HEAD MOVEMENT,

These exercises develop and train muscles of the neck and face. Few persons can turn the head easily to the side, or throw it well backward or forward. This will be found difficult as a simple gymnastic exercise, and as long as this is the case, the movement will not likely be used in gesture. You must free these muscles; then they will respond to gesture impulses. Muscles of Neck.

CUT 32.

I. "Stand as in Cut 32, but with arms folded as in Cut 21. Keep the head well erect, and with a firm count of "one" "two," turn the head to the right until you face over the right shoulder; then to the left in like manner. Repeat eight or ten times, and practice with energy.

Do not practice any of these exercises long at first. But while you do practice, practice vigorously. Let all movements be given with the neatness and precision of military drill.

2. Stand as in Cut 32, arms folded.

a. Drop the head well forward as far as possible, then raise it and throw it well back as at 4 n Cut 22. Do this with energy nd count as in Ex. I.

b. Hold head well erect. Move it well to the right, allowing it to

drop as near the shoulder as possible; then in like manner to the left. Repeat ten times with counts.

c. Drop the head forward and allow it to roll to the left in direction of arrow B, and so pass to points 2, 4, 3, and complete the circle at I. Repeat several times and then practice from left to right.

CUT 22.

FORWARD OR BACKWARD.

b

sist the directions.

Keep head well erect, so that the chin and forehead are on a perpendicular line as in Cut 20, and the line b is directly above the center of the head. Now, keeping the line of the face perpendicular, move the head forward firmly until line a is directly above the center; then, draw the head firmly back until c is above the center The outline of the cut will asMake these movements firmly

and keep the chin and forehead in perpendicular lineCount "one" and "two" to the Ex.

BODY MOVEMENT.

TURNING.

Stand with feet as in Cut 23, the line 5 should pass directly between the feet. Keep the arms folded. Keeping the feet firmly in position, turn the body to the right until the left side is toward line 5, and allow the head to turn still farther to the right and bring the back of the head toward 5. Then reverse this movement to the left until the right side of the body and the back of the head are toward line 5. Repeat several times vigorously. It will require some practice before you can execute this well. It is valuable as it trains a large number of muscles and renders many movements easy that otherwise would be very difficult.

6

5

EXTENSION.

Stand with feet as in Cut 23, hands as in lower figure of Cut 24. Raise the body upon the tips of the toes and allow the heels to turn inward until they touch and at the same time raise the shoulders as far as possible and then extend the arms upward, opening the hands and extending each finger to its fullest limit. After you have reached the utmost height, hold the body in position some seconds, then slowly come to former position and allow all muscles of the body to fully relax. Repeat

CUT 31.

CUT 33.

SWAYING.

Stand as in Cut 32. Keep the heels firmly together on floor, hands at waist. Now, keeping the feet firm, and not allowing either knee to bend, move the waist firmly to the right toward arrow I. In doing this, the shoulders will move in opposite direction as in Cut 31, and the head will incline to the right. But you need not try to move the shoulders or the head. Make a strong effort to move the waist to the right and the shoulders and head will take the proper position unless you unduly restrain them. Now, move the waist to the left, and the shoulders will move to the right and the head to the left. Be sure you do not bend a knee. Practice patiently as this is one of the most useful of all the exercises. It is not only an exercise for general bodily movement, but it will add power and vigor to the Voice. It is of more value for the voice than any one vocal exercise I have ever found, since it trains the diaphragm and gives the fullest and most vigorous action to all the waist muscles.

MOVEMENT BELOW THE WAIST.

N.-For numbers of Cuts, see plates at opening of Book. EXERCISES FOR FEET, ANKLES, LOWER LIMBS, KNEES, THIGHS AND FULL LIMB.

7

Stand as in Cut 3. Then, allowing the weight of the body to rest upon the left foot entirely, extend the right foot to the right until the ankle is fully extended and the toes of the foot touch the floor.

To change the weight of body to the right foot, move the waist to the right and allow the shoulders to go to the left as in last Ex. With the left foot at O of Cut, extend the right foot as far as possible in direction of lines 6, 7, 1, 5, and after each extension bring it again to former position.

2

The line passing through the one foot should intersect the other foot at or near the instep. Thus in

the Cut, the left foot at O, the right foot is in easy and neat position when on line 6 or 7, but awkward on line 1. While if the right foot is moved to position in Cut on 5, then the left foot is on l'ne to the instep of the right and the position is again easy.

This will be made plain in Cut 26. Here the weight is on the left foot, and the lines from the points in the square and circle all meet at 9, or at the instep of the left foot. Now, to extend the foot toward 2 or 3,