The Politics of Unfunded Mandates: Whither Federalism?Georgetown University Press, 1998 M12 3 - 264 páginas This book is the first comprehensive analysis of the politics behind the use of mandates requiring state and local governments to implement federal policy. Over the last twenty-five years, during both liberal and conservative eras, federal mandates have emerged as a resilient tool for advancing the interests of both political parties. Revealing the politics that led to the policies, Paul L. Posner explores the origins of these congressional mandates, what interests and needs they satisfy, whether mandate reform initiatives can be expected to alter their use, and their implications for federalism. This book reveals how mandates have changed the way policy is formed in the United States and the fundamental relationship between the federal government and the state and local governments. |
Dentro del libro
Resultados 1-5 de 60
... AGENDA 133 , THE SENATE PASSES A PRESCHOOL MANDATE 138 , AGENDA 144 , SENATE BILL 147 , THE BILL BREAKS THROUGH TO THE HOUSE THE SCHOOLS AWAKEN TO THE COST IMPACTS OF THE THE HOUSE BILL : THE POLITICS OF CONSENSUS 150 , THE POISONED ...
... agenda in the 1970s , these issues have been debated , and the nation's policymakers have proved receptive to mandate advocates and state and local inter- ests in waves or cycles.18 The first bow wave of major mandates was passed in the ...
... agenda as well . This illustrates that congressional decisions on man- dates are the product of a swirl of powerful and potentially conflict- ing forces . The purpose of this book is to examine the political forces behind the adoption ...
... agenda status and were defined . One of the most important parts of the analysis is understanding the role played by state and local governments in lobbying on mandate issues . To address these issues , a more qualititative approach was ...
... agenda status and why Congress decided to take on mandate reform at that time . The book then concludes with an analysis of congressional deci- sions on mandates in 1996 — the first year the new mandate reform procedures were in effect ...
Contenido
HOUSESENATE NEGOTIATIONS | 115 |
A LEGISLATIVE POSTSCRIPT ON COSTS | 117 |
IMPLICATIONS | 118 |
NOTES TO CHAPTER 6 | 120 |
Education for Preschool Handicapped Children | 126 |
THE GROWTH OF THE FEDERAL PRESENCE IN SPECIAL EDUCATION | 127 |
PASSAGE OF THE 1975 MANDATE | 130 |
CONSENSUS DISSOLVES DURING IMPLEMENTATION | 131 |
30 | |
32 | |
36 | |
98TH THROUGH 101ST CONGRESSES | 39 |
IMPLICATIONS | 54 |
The Rush toward Consensus | 57 |
SIGNIFICANT MANDATES PASSED WITH BROAD SUPPORT | 58 |
MANDATES IN THE 99TH CONGRESS | 60 |
IMPETUS FOR THE MANDATES OF THE 99TH CONGRESS | 61 |
DISARMING THE CONSTRAINERS | 66 |
IMPLICATIONS | 74 |
State and Local Government Interest Group Behavior | 78 |
STATE AND LOCAL GROUPS MIXED VIEWS ON MANDATES | 81 |
SOURCES OF STATE AND LOCAL AMBIVALENCE | 83 |
FEATURES OF MANDATES THAT LIMIT STATE AND LOCAL INFLUENCE | 86 |
IMPLICATIONS | 89 |
NOTES TO CHAPTER 5 | 91 |
Asbestos and the Politics of Consensus | 94 |
THE POLITICAL EXTRAPOLATION OF SCIENCE | 95 |
TARGET FOR REGULATORY EXPANSION | 96 |
EARLY FEDERAL POLICY ACTION FOLLOWS THE INCREMENTAL MODEL | 97 |
REGULATION BEGETS REGULATION | 101 |
MANY ROADS LEAD TO WASHINGTON | 102 |
A NEW CONGRESSIONAL CHAMPION EMERGES | 105 |
THE POLITICS OF UNANIMITY | 107 |
THE AMBIVALENT POSITION OF THE SCHOOLS | 111 |
A REPUBLICAN SENATE ENACTS A STRONGER BILL | 113 |
PRESCHOOL HANDICAPPED COVERAGE MAKES THE AGENDA | 133 |
THE SENATE PASSES A PRESCHOOL MANDATE | 138 |
THE BILL BREAKS THROUGH TO THE HOUSE AGENDA | 144 |
THE SCHOOLS AWAKEN TO THE COST IMPACTS OF THE SENATE BILL | 147 |
THE POLITICS OF CONSENSUS | 150 |
THE POISONED CARROT? | 153 |
IMPLICATIONS | 154 |
NOTES TO CHAPTER 7 | 155 |
The Politics of Mandate Reform | 160 |
IMPLICATIONS | 175 |
NOTES TO CHAPTER 8 | 176 |
The Impact of Mandate Reform | 180 |
OVERVIEW OF MANDATES ENACTED IN 1996 | 181 |
MANDATE RESTRAINT AND MODIFICATION | 182 |
THE MARCH OF MANDATES CONTINUES | 185 |
MANDATE ROLLBACKS | 187 |
THE POLITICS OF FEDERAL MANDATES REVISITED | 189 |
OTHER INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENTS | 202 |
IMPLICATIONS | 206 |
NOTES TO CHAPTER 9 | 207 |
Conclusions | 211 |
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS AND MANDATES | 215 |
WHITHER FEDERALISM? | 222 |
NOTES TO CHAPTER 10 | 229 |
Appendix 1 | 233 |
Index | 239 |