MASTER AND SERVANT. Negligence; con- tributory negligence by employee; what does not constitute. Hawley v. North. Cent. Ry. Co. (N. Y. App.)
2.- Negligence; one assisting servant at request of master, not co-servant. Kelly v. Johnson (Mass. S. C.)....... 3.-Negligence; master liable for injury to servant from defective machinery through negligence of co-ser- vant contributes. Cone v. Del. L. & W. R. R. Co. (N. Y. App.)...
4. Negligence; duty as to safe machinery; inspector and brakeman not co-servants. Braun v. Chicago, R. I. & P. R. R. Co. (Iowa S. C.) 5.-Negligence: defective machinery; contributory negligence of co-servant. McMahon v. Henning (U. S. C. C., Kans.)
6.- On what liability of master for injury to servant depends; superintendent performing duty of opera- tive fellow-servant. Crispin v. Babbitt (N. Y. App.),
MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS. Agent's lia- bility for trespass of Sprague v. Tripp (R. I. S. C.).. 236 2.-Bonds; issue in excess of constitutional limit of municipal liability; recital in bonds; bona fide holder; estoppel. Buchanan v. Litchfield (U. S. S. C.) 516 3.-Irregular exercise of power in issuing bonds does not invalidate bonds; recitals in deed do not estab- lish deed. Singer Manuf. Co. v. Elizabeth (N. J. S. C.) 517 4.-Power of, in charter as to regulation of slaughter- houses, included power of total prohibition within specified limits Cronin v. People (N. Y. App.). ... 430 5.-Contempt, cannot be guilty of. Bass v. Shakopee (Minn. S. C)
6. Limit of duty as to highways; evidence; commu- nication of patient to physician. Wilson v. Granby (Conn S. C.).
7.-Negligence; liability for contractors, in repair of street. City of Logansport v Dick (Ind. S. C.). 8.-Negligence; liability for defective cross-walk; bur- den of proof. Luedecke v. Buffalo (Buff. S. C.).... 9. Not liable for injury from defective approach to bridge not owned by it in its limits. Bishop v. Cen- tralia (Wis. S. C.).... 10.-Ordinance excluding slaughter-houses from fixed area in city; statutory construction; power to regu- late includes power to prohibit; reason for statute need not be set forth. Cropins v. People (N. Y. App)
11. Set-off in action against city; that preliminary steps must precede action does not preclude set-off; claim against county not actionable subject of. Taylor v. Mayor (N. Y. App.) 12.-Street railroad; permission to lay tracks not a fran- chise but a license. Buffalo C. R'y Co. v. N. Y. C. R. R. Co. (Buff. S. C.).... 13.-Exemption of cemeteries from taxation; assess- ments for local improvements. Olive Cemetery Co. v. Philadelphia (Penn. S. C.)...... 14. Town; action for personal injuries sustained by falling into a trench near a public building; when town or city is liable for defects. Larrabee v. Pea- body (Mass. S. C.).
NATIONAL BANKS. Construction of Federal statute; State court has jurisdiction in action against bank in another State; attachment against property of bank. Robinson v. National Bank (N. Y. App.), 15 2.-Jurisdiction of Federal courts. Foss v. First National Bank (U. S. C. C., Col.)... 3.-Jurisdiction of State courts, as to offenses by offi- cers of. Commonwealth ex rel. Torrey v. Kettner (Penn. S. C.) 292; Luberg v. Commissioner (Penn. S. C.)
4. When liable for frauds of officers. Steckel v. First National Bank (Penn. S. C.), 313; Zeigler v. First Na- tional Bank (Penn. S. C.), 314, Resh v. First National Bank (Penn. S. C.)....
5.-When liable for special deposits. Pattison v. Syra- cuse National Bank (N. Y. App.). 6.-Taxation of shares, remedy for illegal; Constitu- tional Law. National Albany Exchange Bank v. Hills (U. S. C. C., N. Y.).....
NEGLIGENCE. Bailment; a gratuitous bailee only liable for gross negligence; question for jury. Car- rington v. Ficklin's Executor (Va. S. C.). 2.-Contributory, of parents; railroad company owes no duty of protection to children trespassing upon its track. Cauley v. Pitts., Cin. & St. L. R. R. Co. (Penn. S. C.).
3.-Contributory, when a question for jury. Haskell v. New Gloucester (Me. S. C.) 4.-Dangerous article; gas; contributory; affirmative proof of want of. Smith v. Boston Gas-Light Co. (Mass. S. C.)....
5.-Firing cannon in public street, town not liable for negligence of officer in not preventing. Borough of Morristown v. Fitzpatrick.......
6.-Ice, negligent breaking of crop by steamboat. People's Ice Co. v. Excelsior (Mich. S. C.).. 7.-Objects liable to frighten horses; turnpike com- pany liable after notice. Eggleston v. Columbia Turnpike Road (N. Y. App.)....... 8.-Omission to ring bell and keep flagman at street crossing, if not contributing to injury from railroad train, not negligence. Pakalinskey v. N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R. Co. (N. Y. App.). 9.-Proximate cause; fire communicated by burning oil on stream. Kuhn v. Jewett (N. J. Ch.).. 10.-Remote cause; burning oil carried by stream. Kuhn v. Jewett, Rec'r (N. J. Eq ). 11.-Railroad company not liable for damages from sparks of engine leased to run on private road. Mar- quette, etc., R. R. Co v. Spear (Mich. S. C.) 12. Railroad engine sparks setting fire; that fire occurs not evidence of negligence. Reading & C. R. R. Co. v. Latshaw (Penn. S. C.)... 13.-Engine on railway near highway making noise with- out notice; question of fact. Hart v. Chicago, R. I. & P. Ry. Co. (Iowa S. C.)
See Action; Attorney; Bailment; Carrier of Passen- gers; Insurance, Fire: Master and Servant Municipal Corporations; New York City; Railroads; Water-
NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS.
able delay to present bill discharges drawer. v Eldred (Wis. S. C.)...
15.-Town; liability of, for injuries caused by defects in public places; negligence. Clark v. Waltham (Mass. S. C.) 16.-Village cannot embrace disconnected track of land. Smith v. Sherry (Wis. S. C.) See Bonds; Constitutional Law; Eminent Domain; New York City; Patent.
2.-Notice by mail of dishonor of bill. Forbes v. Omaha Nat. Bank (Neb. S. C.)..
3.-Payment of debt by certified check; loss of check; payment on forged indorsement; rights and liabili- ties of parties. Thompson v. Bank of British N. A. (N. Y. App.)....
4.-Promissory note, what is stipulated in; notice. Parker v. Plymall (Kans. S. C.). 5.-Promissory note; immaterial alteration adding "annually to "interest. Leonard v. Phillips (Mich. S. C.)..
MORTGAGE, Chattel. Power of mortgagee to pos- session when he feels insecure, not arbitrary. Roy v. Goings (Ill. S. C.).
2.-Chattel; rights of joint mortgagees. Hanrahan v. Roche (Buff. S. C.)..
3.-Chattels, on merchandise with privilege to sell; deed of trust. Scott v. Alfred (Tex. S. C.). 4.-Chattel, of subsequently-acquired personal prop- erty Lazarus v. Andrade (Eng. C. P. D.) 5.-Of goods to be manufactured when valid in equity. First National Bank of Alexandria v. Turnbull (Va. S. C.)
6. Promissory note; words bearer" or "order not essential to negotiability of. Porter v. Jonesville (U. S. C. C., Wis.)...
7.- Defense that maker was induced to sign by fraud, when unavailable. Fayette Co. Sav. Bank v. Steffes (Iowa S. C.)....
NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS-Cont'd. 10.- Holder for value; bar to action; estoppel; conflict of law. Brooklyn C. & N. R. R. Co. v. Nat'l Bank (U. S..S. C.)... 11.-Holder for value; liability of indorser to, when identity of maker falsely represented by payee. Monnen v. Conner (Buff. S. C.) ... 12.-Transfer in payment of antecedent debt shuts out equities. Blum v. Loggins (Tex. S. C.) 13.- Receiver's certificate not. Turner v. Peoria & S. R.
R. Co. (III. S. C.) See Banks and Banking: Mortgage; Partnership; Pleading; Usury.
5.-Infancy; evidence not objected to. Cutler v. Getz (Buff. S. C.)
NEWSPAPER. Law Weekly not. Beecher v. Stev- ens Minn. S. C.) NEW YORK CITY. Removal of officer must be for cause; supervising engineer not answerable for negligence of subordinates; review of removal. Peo- ple ex rel. Campbell v. Campbell (N. Y. App.)....... NOTICE. When notice of mortgage to soliciter not notice to client; equitable interest. Cave v. Cave (Eng. Ch. D.) See Recording Acts; Suretyship. NUISANCE. Obstructing highway, when private action lies for. Shepherd v. Barnett (Tex. S. C.).... 19 See Statutory Construction.
See Criminal Law; Tender. PLEDGE. See Title.
POSTMASTER. Not "officer of revenue," statu- tory construction; certificate of probable cause. Campbell v. James (U. S. C. C., N. Y.).................... PRACTICE. Appeal to Court of Appeals; order dis- charging arrest; opinion of court below cannot control order. In re Nebenzahl (N. Y. App.) 2.-Time when judge must sign exception; writ of error before exceptions signed no waiver; date of signature; evidence; proof of boundary lines by reputation; adverse possession; true owner in pos- session of part of lot. Hunnicut v. Peyton (U. S. S. C.) 3.-Injunction, notice of, by telegraph. Tonkinson v. Cartledge (Eng.)
4.-Imperfect service of copy, when sufficient. Osgoodby v. Seifert (Buff. S. C.)
5.-Jurisdiction of court over orders made at same term; appeal. Phillips v. Ordway (U. S. S. C.) - Entry of judgment; filing memorandum by judge not sufficient. Knapp, Rec., v. Roche (N. Y. App.). 454 7.- Rehearing after judgment; when petition should be filed. Brooks v. Burlington & S. Ry. Co. (U. S. S. C.) 8.-Order for publication under old Code, § 135; what sufficient to authorize. Belmont v. Coenen (N. Y. 516 App)
9.- Order not modified by opinion; when opinion may be referred to for explanation; discretion of court governed by rule; granting leave to plead after judgment on demurrer. Fisher v. Gould (N. Y. App.)
3.-Step-child; when step-father stands in loco pa- rentis. Smith v. Rogers (Kans. S. C.).......
11.- Vacating order of arrest; reference; entry of order. Stafford v. Amles (Buff. S. C.).
PARTITION. See Trust. PARTNERSHIP. Agreement between partner and third person; sub-partnership; sub-partner not liable as partner. Burnett v. Snyder (N. Y. App.)... 337 2.-Dissolution; when party dealing with firm bound by agreement of dissolution; vesting one partner with control of liquidation, factor. Hilton v. Van- derbilt (N. Y. App.)
3.-Dormant and ostensible partner; bill of exchange; firm in name of single meinber. Yorkshire Bkg. Co. v. Beatson (Eng. App.).
4.-Expulsion of member; Common Law Procedure Act, 1854, § 11; arbitration clause; order of reference. Russell v. Russell (Eng. Ch. D.)
5.-Partners signing notes in individual names; when creditor may elect between firm and individual liabil- ity; insolvency. First Nat. Bank of Portland; In re Thompson (Me. S. C.)....
6.-Joint and several note given by partners; when creditor may hold both firm and individual partners; insolvency. Ex parte Nason; In re Thompson (Me. S. C)
12. Writ used and filed may not be used in new pro- ceeding. In re Marson (Me. S. C.)...... See Executor; Criminal Law; Tender.
PRESCRIPTION. See Easement.
PRIVILEGED COMMUNICATION. See Slan- der and libel.
PROCESS. Not protection to party, but only to offi- cer. Barr v. Boyles (Penn. S. Ĉ.).. PROMISSORY NOTE. See Negotiable Instru ments.
PROTEST. See Negotiable Instruments.
PUBLIC CHARITY, Sectarian institutions; word purely Burd Orphan Asylum v. School Dist (Penn. S C.)..... PUBLIC POLICY. Money paid by third person to creditor to induce him to join in compromise, not recoverable back. Solinger v Earle (N. Y. App.).... 474 2.-Compounding crime; agreement not to prosecute misdemeanor; right to return of securities deposited. Whitmore v. Farley (Eng. Ch. D.)....
Action lies to compel construction of farm crossing. Jones v. Seligman, Trustee (N. Y. App.). 2.-Construction of statute relating to fences; owner of leased road liable for cattle killed by failure to fence. Fontain v. Southern P. R. R. Co. (Cal. S. C.), 57 3.--Removal of snow by street railway company; when company not liable for injury to adjoining property. Short v. Balt. City Pass. Ry. Co. (Md. App.). See Carrier of Passengers; Constitutional Law; Emi- nent Domain; Franchise; Injunction; Jurisdiction; Municipal Corporations; Negligence. RATIFICATION. See Constitutional Amendments. REAL ESTATE. Building erected by license on highway; right of way not. Walton v. Wray (Iowa S. C.).... 2.-Fixtures treated as personalty by all parties, not; estoppel. Smith v. Waggoner (Wis. S. C.) RECEIVER. Actions against; jury trial. Kennedy v. Indianapolis & L. F. R. R. Co. (U. S. C. C., Ohio).. 216
2. Of corporation; estate in hands of, liable upon cov- enant of corporation to pay rent. People v. Nat'l Trust Co. (N. Y. App.)..... 3.-Takes subject to claim of lienholder not party. Snow v Winslow (Iowa S. C.) 4. Where mortgage conditioned that mortgagee may take possession upon default, receiver may be ap- pointed if default occurs. Sacramento & P. R. R. Co. v. Superior Court (Cal. S. C.)...... RECEIVER OF STOLEN GOODS. See Crim- inal Law.
RECORD. Mistake of register in recording does not prejudice mortgagee. Sinclair v. Slawson (Mich. S. C.)... RECORDING ACT. Assignment of mortgago; unauthorized discharge by assignor after assign- ment; contents of assignment and record; estoppel; silence of assignee after unauthorized discharge. Bryan v. Judson (N. Y. App.)....... 2.-Notice; husband and wife; purchase by debtor of surety's land under mortgage sale. Hassey v. Wilke, (Cal. S C.).....
REGISTRATION. See Elections. RELIGIOUS SOCIETIES. Mandamus does not lie to compel restoration to membership. State ex rel. Soares v. Hebrew Congregation (La. S. C.). ..... 483 REMOVAL OF CAUSE. Act of Congress relat- ing to, from State to Federal courts, does not pro- vide for removal of criminal action on the ground of alienage. State of New Hampshire v. Grand Trunk R. R. Co. (U. S. C. C., N. H ). 2,-Under acts of 1866 and 1867; what is final trial or hearing. Jifkins v. Sweetser (U. S. S. C.)... 3.-Counter-claim establishing amount in dispute. Clarkson v. Manson (U. S. Č. C., N. Y.)... 4.-Mistrial not trial to prevent removal; amount. Bray- ley v. Hedges (Iowa S. C.)..
SEDUCTION. See Evidence. SET-OFF In action by husband and wife; debt owed by one only. Bentz v. Bentz (Penn. S. C.) ... See Municipal Corporations; Statute of Limitations. SLANDER AND LIBEL. An attorney, who is also an editor of a newspaper, cannot be summarily disbarred on account of his publishing in his news- paper a libel on a judge, not designed to acquire an influence over him in the exercise of his judicial functions through the instrumentality of popular prejudice. In the Matter of the Rules disbarring Steinman aad Hensel, attorneys (Penn. S. C.) 2.-Damages recoverable only for the slanderous words charged; evidence of repetition of words admissible to show malice Ward v Dick (Conn. S. C.) 3.-Mitigation of damages; reputation of plaintiff un- known to defendant not provable. Hatfield v. Lasher (N. Y. App.).... 4.-Privileged communication; criticism of conduct of public officer. Hamilton v. Eno (N. Y. App.)....... 196 5. Privileged communication; indorsement written by naval officer on resignation of plaintiff. Maurice v. Worden (Md. App.).
See Injunction. SLAUGHTER-HOUSE. See Easements; Munici- pal Corporations. SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE. Mortgage, agree- ment to purchase subject to, not agreement to assume. Lewis v. Day (Iowa S. C.).... See Action.
STATUTE OF FRAUDS. Contract invalid by; can only be avoided by parties to, marine insurance: insurable interest. Amsink v. American Ins. Co. (Mass S. C.)...
74 REWARD. Voluntary surrender of wrong-doer; party bringing about entitled to. Austrian case... 422 REPLEVIN. In State court of goods seized under Federal process. Heyman v. Covell (Mich. S. C.)... 392 See Husband and Wife.
RIGHT OF WAY. Over granted land surrounded by land of grantor, when not aliowable. Mayor v. Riggs (Eng.)... See Easement; Real Estate.
RIOT. See Insurance, Fire.
RIPARIAN RIGHTS. Custom as to use of streams; necessary age. Pennsylvania Coal Co. v. Sanderson (Penn. S. C.).....
2.-Action against indorser of forged paper by drawee. Merchants' Nat. Bank of Baltimore v. First Nat. Bank (U. S. C. C., Md.)....
8. Of personal property; title of Innocent vendee from fraudulent purchaser good delivery. minion S. Co. v. Burckhardt (Va. App.)... See Conflict of Laws; Trade-mark; Consignment; Stat- ute of Frauds.
SAVINGS BANKS. Degree of care required from trustees Hun, Rec'r, v. Cary (N. Y. App.)...... 329 2. What it is; rights of depositors; preferences; in- solvency; special deposits. Stocton, Att'y-Gen., v. Mechanics & L. Sav. Bank (N. J. Ch.)..
SURETYSHIP. Assumption of debt by one acquir- ing contract to sell real estate from vendee as secu- rity; Statute of Frauds. Roe v. Barker (N. Y. App.), 495 2.- Forbearance does not discharge surety. Winton v. Little (Penn. S. C.).................... 296
2. Maritime law; obligation of seaman to work on Sun- 396 day. Smith v. Schooner (U. S. D. C.)... 3.-Travel on; accident, while returning from funeral by unreasonable and indirect route Davis v. Somer- ville (Mass. S. C.)
4.- Injury by dog to traveller on; contributory negli- gence. White v. Lang (Mass. S. C.)... See Maritime Law.
5.-Married woman, under old Code as to statutory con- struction; old Code, § 101; new Code, 88 381, 414; Laws 1870, chap. 741; 1851, chap. 479; payment. Acker v. Acker (N. Y. Ápp.)
6. Note payable three months after demand; payment of interest not evidence of demand. Brown v. Rutherford (Eng. Ch. D.) 219
STATUTORY CONSTRUCTION, Special act controlling general-majority of official board act in absence of direction otherwise. Talcott v. Bland- ing (Cal. S. C.). 2.- Old Code, § 101; new Code, $$ 381, 414; Laws 1870, ch. 741; 1851, ch. 479. Acker v. Acker (N. Y. App.).. 35 3.- Lunatic's estate, sale of; when this court will not follow State courts as to State statutes Mohr v. Manierre (U.S. S. C.)
4.- Nuisance; oriel window. Goldstraw v. Duekworth (Eng. Q. B. D.)...
See Civil Damage Act: Criminal Law; Gambling; Grand Jury; Mails; Municipal Corporations; Na- tional Banks; Office and Officers; Postmaster; Prac- tice; Railroads.
3.-Official bond; when sureties not liable as to duties imposed by law passed subsequent to execution. White v. East Saginaw (Mich. S. C.).... 4.- Official bond; tax collector; how far surety liable. Ward v. Stahl (N. Y. App.)
5.- Official bond; bond signed with unfilled blanks estoppel; office vacant by default in filing bond when provision as to vacant directory. City of Chicago v. Gage (Ill. S. C.) 6.-What notice surety must give to creditor to compel legal action against debtor. Hunt v. Purdy (N. Y. App) 7.-Undertaking for employee of corporation; construc- tion of instrument; change of employment. Collier v. Southern Ex. Co. (Va. S. C.)
TAXATION. Of corporation must be at principal office as set forth in its certificate of incorporation; review of erroneous, need not be by čertiorari. Union Steamboat Co. v. Buffalo (N. Y. S. C.)
2. Collector not liable for enforcement of tax; war- rant valid on its face. Moss v. Cummins (Mich. S C.)
3.- Exemption of cemeteries from; assessment for local improvement. Olive Cemetery Co. v. Philadelphia (Penn. S. C.)
4. Of lands held by religious corporation. Boston Soc. of Redemptionist Fathers v. Boston (Mass. S. C.). . 375 See Constitutional Law: Eminent Domain; Franchise · National Banks.
TAX COLLECTOR. Liability of, for false return. Raynsford v. Phelps (Mich. S. C.) TELEGRAPH. See Contract; Practice. TELEPHONE. Contract with patentee to deny privilege to telegraph company invalid. State ex rel. Am. Un. Telegraph Co. v. Bell Telephone Co. (St. Louis C. C.)
TENANTS IN ENTIRETY. See Husband and Wife.
TENDER. Pleading admits the same to be due; of debt without costs after suit brought, no avail; practice; decision in writing under Code, § 1010. Eaton v. Wells (N. Y. App.).......
TITLE To goods pledged under unregistered bill of sale; bona fide purchaser. Taylor v. McKeand (Eng. C. P. D.)
See Banks and Banking; Foreclosure; Sale. TOWN, Must consist of contiguous territory. Chi- cago & N. W. Ry. Co. v. Oconto (Wis. S. C.)....... See Municipal Corporations.
TRADE. Restraint of; contract in; agreement not to follow calling within specified limits. Cook v. Johnson (Conn. S. C.).......
ULTRA VIRES. Savings bank may borrow money and mortgage securities; estoppel by law does not bind public. Ward v. Johnson (Ill S. C.).. UNITED STATES. See Confiscation act. USAGE. As to sale of tobacco by weight at time of packing instead of at that of sale; evidence; one witness may prove usage. Jones v. Hoey (Mass. S. C.) 297 USURY Accommodation paper; finding of referee on conflicting evidence; certificate by maker of, no defense; evidence of intent; consideration; ex- change of obligations. Bayliss v. Cockroft (N. Y. App.)....
2-Equitable action to relieve from usurious contract. Purnell v. Vaughan (N. C. S. C.)
3.-By agent, not chargeable to principal not cognizant. Van Wyck v. Walters (N. Y. App.). 4.-Contract will not be presumed to be usurious in absence of evidence to the contrary; compound in- terest not of itself usurious; attorney's fee, condition for lawful. Miner v. Paris Exchange Bank (Tex. S. C.)
5. As defense in equitable action. Matter of Hoole (U. S. D C., N. Y.).. 6.-Negotiable instruments; note made and payable in New York for use in another State. Wayne County Savings Bank v. Low (N. Y. App.)... 7.-Mortgage; parol evidence; estoppel by guaranty of mortgage. Fellows v. Wallace (Buff. S. C.). 8.-Will not be implied where no agreement therefor exists; commissions. Guggenheimer v. Geiszler (N. Y. App.)
See Constitutional Law; Insurance, Life. UTAH. See Conflict of Law.
WAIVER. Appearance fn justice's court; jurisdic- tion. Lane v. Leach (Mich S. C.)...
See Exemption; Insurance, Fire; Lease; Practice. WAREHOUSE RECEIPT. See Action WARRANT. See Criminal Law.
412 2.- Deceptive use of one's own name in; when will be restrained. Thorley's Cattle Food Co. v. Massam (Eng. App.). TRADE-MARK. Name of building; "Tower- palace; right to transfer name on removal. Arms- strong v. Kleinhaus (Louisville Ch. C.)... 2.-Belonging to firm; sale to partner of personal prop- erty and premises where business conducted does not include trade-mark. Huwer v. Dannerhoffer (N. Y. App.)......
3.-Arabic numerals may be. Lawrence Hosiery Manfg. Co. v Lowell Hosiery Mills (Mass. S. C.)... 4.-"Indian" and "Negro" head; similarity of appear- ance. Leidersdorf v. Flint (Wis. S. C.)
6.-"Rye and Rock" to designate mixture of rye whisky and rock candy not. Van Beil v. Prescott (N. Y. App.).............
WATER-COURSE. Negligence; obstructing nat- ural stream: artificial increase in volume of stream by act of another Sellick v. Hall (Conn. S. C.). 2.-Right of superior owner to use as outlet; artificial change in flow. McCormick v. Horan (N. Y App.), 94 See Eminent Domain; Riparian Rights. WILL. Affirmation of testator before subscribing wit- nesses; mero silent presence at reading is not. Aus- 324 trian case. 2.-Condition precedent to devise must be strictly per- formed. Nevins v. Gourley (Ill S. C.)... 3.-Construction; devise to wife with discretion to de- vise to children gives her fee. Foose v. Whitmore (N. Y. App ).. 475, 482 4.-Construction of; gift to A and the children of B; when donees take per stirpe; intention. Ferrer v. Pyne (N. Y. App.)
12.-On separate sheets of paper; extrinsic evidence to show constituent parts. Gould v. Lakes (Eng. Prob. D.)....
13. Takes effect as to testator's estate at death; con- struction. Boyes v. Cook (Eng., App.)...
14. Services to testator paid by legacy; Court of Ap- peals will not reverse on facts; evidence; parol not admissible to show testator's intention as to legacy; presumptions as to legacies. Reynolds v. Robinson (N. Y. App.)
See Bequest; Insanity; Parties; Witness.
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