The Politics of Unfunded Mandates: Whither Federalism?Georgetown University Press, 1998 M12 3 - 264 páginas This book is the first comprehensive analysis of the politics behind the use of mandates requiring state and local governments to implement federal policy. Over the last twenty-five years, during both liberal and conservative eras, federal mandates have emerged as a resilient tool for advancing the interests of both political parties. Revealing the politics that led to the policies, Paul L. Posner explores the origins of these congressional mandates, what interests and needs they satisfy, whether mandate reform initiatives can be expected to alter their use, and their implications for federalism. This book reveals how mandates have changed the way policy is formed in the United States and the fundamental relationship between the federal government and the state and local governments. |
Dentro del libro
Resultados 1-5 de 36
... initiatives prompted major intergovernmental conflict , as the intensity of fiscal fears expressed by state and local officials was matched by the hopes and expectations of beneficiaries of these programs . As high as the stakes were ...
... initiatives and that their performance had a critical bearing on national goals and values . Moreover , as national leaders wrestled with fiscal limitations and public qualms and concerns about an over- extended federal presence , state ...
... initiatives had come to jeopardize the diversity and responsiveness of state and local governments to unique and differ- ing needs and interests . In brief , federal programs were alleged to have prompted an overcentralized ...
... initiative of state and local governments to pioneer innova- tive approaches is undermined as a result . Perhaps most important , mandates can serve to undermine ac- countability in our intergovernmental system . At the federal level ...
... initiatives that seek to restrain the use of mandates . A compre- hensive assessment of the politics of federal mandates should ultimately help us to understand whether mandates are destined to continue as a principal tool of federal ...
Contenido
HOUSESENATE NEGOTIATIONS | 115 |
A LEGISLATIVE POSTSCRIPT ON COSTS | 117 |
IMPLICATIONS | 118 |
NOTES TO CHAPTER 6 | 120 |
Education for Preschool Handicapped Children | 126 |
THE GROWTH OF THE FEDERAL PRESENCE IN SPECIAL EDUCATION | 127 |
PASSAGE OF THE 1975 MANDATE | 130 |
CONSENSUS DISSOLVES DURING IMPLEMENTATION | 131 |
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32 | |
36 | |
98TH THROUGH 101ST CONGRESSES | 39 |
IMPLICATIONS | 54 |
The Rush toward Consensus | 57 |
SIGNIFICANT MANDATES PASSED WITH BROAD SUPPORT | 58 |
MANDATES IN THE 99TH CONGRESS | 60 |
IMPETUS FOR THE MANDATES OF THE 99TH CONGRESS | 61 |
DISARMING THE CONSTRAINERS | 66 |
IMPLICATIONS | 74 |
State and Local Government Interest Group Behavior | 78 |
STATE AND LOCAL GROUPS MIXED VIEWS ON MANDATES | 81 |
SOURCES OF STATE AND LOCAL AMBIVALENCE | 83 |
FEATURES OF MANDATES THAT LIMIT STATE AND LOCAL INFLUENCE | 86 |
IMPLICATIONS | 89 |
NOTES TO CHAPTER 5 | 91 |
Asbestos and the Politics of Consensus | 94 |
THE POLITICAL EXTRAPOLATION OF SCIENCE | 95 |
TARGET FOR REGULATORY EXPANSION | 96 |
EARLY FEDERAL POLICY ACTION FOLLOWS THE INCREMENTAL MODEL | 97 |
REGULATION BEGETS REGULATION | 101 |
MANY ROADS LEAD TO WASHINGTON | 102 |
A NEW CONGRESSIONAL CHAMPION EMERGES | 105 |
THE POLITICS OF UNANIMITY | 107 |
THE AMBIVALENT POSITION OF THE SCHOOLS | 111 |
A REPUBLICAN SENATE ENACTS A STRONGER BILL | 113 |
PRESCHOOL HANDICAPPED COVERAGE MAKES THE AGENDA | 133 |
THE SENATE PASSES A PRESCHOOL MANDATE | 138 |
THE BILL BREAKS THROUGH TO THE HOUSE AGENDA | 144 |
THE SCHOOLS AWAKEN TO THE COST IMPACTS OF THE SENATE BILL | 147 |
THE POLITICS OF CONSENSUS | 150 |
THE POISONED CARROT? | 153 |
IMPLICATIONS | 154 |
NOTES TO CHAPTER 7 | 155 |
The Politics of Mandate Reform | 160 |
IMPLICATIONS | 175 |
NOTES TO CHAPTER 8 | 176 |
The Impact of Mandate Reform | 180 |
OVERVIEW OF MANDATES ENACTED IN 1996 | 181 |
MANDATE RESTRAINT AND MODIFICATION | 182 |
THE MARCH OF MANDATES CONTINUES | 185 |
MANDATE ROLLBACKS | 187 |
THE POLITICS OF FEDERAL MANDATES REVISITED | 189 |
OTHER INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENTS | 202 |
IMPLICATIONS | 206 |
NOTES TO CHAPTER 9 | 207 |
Conclusions | 211 |
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS AND MANDATES | 215 |
WHITHER FEDERALISM? | 222 |
NOTES TO CHAPTER 10 | 229 |
Appendix 1 | 233 |
Index | 239 |