The Congresses will be held in the permanent Memorial Art Palace, on the Lake Front Park. This building will have two large audience rooms, to seat about 3,000 persons each, and more than twenty smaller rooms, which will accommodate from 300 to 700 persons each. Popular meetings will be held in the main audience rooms. Meetings of chapters and sections of different Congresses for the discussion of subjects of more limited interest will be held in the smaller rooms. It will be possible to have two general Congresses and twenty special Congresses or Conferences in session at the same time, and, if necessary, to have three times as many meetings within a single day by arranging different programmes for morning, afternoon, and evening. At least one hundred congresses will be held in Chicago during the Exposition. The proceedings of the Congresses will be subsequently published in permanent form, and a programme is now being arranged for the various departments and their divisions by which the great specialists and advanced thinkers of the age may participate in discussing the important questions of the day.

The officers of the Auxiliary are Charles C. Ronney, President; Thomas B. Bryan, VicePresident; Lyman J. Gage, Treasurer; Benjamin Butterworth, Secretary.

Objects. The objects of the Congress are: "To provide for the proper presentation of the world's intellectual and moral progress, with the assistance of the leaders in all the chief departments of human achievement; to provide places of meeting and other facilities for kindred organizations to unite in Congresses in Chicago during the Exposition season, for the consideration of questions in their respective departments; to conduct popular Congresses in which will be presented summaries of the progress made and the most important results attained in the several departments of civilized life; to provide for the proper publication of the Congress proceedings as the most valuable and enduring memorial of the Exposition; and to bring all the departments of human progress into harmonious relation in the Exposition.

Woman's Progress.-Includes all the fields in which women have achieved success; and will embrace a General Congress of representative women of all countries, beginning May 15, 1893.

Public Press. Includes the Daily Press, Weeklies and Magazines, the Religious Press, Trade Journals, Scientific and Professional Journals, etc. Congresses will be held during the week beginning May 22, 1893.

Medicine.-Includes General Medicine and Surgery, Homeopathic Medicine and Surgery; Eclectic Medicine and Surgery; Medico-Climatology. Congresses will be held during the week beginning May 29. The Congresses of Dentistry, Pharmacy, and Medical Jurisprudence have been transferred to the week beginning August 14, 1893.

Temperance.

Includes the Woman's Christian Temperance Union; Catholic Temperance Societies, National Temperance Society; Independent Order of Good Templars; Sons of Temperance; Templars of Honor and Temperance; Royal Templars of Temperance; Non-partisan W. C. T. U.; Law and Order Leagues; Vegetarian Societies and similar organizations. Congresses will be held during the week beginning June 5, 1893.

Moral and Social Reform.-Includes Philanthropy, Prevention, Charity, and Reform, as represented by the National Conference of Charities and Correction; Women's Exchanges; Lodging Houses; Newsboys' and Bootblacks' Homes; Humane Societies; Provident Associations; Industrial Schools, Chil

dren's Missions; Children's Aid Societies: Day Nurseries; Relief Societies; Orphan Asylums; Homes for Old People; Asylums for Incurables Hospitals; Little Sisters of the Poor: Fresh Air Work; Soup Houses; Penal Institutions; Woman's Refuges; Houses of the Good Shepherd; Reform Schools; the Salvation Army, and the like. Congresses will be held during the week beginuing June 12, 1893.

Commerce and Finance.-Includes the general divisions of Banking and Finance; Boards of Trade; Stocks and Bonds; Water Commerce; Railway Commerce; Commercial Clubs and kindred organizations; Insurance; Building Associations; Mercantile Business, etc. The Insurance Congresses will include Fire Insurance, Marine Insurance, Life and Accident Insurance, Mutual Benefit and Assessment Associations, Fidelity and Employers' Liability Insurance, and Insurance Specialties. Congress will begin on June 19, 1898. The Water week of August, simultaneously with the EngineerCommerce Congress will be held during the first ing Congress.

Music.-Includes Orchestral, Art, Choral Music and Training, Songs of the People, Organ and Church Music, Musical Art and Literature, Musical Criticism and History, Opera Houses and Music Halls. Congresses will be held during the week beginning July 3, 1893.

Literature.-Includes Libraries, History, Philology, Authors, Folk-lore, and Copyright. Congresses will begin on July 10, 1893.

Education.-Includes Higher Institutions of Learning and University Extension; Public Instruction; the Kindergarten; Manual and Art Training: Business and Commercial Education; Education in Civil Law and Government; Instruction of the Deaf; Education of the Blind; Representative Youth of Public Schools; College and University Students; College Fraternities; Psychology-Experimental and Rational; Physical Culture; Domestic and Economic Education; Agricultural Education; Authors and Publishers. The General Division of Public Instruction in Music is transferred to the Department of Musical Art. Congresses will begin on July 17, 1893, and will be followed by the World's General Educational Congress, in which all Departments of Education will be represented.

Engineering.-Includes Civil Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Mining Engineering, Metallurgical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Military Engineering, Marine and Naval Engineering, Aerial Navigation, Engineering Education. Engineering Congresses and Water Commerce Congress will be held during the week beginning July 31, 1833.

Art.-Includes Architecture, Painting, Sculpture, Decorative Art, Photographic Art, Governmental Patronage of Art-Art Museums, Art Education, etc. Congresses will open on July 31, 1893.

Juris

Government.-Includes Jurisprudence and Law Reform, Political and Economic Reform, City Government, Executive Administration, Intellectual Property, Arbitration and Peace. prudence and Law Reform will include the Laws of Nations, Expatriation, Naturalization, and Extradition International Privileges of Citizenship, the Administration of Justice, etc. Political and Economic Reform will include Political Economy and Economic Science, Profit-sharing, Social Science, the Single Tax and other Theories; Public Revenues, Statistics, Weights and Measures and Coinage, Postal Service, Suffrage in Republics, Kingdoms, and Empires, Civil Service Reform, etc. City Government will include Municipal Order, the Public Service, Public Works, Police Protection, Public Revenues and Expenditures, and other important subjects. Executive Administration will include the nature, office, and application of Executive Power, in Municipal, State, and National Government. Intellectual Property will include Trademarks and Patents, both National and International.

Committee recently issued the following list of necessary expenses: Grading. filling, etc., $450,400; landscape gardening, $323,490; viaducts and bridges, $125,000; piers, $70,000; waterway improvements, $225.000; railways, $500,000; steam plant, $800,000; electricity, $1,500,000: statuary on buildings, $100,000; vases, lamps, and posts, $50,000; seating, $8,000; water supply, sewerage, etc., $600,000; improvement of lake front, $200,000; World's Congress Auxiliary, $200,000: construction department expenses, fuel, etc., $520,000; organization and administration, $3,308,563; operating expenses, $1,550,000; total, $10,530,453.

This sum, added to the amount to be expended in the erection of buildings, makes neces-ary a total expenditure for Exposition purposes of $18,530,453. (In round numbers, allowing a margin for contingencies, $18,750,000.) This does not include any part of the United States Government appropriation, or any part of the appropriations of the several States, or foreign countries. Of this $18,750,000 it is estimated that $17,000,000 will have to be paid out before the opening of the gates of the Exposition on May 1, 1893.

Legislation.-The act of April 6, 1892, provides that no citizen of any other country shall be held liable for the infringement of any patent granted by the United States, or of any trade-mark or label registered in the United States, where the act complained of is or shall be performed in connection with the exhibition of any article or thing at the World's Columbian Exposition at Chicago.

The act of May 12, 1892, provides that any National bank located in Chicago may be designated by the World's Columbian Exposition to conduct a banking office upon the Exposition grounds, and, upon approval by the Controller of the Currency, may open and conduct such office as a branch of the bank, subject to the same restrictions and having the same rights; provided, that the branch shall not be operated for more than two years, between July 1, 1892, and July 1, 1894.

The act of August 4, 1892, changes the date of the dedication of the buildings of the World's Columbian Exposition from October 12 to October 21, 1892.

The act of August 5, 1892, provides that for the purpose of aiding in defraying the cost of completing in a suitable manner the work of preparation for inaugurating the World's Columbian Exposition, there shall be coined at the mints of the United States silver half-dollars of the legal weight and fineness, not to exceed five million pieces, to be known as the Columbian half-dollar, struck in commemoration of the World's Columbian Exposition, the devices and designs upon which shall be prescribed by the Director of the Mint, with the approval of the Secretary of the Treasury; and said silver coins shall be manufactured from uncurrent subsidiary silver coins now in the Treasury. All provisions of law relative to the coinage, legaltender quality, and redemption of the present subsidiary silver coins are applicable to the coins issued under this act, and when so recoined there is appropriated from the treasury the said five millions of souvenir half-dollars, and the Secretary of the Treasury is authorized to pay the same to the World's Columbian Exposition, upon estimates and vouchers certified for labor doue, materials furnished and services performed in prosecuting the work of preparing the Exposition for opening as provided by the act of April 25, 1890; provided, however, that before the Secretary of the Treasury shall pay to the Exposition any part of the five million silver coins

satisfactory evidence shall be furnished him showing that the sum of at least $10,000,000 has been collected and disbursed as required by said act; and factory guarantee to the Secretary of the Treasury provided, that the Exposition shall furnish a satisthat any further sum actually necessary to complete the work of the Exposition to the opening has been or will be provided by the World's Columbian Exposition.

The appropriation thus provided shall be upon condition that the Exposition maintain and pay all expenses, costs, and charges of the great departExposition out of the Exposition funds. Fifty ments organized for conducting the work of the thousand bronze medals and the necessary dies therefor, with appropriate devices, emblems and inscriptions, celebrating the 400th anniversary of the discovery of America, shall be prepared under the supervision of the Secretary of the Treasury at a cost not to exceed $60,000, and the Bureau of Engraving and Printing shall prepare plates and make therefrom 50,000 vellum impressions for diplomas at a cost not to exceed $43,000. The medals and diplomas shall be delivered to the World's Columbian Commission, to be awarded to exhibitors in accordance with the provisions of the act of Congress approved April 25, 1890, and there is appropriated, from any moneys in the treasury not otherwise appropriated, $103,000, or so much thereof as inay be necessary, to pay the expenditures authorized by this section; and authority may be granted by the Secretary of the Treasury to the holder of a medal, properly awarded to him, to have duplicates made at any of the mints of the United States from gold, or silver, or bronze, at the expense of the person desiring the same.

All appropriations herein made for or pertaining to the Exposition are upon the condition that the Exposition shall not be opened to the public on Sunday; and if the appropriations be accepted by the World's Columbian Exposition, upon that condition, it is made the duty of the World's Columbian Commission to make the necessary modification of the rules of the Exposition corporation.

This bill, in its final shape, passed the Senate without discussion. In the House the vote was: Yeas, 131 (Reps. 82, Dems. 49); nays, 83 (Dems. 75, Inds. 8).

Officials.-The revised list of officials is as

follows:

President, Thomas W. Palmer, Michigan; First Vice-President, Thomas M. Waller, Connecticut ; Second Vice-President, M. H. de Young, California; Third Vice-President, Davidson B. Penn, Louisiana; Fourth Vice-President, Gorton W. Allen, New York; Fifth Vice-President, Alexander B. Andrews, North Carolina; Secretary, John T. Dickinson, Texas; Vice-Chairman Executive Committee, James A. McKenzie, Kentucky.

Commissioners-at-Large.-Commissioners: Aug. G. Bullock, G. W. Allen, P. A. B. Widener, Thos. W. Palmer, R. W. Furnas, Wm. Lindsay, Henry Exall, M. L. McDonald; Alternates: Henry Ingalls, Louis Fitzgerald, John W. Chalfant, Jaines Oliver, Hale G. Parker, Patrick Walsh, H. C. King, Thomas Burke.

Exposition Association of Chicago.-Director-General, George R. Davis; President, Harlow N. Higinbotham; First Vice-President, Ferd. W. Peck; Second Vice-President, Robert A. Waller; Secretary, Howard O. Edmonds; Treasurer, Anthony F. Seeberger; Auditor, William K. Ackerman; Attorney, William K. Carlisle; Chief of Construction, D. H. Burnham; Traffic Manager, E. E. Jaycox; Directors, William T. Baker, C. K. C. Billings, Thomas G. Bryan, Edward B. Butler, Benjamin Butterworth, Isaac N. Camp, William J. Chalmers, Robert C. Clowry, Charles H.Chappell, George R. Davis, Arthur Dixon, James W. Ellsworth, George P. Englehard,