accordingly. he was deficient in decision and moral courage, and of this defect the following anecdote, with regard to his too celebrated Manifesto, is a slight but sufficient indica tion. 6 name of Himon* (now here); that it was ap It was at the conclusion of the subsidiary mission to Prussia that Lord Malmesbury 'Dec. 10th, 1794.-He [the Duke of Brunswas commissioned to take Brunswick in wick] was less thinking this day than usual' his way home, and to conclude another poor man, he had abundant cause to be thoughtful]; he was conversable with the treaty still more deplorable in its conse- ladies at dinner-said that his famous Manquences. Before we enter on that busi-ifesto was drawn up by a Brabançon of the ness, we must introduce our readers to the Duke and Duchess of Brunswick. His Highness, in disgust at the untoward result of his unfortunate campaigns of 1792-3, had resigned the command of the Prussian army, and was living at home a mortified and alarmed spectator of the great military and political game then playing, in which, though he no longer held a hand, his all was at stake. It was a secondary object of Lord Malmesbury's mission to prevail on *This is a mistake for the Marquis de Limonanother of the too numerous and inexcusable errors of the press which disgrace this publication. We made the same observation on the former series, and produced a few instances, which we find given in a fly-leaf to this livraison as " ' errata to the former volumes-two only being added to our list, though there might have been two score. But the blunders of the present publication are infinitely worse, particularly in all proper names, which are so mutilated as to be, in proved by Count Schulenburg and Spielman, [ and forced upon him to sign; that he had not even a velo on this occasion.'-p. 169. The fact is true; but to have signed what he disapproved, and afterwards to throw the blame on other parties, showed but a feeble character; and Lord Malmesbury states that the Duchess herself was convinced that he wanted firmness for the crisis. 'Dec. 1st.-The Duchess told me she was sure he [the Duke] felt himself unequal to it [the command of the army]-that he was grown nervous, and had lost a great deal of his former energy. She said, when he returned from Holland in 1787, he was so shaken, and his nerves so worn out, that he did not recover for a long time. She confirmed what I long since knew, that the Duke wants decision of character, and resolution.'-p. 161. The Duchess was probably desired by the Duke himself to express this opinion, for the purpose of damping Lord Malmesbury's solicitations; but even that would have been the resource of a feeble mind. He, however, was a good prince-an honest man-a benevolent sovereign-and so sincere in his hostility to French influence that Buonaparte in his 16th Bulletin, 1806, charged the whole resistance of Prussia to his advice; and he died, in every way a victim to his patriotism, on the 10th of November, of wounds received in the fatal battle of Jena, when the dukedom of Brunswick and the kingdom of Prussia fell together. The Duchess was the elder sister of King George III.; and after the death of her husband and the ruin of her house, returndied on the 23rd of March, 1813, in her ed, in July, 1807, to England, where she seventy-sixth year. She will be longest familiar to English eyes by her graceful ed but very interesting picture by Knapfigure as a girl of fifteen in the poorly paintton, at Hampton Court, of the family of Frederick, Prince of Wales. She seems to have been a most good-humored, unaffected, gossiping lady; and, whatever good example she may have given her daughter in moral conduct, appears not to have afforded her, either by precept or example, much instruction in manners, discretion, dignity, or even in the more ordinary and superficial proprieties of feminine deportment. We shall see that Lord Malmesbury soon found himself invested with the strange duty of instructing the young lady, not only on points of behavior and of moral and religious conduct, but even on certain arcana of her personal toilet -upon which never before, we suppose, had an ambassador, or even a male, been called upon to advise and it appears to us that in this new and unexpected trial of his good temper and good sense, Lord Malmesbury conducted himself with consummate tact and ability. He played the part of— as she herself good-humoredly called itMentor' to the young princess admirably; but would forfeit all the merit, if we could believe that he ever meant that it should be thus blazoned forth. But it was not for neglect and bad taste in her daughter's education that the goodhumored but narrow-minded Duchess was alone blameable-she had given her wrong impressions on some most important sub many cases, quite unintelligible; and prove that the printed sheets cannot have been seen by any one at all acquainted with the persons or occurrences referred to-Craggs, for Craig; Armin, for Arnin; W. Eden, for Morton Eden; W. Boothby, for Brook Boothby; Gensau, for Gneisenau; Kalkreuther, and Kulkreuthen, for Kal-Jects. She had, it seems, before her markreuth; St. Armand, for St. Amand; Fleury, for riage (as sisters-in-law are sometimes apt to Fleurus; Colegrave, for Cologne; montebaner, for do), taken a foolish dislike to Queen CharMontabauer; Fühl, and Pfuhl, and Tull, for the lotte, and had impressed her daughter with same person; Benden, for Bender; Pigot Mon- the same unreasonable and, as far as the baillard, for Pigault-Maubaillacq; Maco, perhaps for Maret; Boncarrer, probably for Bonne Car- grounds are stated, ridiculous prejudices; rere; Sausur, for Lauzun; Grenville, for Gran- and the same may be said of a similar antipville; Moussen, for Mousseaux; Cabarras pas- athy against the Duke and Duchess of York. sim, for Cabarus; Fabre Eglon, for Fabre d'Eglan-The real but unavowed cause of this distine; Ladies Moira and Hutchinson for Lords; like was, we believe, a fact-not publicly Asperno passim, for Asperne; Dantzig, for Dunkirk; Melville, for Moleville; and fifty others. Most of these seem, when explained, to be small matters, easily set right; but we are not quite sure that we have always guessed the right name; and unless one is tolerably well acquainted with the personal history of everybody that Lord Malmesbury has happened to have mentioned, there is no certainty as to who or what may be meant. known, but which we have heard from indisputable authority, and with which the old Duchess was probably then acquaintedthat the Duke of York was unfavorable to this match, auguring, from his knowledge of the parties, very ill of it from the beginning; and it is probable that he may have communicated to the Queen, his mother, something of his early impression. But, however that may be, her Majesty's conduct to her daughter-in-law was, like every other circumstance of her life, admirable; and, strange vicissitude, both the mother and the daughter were destined within a few years to rely in their deep distresses on the tenderness and justice of her against whom they had nourished such unfounded prejudices. We shall now allow Lord Malmesbury to introduce the Princess to our readers, and to tell the rest of this strange story in the familiar style of his own unpremeditatedand we must presume unmutilated-diary. tes." 'Nov 22nd, 1794.-Madlle. de Hertzfeldtold Berlin acquaintance-now Duke's mistress; much altered, but still clever and agreeableher apartment elegantly furnished-and she she was at first rather ashamed to see me, but herself with all the appareil of her situationsoon got over it.'—pp. 155, 156. And from this lady he received accounts of the Princess's character, not very favorable, though apparently sincere and well meant; but she seems not to have thought-nor indeed does Lord Malmesbury-of the injurious effect that her own example, and that of a general laxity of manners, must have had on the Princess-but in which it is impossible not to see the seeds and the hotbed of future imprudence. tact.'-p. 165. 'Nov. 28th, 1794.-The Princess Caroline much embarrassed on my first being presented to her pretty face-not expressive of softness-her figure not graceful-fine eyes-good 'Dec. 5th, 1794.-Dinner at Court-ball and hand-tolerable teeth, but going-fair hair ombre. Madlle. Hertzfeldt repeats to me what and light eyebrows, good bust-short, with the Duke had before said-stated the necessiwhat the French call "des épaules impertinen-ty of being very strict with the Princess CaroVastly happy with her future expecta- but of a temper easily wrought on, and had no line-that she was not clever, or ill-disposed, tions."-p. 153. 'Dec. 3rd.-Day fixed for my audiences. Major Hislop and a messenger arrive at eleven from the Prince of Wales. He brings the Prince's picture, and a letter from him to me, urging me vehemently to set out with the Prin cess Caroline immediately.-Duke answers very well-rather embarrassed. Duchess overcome, in tears. Princess Caroline, much af fected, but replies distinctly and well.'-pp. 161, 162. 'Dec. 4th.-Very much puzzled how to decide about going [to England]-Duchess presses it-Duke cautious to a ridiculous degree in assisting me. Princess Caroline in a hurry. Prince of Wales's [eager] wishes in flat con tradiction to my instructions.'-p. 163. 'Dec. 5th.-After dinner the Duke held a very long and very sensible discourse with me about the Princess Caroline. He entered fully into her future situation-was perfectly aware of the character of the Prince, and of the inconveniences that would result, almost with equal ill effect, either from his liking the Princess too much or too little. He said of his daughter, "Elle n'est pas bête, mais elle n'a pas de jugement-elle a été élevée sévèrement, et il le falloit." The Duke desired me to advise her never to show any jealousy of the Prince; and, if he had any goûts, not to notice them. He said he had written her all this in German, but that enforced by me, it would come with double effect.'-p. 164. The Duke's laxity as to the goûts of his future son-in-law, and his severity towards his daughter, are not surprising when we find the scenes in the midst of which the Princess lived. Very brilliant and prominent in the Duchess's court and society, Lord Malmesbury foundVOL. V.-No. II. 16 'Dec. 10th.--Concert at Court-Madlle. Hertzfeldt takes me aside, and says nearly these words: "Je vous conjure, faites que le Prince fasse mener, au commencement, une vie retirée à la Princesse. Elle a toujours été très gênée et très observée, et il le falloit ainsi. Si elle se trouve tout à coup dans le monde sans restriction aucune, elle ne marchera pas à pas égaux. Elle n'a pas le cœur dépravé— elle n'a jamais rien fait de mauvais, mais la parole en elle devance toujours la pensée; elle se livre à ceux à qui elle parle sans réserve, et de la il s'ensuit (même dans cette petite Cour) qu'on lui prête des sens et des intentions qui ne lui ont jamais appartenus-que ne sera-t-il pas en Angleterre-où elle sera entourée de femmes adroites et intriguantes (à ce qu'on dit) auxquelles elle se livrera à corps perdu (si le Prince permet qu'elle mène la vie dissipée de Londres), et qui placeront dans sa bouche tel propos qu'elles voudront, puisqu'elle parlera elle-même sans savoir ce qu'elle dit? De plus elle a beaucoup de vanité, et quoique pas sans esprit, avec peu de fond-la tête lui tournera si on la caresse et la flatte trop-si le Prince la gâte; et il est tout aussi essentiel qu'elle le craigne que qu'elle l'aime. Il faut absolument qu'il la tienne serrée, qu'il se fasse respecter, sans quoi elle s'égarera. Je sais (continua-telle) que vous ne me comprometterez pas, je vous parle comme à mon vieux ami. Je suis attachée cœur et âme au Duc. Je me suis dévouée à lui, je me suis perdue pour lui. C'est le bien de sa famille que je veux. plus malheureux des hommes si cette fille ne réussit pas mieux que son aînée. Je vous réelle est sans jugement et on l'a jugée a l'avepète, elle n'a jamais rien fait de mauvais, mais nant. Je crains (dit Madlle. Hertzfeldt) la Reine. La Duchesse ici, qui passe sa vie à pen Il sera le 170. ser tout haut, ou à ne jamais penser du tout, I those you owe him-this cannot but please him, n'aime pas la Reine, et elle en a trop parlé à and will, in the end, induce him also to go to sa fille. Cependant son bonheur dépend d'ê-church." The Princess said mine was a very tre bien avec elle, et pour Dieu répétez-lui serious remark for a masquerade. I begged toujours cette maxime que vous avez déjà plus her pardon, and said it was, in fact, a more d'une fois recommandée. Elle vous écoute. cheerful one than the most dissipated one I Elle trouve que vous parlez raison d'une mani- could have made, since it contained nothing ére gaie, et vous ferez bien plus d'impression triste in itself, and would infallibly lead to sur elle que son père, qu'elle craint trop, ou sa every thing that was pleasant. She caught mère, qu'elle ne craint pas du tout."-pp. 169, my idea with great quickness, and the last part of our conversation was very satisfactory, as I 'Dec. 28th.-Madlle. Hertzfeldt again talks felt I had done what I wished, and set her mind to me as before about the Princess Caro- on thinking of the drawbacks of her situation, line-"Il faut la gouverner par la peur, par la as well as of its "agrémens," and impressed terreur même. Elle s'émancipera si on n'y it with the idea that, in the order of society, prend pas garde-mais si on la veille soigneu- those of a very high rank have a price to pay sement et sévèrement elle se conduira bien." for it, and that the life of a Princess of The King of England, in a letter to the Duch-Wales is not to be one of all pleasure, dissipaess, says, 'Qu'il espère que sa nièce n'aura tion, and enjoyment; that the great and conpas trop de vivacité, et qu'elle menera une vie spicuous advantages belonging to it must sédentaire et retirée.' These words shock necessarily be purchased by considerable sacPrincess Caroline, to whom the Duchess very rifices, and can only be preserved and kept up foolishly reads the letter.'-p. 189. by a continual repetition of these sacrifices. PP. 170, 171. Madlle. de Hertzfeldt seemsto have been 'Dec. 16th.--At dinner next Princess Cara sensible woman, though in a very awk-oline; she says it is wished here that her ward position; and these were ominous brother William should marry the Princess confidences; and although Lord Malmes-Sophia of Gloucester; I advise her not to bury was at first disposed to hope that they might be exaggerated, it is plain that he every day became less and less sanguine as to the result of the alliance: meddle in it. She talks about the Duke of Clarence, whom she prefers to the Duke of York, and it struck me to-day for the first time that he originally put her into the Prince's head, and that with a view to plague the Duke and Duchess of York, whom he hates, and whom Dec. 10th, 1794.-Masquerade-I walked the Prince no longer likes; well knowing that with the Princess Caroline, and had a very long the Princess Caroline and Duchess of York conversation with her. I endeavored not to dislike each other, and that this match would mix up much serious matter at such a place, be particularly unpleasant to her and the Duke. but whenever I found her inclined to give way I praise the Duke of York to her, and speak too much to the temper of the entertainment, with great applause of the behavior of the and to get over cheerful and too mixing, I endeavored to bring her back by becoming seri-has conciliated to herself the good-will of the Duchess, who by her discretion and conduct ous and respectful. She has no whole nation. I did this to pique her, and to She entered, of her own accord, into the kind of life she was to lead in England, and was very inquisitive about it. I said it would depend very much on her; that I could have no share in settling it, but that my wish was, that in private she might enjoy every ease and comfort belonging to domestic happiness, but that when she appeared abroad, she shoulder, can only be obtained by making herself always appear as Princess of Wales, surround-respected and rare--that the sentiment of beed by all that appareil and etiquette' due to that sentiment can only be given to a few, to a ing loved by the people is a mistaken one- her elevated situation. She asked me what narrow circle of those we see every day-that were the Queen's drawing-room days? 1 a nation at large can only respect and honor a said, Thursday and Sunday after church, great Princess, and it is, in fact, these feelings which the King and Queen never missed; that are falsely denominated the love of a naand I added that I hoped most ardently she tion: they are not to be procured, as the goodwould follow their example, and never, on any will of individuals is, by pleasant openness and account, miss Divine Service on that day; free communication, but by a strict attention to "Does the Prince go to church?" she asked me. I replied, she would make him go; it rank in which a Princess is placed, either in appearances-by never going below the high was one of many advantages he would derive from changing his situation. "But if he does language or manners-by mixing dignity with not like it?"Why then your Royal Highnessity, and levels all distinction.'-pp. 179, 180. affability, which, without it, becomes familiarmust go without him, and tell him that the fulfilling regularly and exactly this duty can alone enable you to perform exactly and regularly These extracts do infinite credit to Lord Malmesbury's good sense and good taste; but his advice was sadly counter acted. There was at court a sister would lead her into AN AFFAIR OF GALLANTRY, and be ready to be convenient on such an occasion. This did not frighten the Princess, although it did the Duke and Duchess; and would be more cautious than to risk such an on my perceiving this, I told her Lady death to presume to approach a Princess of Wales, and no man would be daring enough to think of it. She asked me whether I was in earnest. I said such was our law; that anyhigh treason, and punished with death: if she body who presumed to love her was guilty of was weak enough to listen to him-so also would she. This startled her.'—p. 189. of the Duke's, the Princess Augusta, who bore a title that sounds as farcical as her conduct and character seem to have been-audacious measure; and that, besides, it was she was the Abbess of Gandersheim. Lord Malmesbury had formerly known her-an advantage he would now have willingly forgotten, for she not only honored him with recollections of a supposed attachment in their younger days, but (if we understand his Lordship rightly) she was not unwilling, in spite of her age and ecclesiastical dignity, to have renewed it. This lady of Gandersheim seems to have thought it necessary to school her niece against the immoral propensities of all mankind-nay, against the possible designs of the ambassador himselfin a style which the Princess, if she had been well brought up, would hardly have listened to even from an aunt, and still less repeated to the object of such strange suspicions. 'Dec. 18th, 1794.-At supper Princess Caroline tells me of a kind of admonitory converexhort her to trust not in men, that they were not to be depended on, and that the Prince would certainly deceive her, &c., and all the nonsense of an envious and desiring old maid. The Princess was made uneasy by this, particularly as her aunt added that she was sure she would not be happy.'-p. 181. sation the Abbesse had held to her-it went to 'Dec. 21st.-She talked of her aunt the Abbess-said she had endeavored to inspire her with a diffidence and mistrust of me-had represented me as un homme dangereux. I tried to get rid of this sort of conversation, but the Princess stuck by it, and I was forced to say that I believed her aunt had forgotten that twenty years had elapsed since she had seen me, or heard of me; and that, besides, such an insinuation was a tacit accusation of my being very foolishly unprincipled. She said she meant well, that she thought too partially of me herself, and was afraid for her. It was in vain to attempt to turn the subject-she went on during the whole supper-was in high spirits and laughed unmercifully at her aunt, and her supposed partiality for me. pp. 183, 184. But we find that these and similar communications brought very strange prospects into the poor Princess's view: 'Dec. 28th, 1794.-Princess Caroline shows me the anonymous letter about Lady evidently written by some disappointed milliner or angry maid-servant, and deserving no attention; I am surprised the Duke afforded it any. Aimed at Lady -; its object to frighten the Princess with the idea that she These were strange conversations-so strange that Lord Malmesbury confesses with a serious kind of pleasantry that he himself was treated with so much personal kindness by the Princess, that the case of The Duke of Suffolk and Queen Margaret' came across his thoughts. The treaty of marriage was soon concluded, but Lord Malmesbury was in great doubt how to convey his precious charge that they were to go through Holland, and to England. It had been at first arranged they departed from Brunswick with that hope on the 29th of December; but the irruption of the French into Holland frustrated that intention, and forced Lord Malmesbury, after having advanced two stages beyond Bentheim, to retrograde to Osnabruck and Hanover; and it was not till the 5th of April that they arrived in London. The Duchess, at Lord Malmesbury's pressing instances, was to accompany her daughter to the sea-side, and to deliver her into the hands of the ladies appointed to attend her. In consequence of this unexpected and vexatious delay, the Duchess was exceedingly anxious to get back to her own capital, only a few leagues off, and to leave her daughter-(who being now Princess of Wales, could not well reappear at Brunswick)-in the sole guardianship of Lord Malmesbury; but he, with great propriety and firmness, resisted the proposition, and forced the Duchess, to her great dissatisfaction, to remain with her daugh ter. We shall extract some of the many remarkable particulars that occurred during the journey:— 'Jan. 9, 1795.-Leave Bentheim at sevenDelden at twelve; about four leagues further on, meet letters from Lord St. Helens [then our minister in Holland], saying the French had passed the Waal-that they were near |