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Enspection of Steam-Vessels.

THE Supervising Inspector-General of Steam-Vessels, James A. Dumont, reported to the Secretary of the Treasury, for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1891: Number of steam-vessels inspected in the United States, 7.404; their net tonnage, 1,503.324.40; officers licensed, 35,116; increase in number of vessels inspected over preceding year, 341; increase in number of officers licensed, 1,879.

NUMBER OF STEAMBOAT ACCIDENTS IN THE UNITED STATES DURING THE YEAR RESULTING IN LOSS OF LIFE.

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Of the number of lives lost, as above reported, 194 were passengers, and 144 were officers or persons employed on the steamers.

It is estimated that fully 600,000,000 passengers were carried on steam-vessels during the fiscal year.

The United States Light-House Establishment.

THE following are the members of the Light-House Board:

Hon. Charles Foster, Secretary of the Treasury and ex-officio President of the Board, Washington, D. C.
Commodore James A. Greer, U. S. Navy, Chairman, Washington, D. C.

Brigadier-General Thomas Casey, Chief of Engineers, U. S. Army, Washington, D. C.

Mr. Walter S. Franklin, Baltimore, Md.

Professor Thomas C. Mendenhall, Superintendent U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, Washington, D. C.
Colonel William P. Craighill, Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, Baltimore, Md.

Captain Henry L. Howison, U. S. Navy, Washington, D. C.

Commander George W. Coffin, U. S. Navy, Naval Secretary, Washington, D. C.

Captain Frederick A. Mahan, Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, Washington, D. C.

At the close of the fiscal year there were under the control of the Light-House Establishment the following named aids to navigation: Light-houses and lighted beacons, including post-lights in third, fourth, fifth, sixth, eighth and thirteenth light-house districts, 1,167; light-ships in position, 28; light-ships for relief, 4; lighted buoys in position, 7; fog-signals operated by steam or hot air, 92; fog-signals operated by clock-work, 186; post-lights on the western rivers, 1,368; day or unlighted beacons, 391; whistling-buoys in position, 59; bell-buoys in position, 79; other buoys in position, including pile-buoys and stakes in fifth district and thirty buoys in Alaskan waters, 4,204.

In the construction, care and maintenance of these aids to navigation there were employed: Steam tenders, 28; steam-launches, 4; sailing tenders, 2; light-keepers, 1,082; other employés, including crews of light-ships and. tenders, 868; laborers in charge of river lights, 1,126.

The Life-Saving Service.

THE Ocean and lake coasts of the United States are picketed with the stations of the Life-Saving Service attached to the United States Treasury Department. Sumner I. Kimball is general superintendent, with headquarters at Washington, and there is a corps of inspectors, superintendents, station-keepers and crews, extending over the entire coast-line, together with a Board on Life-Saving Appliances, composed of experts selected from the revenue marine service, the army, the life-saving service and civilians.

At the close of the last fiscal year the life-saving establishment embraced 238 stations, 178 being on the Atlantic coast, 48 on the lakes, II on the Pacific coast, and I at the falls of the Ohio, Louisville, Ky.

In the following table the statistics of the service for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891, and since introduction of present system in 1871 to June 30, 1891, are stated separately:

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In addition to the foregoing, there were 160 casualties to smaller craft, such as sail-boats, row-boats, etc., on which there were 344 persons, of whom 336 were saved and 8 lost. In addition to persons saved from vessels, there were 46 others rescued who had fallen from wharves, piers, etc., and who would probably have perished without the aid of the life-saving crews, The cost of the maintenance of the service during the year was $940,201.04.

Production of Distilled Spirits

IN THE UNITED STATES (STATED IN GALLONS) FROM 1878 TO 1891 INCLUSIVE.
(Prepared by the Internal Revenue Bureau.)

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4,784,654
5,089,958 12,385,229
12,277.750 5.328,043
19,318,819 7,842,540 11,247,877
17,015,034 7.313,640 10,337,035
7,463,609 5,879,690 11,075,639
21,960,784 8,749,768 10,939.135

10,718,706

1,801,960

8,701.951 28,295.253

223,977

75,294,510

1,711,158

6,745.688 28,538,680

200,732

76,531,167

13.436,916

2,081, 165

3,235.889

27,104,382

312, 197

76.405,074

1,799.952

2,396,248

26,538,581

329.679

81,849,260

1,857.223

2,410,923

27,066,219

673,610

79.433.446

1,891,246

1,916,436

29,475,913

864,704

71,688, 188

1,471,054

1891.

32.474.784 13.355,577 11.354.448 1,657,808
29,931,415 14.345.389 12,260,821 1,784,312 1,007,070 35,356,126 1,223.725

117.186,114

Importation of Spirits, Malt Liquors and Wines

INTO THE UNITED STATES FROM 1884 TO 1890 INCLUSIVE.

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91,133,550

1,137,649

III,101,738

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.galls. 2,774,771 3,419.532 3,787.420 3,383,593 3,333,322 3,078,554 3,485,792
..doz. 251,489 239.381
258,153 253,132 284,174 260,026 329,604
201,414 228,580 238,604 255,656 274,914 315,870 354.350

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The percentage as above indicated is by volume. "Proof spirit' contains 49.24 per cent by
weight, or 57.06 per cent by volume of absolute alcohol.

The ratio of dipsomaniacs to all insane is as follows in several countries: Italy, 12 per cent;
France, a1 per cent; United States, 26 per cent; Scotland, 28 per cent.

Expectancy of life, drunk and sober: At age 20, drunk, 15 years: sober, 44 years. At age 30,
drunk, 14 years; sober, 36 years. At age 40, drunk, 11 years; sober, 29 years.

Foreign Trade of the United States.

(Prepared for THE WORLD ALMANAO by the Bureau of Statistics of the Treasury Department.)

EXPORTS.

DOMESTIC MERCHANDISE AND SPECIE EXPORTED FROM THE UNITED STATES DURING THE FISCAL YEAR
ENDED JUNE 30, 1891.

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MERCHANDISE AND SPECIE IMPORTED INTO THE UNITED STATES DURING THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30,

$84,939,551

98,973,265

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The United States Revenue Cutter Service.

THE UNITED STATES REVENUE CUTTER SERVICE is an arm of the Treasury Department, and is under the direction and control of the Secretary of the Treasury. Its immediate supervision resides in a bureau of the department known as the Revenue Marine Division, which is in charge of a chief and a number of assistants. The present chief of the division is L. G. Shepard, Washington, D. C. The following statement is of January 1, 1892.

ORGANIZATION.

The present fleet of the service is composed of thirty-six vessels, all propelled by steam except two. Twentyfour steamers belong to the cruising fleet, sixteen being on the Atlantic and Gulf coasts, four on the northern lakes and four on the Pacific coast. Ten steamers are employed in the principal harbors for exclusive customhouse work, and one is specially charged with the enforcement of the anchorage laws of the port of New-York. The revenue cutters have a distinctive ensign and pennant, and the armament is from one to four guns, with small arms sufficient to supply the crew.

The duties of the revenue cutter service may be briefly stated as follows: They are such as pertain to the security of the customs revenue; the assistance of vessels in distress; the protection of wrecked property; the enforcement of the neutrality laws; the suppression of traffic in fire-arms and intoxicating liquors in Alaskan waters; the prevention of invasion of the seal fisheries by unauthorized persons; the enforcement of quarantine; the protection of merchant vessels from piratical attacks; the prevention of depredations by vessels upon the timber reserves; the enforcement of the laws governing merchant vessels, including the laws relating to name, hailing port, etc.; the laws with regard to license, enrolment and registry of merchant vessels, and the laws which require that life-saving appliances shall be carried, that passenger vessels shall not be overloaded, that vessels shall show the proper lights at night, that merchant steamers shall carry the evidences that their hull and machinery have been properly inspected and that their officers are licensed. The supervision of the anchorage grounds, embraced within the limits of New-York Harbor, is under the control of the service. The officers of the service are also required to report any disarrangement of the aids to navigation on our coasts. They are frequently called upon to suppress mutinies on board merchant vessels. Special duties are assigned to them in connection with the life-saving service.

The general cost of maintaining the service annually is in the neighborhood of one million dollars, and the amount of property saved and assisted during the same time represents from seven to ten times the cost of maintenance.

HISTORY.

This service was instituted on April 23, 1790, at the second session of the first Congress, in an act "to regulate the collection of the duties imposed by law on the tonnage of ships or vessels, and on goods, wares and merchandise imported into the United States." The primary object in establishing the corps was to aid in the collection of import and tonnage duties and to suppress smuggling. Ten revenue cutters were built, stationed from Portsmouth to Savannah, and officers ordered to the same, appointed by the President. In point of antiquity, the Revenue Cutter Service is only outranked by the army. The Revenue Cutter Service has made an honorable record in every war known to the country, many of its officers winning renown and distinction while so engaged. Steam was introduced into the service in 1845.

LIST OF VESSELS IN THE REVENUE CUTTER SERVICE.

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Steamer Manhattan, Captain Congdon, in charge of the anchorage grounds, New-York Harbor. Office Room 16, Barge Office.

The United States Board on Geographic Names.

AN act of Congress requires that uniform usage in regard to geographic nomenclature and orthography shall obtain throughout the Executive Departments of the Government, and particularly upon maps and charts issued by the various departments and bureaus. This board is constituted, and to it must be referred all unsettled questions concerning geographic names which arise in the Departments, and the decisions of the board are to be accepted by the Departments as the standard authority in such matters.

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Chairman.-Prof. Thomas C. Mendenhall, United States Coast and Geodetic Survey.
Secretary-Lieut. Commander Richardson Clover, Hydrographic Office, Navy Department.

Andrew H. Allen, Department of State; Captain Henry L. Howison, Light-House Board, Treasury Department; Captain Thomas Turtle, Engineer Corps, War Department; Pierson H. Bristow, Post-Office De. partment: Otis T. Mason, Smithsonian Institution; Herbert G. Ogden, United States Coast and Geodetic Survey; Henry Gannett, United States Geological Survey; Marcus Baker, United States Geological Survey.

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