Elements of Surveying

axis back-sight base line bearing called centre column comp Cosine Cosine D Cotang course decimal degrees describe the arc determined difference of latitude difference of level direction divided double meridian distance draw east error example feet figure given angle given line given point half hence horizontal distance horizontal line horizontal plane hypothenuse inch instrument intersection LatDegDegDegDeg latitude and departure length limb line of collimation logarithm longitude M. M. Sine marked measure miles multiplied parallel perpendicular plane of reference plane sailing plane triangle protractor quotient radius right angles right-angled triangle rods sailing scale of chords scale of equal screws secant sector similar triangles spherical excess spider's lines square chains staff station straight line subtract survey Tang tangent telescope theodolite trigonometrical variation vernier plate vertical line yards