age and schooling certificate, and upon compliance with all the requirements for the issuance of an age and schooling certificate, be entitled to receive from the officers authorized to issue age and schooling certificates a permit to work outside of school hours. [Amended, Statutes 1915, p. 1201.]

Permit to work granted, when.

§ 2. The superintendent of schools of any city, or of any city and county, or of any county (over such portions of any such county as are not within the jurisdiction of any superintendent of city schools) shall have authority to issue a permit to work to any minor of the age of fourteen years, in any of the following circumstances:

(1) Where such minor has completed the prescribed grammar school course, and is physically fitted for the labor contemplated; or,

(2) Where upon the sworn statement being made by the parent, or foster-parent, or guardian, of such minor, that such minor is past the age of fourteen years, that the parent or parents, or foster-parent or fosterparents, or guardian, of such minor is incapacitated for labor through illness or injury, or that through the death or desertion of the father of such minor, the family is in need of the earnings of such minor, and that sufficient aid can not be secured in any other manner. The person authorized to issue such permit shall make a signed statement in granting such permit that he, or a competent person designated by him for this purpose has carefully investigated the conditions under which the application for such permit has been asked, and has found that in his judgment the earnings of such minor are necessary for such family to support such minor, and that in his judgment sufficient aid can not be secured in any other manner. [Amended, Statutes 1915, p. 1202.]

Kind of labor specified. Permits.

§ 3. No permit as specified in section two of this act shall be issued except upon written evidence that suitable work is waiting for such minor, and such permit shall specify the kind of labor. Permits issued under subdivision two of said section two shall in no case be issued for a longer period than shall seem necessary, nor for longer than six months, at the end of which period such superintendent shall see that such minor returns to school, unless a new permit to labor is issued. Such permit shall be kept on file by the person, firm or corporation employing the minor therein designated, during the term of said employment, and shall be given up to such minor upon his quitting such employment. Where such minor works for himself and not for others, such minor shall keep in his possession such permit. Such permit shall be issued on forms in accordance with this act, which shall be prepared and provided by the commissioner of the bureau of labor statistics of the State of California. Such permit shall be subject to revocation at any time by such commissioner of the bureau of labor statistics, or by the authority issuing such permit, whenever such commissioner, or the authority issuing such permit shall find that the conditions for the legal issuance of such permit do not exist. Such permit

shall be always open to the inspection of the attendance and probation officers, or of the officers of the state bureau of labor statistics. A duplicate copy of each permit to work granted under the provisions of this act shall be kept by the person issuing such permit, such copy to be filed with the superintendent of schools of the city, or city and county, or county, as the case may be; provided, that all copies of permits issued between June 25th and December 25th of any year shall be filed not later than December 31st of such year; and those issued between December 25th and June 25th of the ensuing year shall be filed not later than June 30th of each year. Corresponding semi-annual reports of all such permits issued shall be made by such superintendents in such form as may be required by the commissioner of the bureau of labor statistics of the State of California. [Amended, Statutes 1915, p. 1202.]

Work forbidden children under sixteen.

4. No child under the age of sixteen years shall be employed, permitted or suffered to work at any of the following occupations or in any of the following positions: adjusting any belt to any machinery, or sewing or lacing machine belts in any workshop or factory, or oiling, wiping or cleaning machinery or assisting therein, or operating or assisting in operating any of the following machines: (a) Circular or band saws; (b) wood-shapers; (c) wood jointers; (d) planers; (e) sandpaper or wood polishing machinery; (f) wood-turning or boring machinery; (g) picker machines or machines used in picking wool, cotton, hair or any other material; (h) carding machines; (i) paper-lace machines; (j) leatherburnishing machines; (k) job or cylinder printing presses operated by power other than foot power; (1) boring or drill presses; (m) stamping machines used in sheet-metal and tinware or in paper and leather manufacturing, or in washer and nut factories; (n) metal or paper cutting machines; (o) corner staying machines in paper box factories; (p) corrugating rolls, such as are used in corrugated paper, roofing or washboard factories; (q) steam boilers; (r) dough brakes or cracker machinery of any description; (s) wire or iron straightening or drawing machinery; (t) rolling mill machinery; (u) power punches or shears; (v) washing, grinding or mixing machinery; (w) calender rolls in paper and rubber manufacturing; (x) laundering machinery; or in proximity to any hazardous or unguarded belts, machinery or gearing; or upon any railroad, whether steam, electric or hydraulic; or upon any vessel or boat engaged in navigation or commerce within the jurisdiction of this state; provided, however, that the provisions of this section shall not apply to the courses of training in vocational or manual training schools or in state institutions. [Amended, Statutes 1915, p. 1203.]

Trades forbidden children under sixteen.

§ 5. No child under the age of sixteen years shall be employed, permitted or suffered to work in any capacity (1) in, about or in connection with any processes in which dangerous or poisonous acids are used;

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(2) nor in the manufacture or packing of paints, colors, white or red lead; (3) nor in soldering; (4) nor in occupations causing dust in injurious quantities; (5) nor in the manufacture or use of dangerous or poisonous dyes; (6) nor in the manufacture or preparation of compositions with dangerous or poisonous gases; (7) nor in the manufacture or use of compositions of lye in which the quantity thereof is injurious to health; (8) nor on scaffolding; (9) nor in heavy work in the building trades; (10) nor in any tunnel or excavation; (11) nor in, about or in connection with any mine, coal breaker, coke oven, or quarry; (12) nor in assorting, manufacturing or packing tobacco; (13) nor in operating any automobile, motor car or truck; (14) nor in a bowling alley; (15) nor in a pool or billiard room; (16) nor in any other occupation dangerous to the life or limb, or injurious to the health or morals of such child. [Amended, Statutes 1915, p. 1203.]

Labor commissioner to determine whether business is forbidden.

§ 6. The bureau of labor statistics may, from time to time, after a hearing duly had, determine whether or not any particular trade, process of manufacture or occupation, in which the employment of children under the age of sixteen years is not already forbidden by law, or any particular method of carrying on such trade, process of manufacture or occupation, is sufficiently dangerous to the lives or limbs or injurious to the health or morals of children under sixteen years of age to justify their exclusion therefrom. No child under sixteen years of age shall be employed, permitted or suffered to work in any occupation thus determined to be dangerous or injurious to such children. There shall be a right of appeal to the superior court from any such determination. [Amended, Statutes 1915, p. 1204.]

Minors under eighteen not to work over eight hours.

$ 7. No minor under the age of eighteen years shall be employed in laboring in any manufacturing, mechanical, or mercantile establishment or other place of labor, more than eight hours in one day or more than fortyeight hours in one week, except when it is necessary to make repairs to prevent the interruption of the ordinary running of the machinery, or when a different apportionment of the hours of labor is made for the sole purpose of making a shorter day's work for one day of the week, nor before the hour of five o'clock in the morning, nor after the hour of ten o'clock in the evening. [Amended, Statutes 1915, p. 1204.]

Telegraph messengers.

$ 8. No person under the age of eighteen years shall be employed, permitted or suffered to work as a messenger for any telegraph, telephone or messenger company in the distribution, transmission or delivery of goods or messages before six o'clock in the morning, or after nine o'clock in the evening of any day. [Amended, Statutes 1915, p. 1204.]

Permits signed by school officers.

89. Vacation permits shall be signed by the principal, vice-principal of the school, or secretary of the board of school trustees or board of education of the school which such minor is attending, or has attended during the term next preceding any such vacation. Such permit shall contain the name and age of the minor to whom it is issued, and when issued for the regular vacation, the date of the termination of the vacation for which it is issued, and in any case shall be kept on file by the employer during the period of employment, and at the termination of such employment shall be returned to the minor to whom it was issued. [Amended, Statutes 1915, p. 1205.]

Age and schooling certificate.

§ 10. No minor of the age of fifteen years shall be employed, permitted or suffered to work in or in connection with any of the places enumerated in section one during the hours the public schools are in session, unless such minor is provided with an age and schooling certificate as herein provided.

An age and schooling certificate, shall be approved only by the superintendent of schools of the city or city and county, or by a person authorized by him in writing, or where there is no city or city and county superintendent of schools, by a person authorized by the local school trustees; provided, that the superintendent or principal of any school of recognized standing shall have the right to approve an age and schooling certificate, and shall have the same rights and powers as the superintendent of public schools to issue the certificate herein provided for the children attending such schools. The person authorized to issue age and schooling certificates shall have the authority to administer the oaths necessary for carrying out the provisions of this act, but no fees shall be charged for issuing such certificates. The person authorized to issue age and schooling certificates shall not issue such certificates until the minor in question, accompanied by its parent or guardian, has personally made application to him therefor, and until he has received, examined, approved and filed the following papers duly executed: (1) The school record of such minor, giving age, grade and attendance for current term, duly signed by the principal or teacher. (2) A duly attested transcript of the birth certificate filed according to law with any officer charged with the duty of recording births; or a passport, or a duly attested transcript of a certificate of baptism showing the date of birth and place of baptism of such minor; or, in case the officer authorized to issue the certificate is satisfied that none of such proofs of age can be produced, other evidence of age can be produced, such as school enrollment record, or affidavit of the parent, guardian or custodian of such minor, such as shall convince such officer that the minor is fifteen years of age or upwards. (3) The written statement of the person, firm or corporation in whose service the minor is about to enter, that he intends to employ the minor, which statement shall give the nature of the occupation for which the child is to be employed. (4) A

certificate signed by a physician appointed by the school board, or other public medical officer, stating that such minor has been examined by him and, in his opinion, has reached the normal development of a minor of its age and is in sufficiently sound health and physically able to be employed in the work which it intends to do; provided, however, that no fee shall be charged the minor for such physician's certificate.

Age and schooling certificates shall be issued on forms which shall be prepared and provided by the commissioner of the bureau of labor statistics of the State of California, and shall be substantially in the following form, to wit:

Age and schooling certificate. This certifies that I am the (father, mother or guardian) of (name of the minor) and that (he or she) was born at (name of the city or town), in the county of (name of county, if known), and state (or country) of (name) on the day (day and year of birth), and is now (number of years and of months) old.

Signature, as provided in this act.

City or town, and date.

There personally appeared before me the above named (name of person signing) and made oath that the foregoing certificate by (him or her) signed is true to the best of (his or her) knowledge and belief.

I hereby approve the foregoing certificate of (name of minor), height (feet and inches), complexion (fair or dark), hair (color), having no sufficient reason to doubt that (he or she) is of the age therein certified, and I hereby certify that (he or she) has completed the prescribed grammar school course or that (he or she) has completed the equivalent of the seventh grade of the regular grammar school course and is a regular attendant for the then current term at a regularly conducted night school. Signature of the person authorized to sign, with his official character and authority.

Town or city and date.

This certificate belongs to the minor in whose behalf it is drawn and it shall be presented to (him or her) whenever (he or she) leaves the service of the person, firm or corporation holding the same.

The certificate as to the birthplace and age of the minor under sixteen years of age shall be signed by his father, his mother, or his guardian; if a minor has no father, mother, or guardian living in the same city or town, his own signature to the certificate may be accepted by the person authorized to approve the same. Every person authorized to sign the certificate prescribed by this act, who knowingly certifies to any false statement therein, is guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine of not less than five nor more than fifty dollars, or by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than thirty days, or by both such fine and imprisonment.

A duplicate copy of each age and schooling certificate granted under the provisions of this act shall be kept by the person issuing such certificate, such copy to be filed with the county superintendent of schools in the county where the certificate is issued; provided, that all such copies of