PAGE

SECTION IX.-Famine of Three Years-War with the Philistines-The Pesti-

lence The preparation for the Temple-Solomon made King-Da-

vid's charge to the People and Solomon-David's death

SECT. X.-Solomon King-His sacrifice at Gibeon-Death of Adonijah and

Joab-Solomon prepares to build the Temple-The Treaty with Tyre

and Egypt

343

352

SECT XI.-The temple, its furniture, the Dedication-God appears a second

time to Solomon

356

.

363

SECT. XII.-Solomon's other buildings-The source of his wealth-Solo-

mon's offence, the troubles of his latter days-His death

SECT. XIII.-Division of the kingdom-Rehoboam's reign and death-Jero-

boam, the contemporary of Rehoboam and Abijam

SECT. XIV.-The' good reign of Asa-Contemporary kings of Israel-Nadab,

Baasha, Elah, Zimri, (Omri and Tibni,) Omri alone, Ahab

SECT. XV.-Ahab's reign continued-History of Elijah the Prophet-Ahab's

war with Benhadad-The sin of Ahab-The reign of Jehoshaphat,

king of Judah-The defeat of Rameth-Jehoshaphat's civil govern-

ment-His commerce-His war with Moab and Ammon

SECT. XVI.-Ahaziah's reign-History of Elisha, and the reign of Jehoram-

Naaman the leper-The Siege of Samaria and its miraculous deliver-

ance-The anointing of Jehu and Hazael-The reign of Jehoram and

Ahaziah king of Judan

368

375

380

. 390

SECT. XVII. Jehu's conspiracy-and reign-Athalia usurps the throne of

Judah-Joash the king of Judah-Joash king of Israel-The history of

Amaziah and Jeroboam (II.)-The reigns of Uzziah and Jotham-The

conspiracy against Zechariah king of Israel-The Civil War under

Menahem, and the invasion from Assyria

400

SECT. XVIII.-The reign of Ahaz-The fall of Samaria, and destruction of

the kingdom of Israel-The good reign of Hezekiah-Manasseh reigns

wickedly-The reign of Amon

SECT. XIX.-Josiah's reign-The finding of the copy of the Law-Josiah's

reformation Jehoahaz and Jehoiakim-The first removal of the

people to Babylon-Jehoiakim-The second removal to Babylon-Ze-

dekiah, the last king of Judah-The capture of Jerusalem

SECT. XX.-Some account of the Jews in their captivity

408

FROM THE BABYLONISH CAPTIVITY TO THE CONQUEST OF

JUDEA BY THE ROMANS.

SECTION I. From the edict of Cyrus, permitting their return to their own land,

to the finishing of the Second Temple

423

SECT. II. From the completion of the building of the Temple, to the Mission

SECT. III. From the arrival of Nehemiah to the invasion of Asia by Alexan-

der the Great

SECT. IV. Reign of Alexander the Great-Invasion of Asia by Alexander-

Conquest of the Persian empire-Siege and Capture of Tyre-Alexan-

der's visit to Jerusalem-Is met by Jaddua and the other Priests--His

strange behaviour-His kind treatment of the Jews-Conduct towards
the Samaritans-Death of Darius-Invasion of India-Voyage of Near-
chus-Capricious and violent character of Alexander-His death

SECT. V. From the time of the immediate successors of Alexander the Great,

to the death of Onias the High-Priest

454

460

PAGE

SECTION VI. The accession of Simon the Just-Megasthenes, Historian of In-

dia-Building of Seleucia-Destruction and Desolation of Babylon-

Death of Simon

SECT. VII.-Retrospect of the succession of Kings and High-Priests who had

authority over Judea, until the death of Simon the Just-Simon suc-

ceeded by Eleazar in the Priesthood-By Antigonus as President of

the Sanhedrim -Mishnical Doctors-Sanhedrim-How conducted-

Changes in the Jewish worship

SECT. VIII. The reign of Ptolemy Philadelphus-Tower of Pharos-Septua-

gint Version-Library of Alexandria

SECT. IX.-Origin of the Sadducees-Berosus, the Chaldean Historian-Riches

and Commerce of Tyre-Alexandria-Arsinoe, her death and monu-

ment-Character of Ptolemy

SECT. X.-Ptolemy Euergetes -Berenice-Prophecies fulfilled-The Arun-

delian Marbles

465

469

471

477

480

. 482

SECT. XI.-Ptolemy Euergetes an encourager of Learning-Seleucus defeated

and taken prisoner-Origin of the Kingdom of the Parthians-Remark-

able history of Joseph-Great earthquake in the East

SECT. XII.-Accession of Ptolemy Philopater to the throne of Egypt-His

contest with Antiochus-His cruelty-Visits Jerusalem and attempts

to enter the Sanctuary-Resolves to exterminate the Jews-Their

providential deliverance-He dies and leaves the Kingdom to his

son Ptolemy Epiphanes, only five years of age-Antiochus endeavours

to conquer Egypt-Engages in War with the Romans-Marches an

army to the East, to collect Tribute-Robs the Temple of Belus of its

treasures but is slain by the enraged populace-Remarkable story of

Joseph and his son Hyrcanus

. 486

SECT. XIII. Judea falls under the power of Antiochus-Predictions respect-

ing Seleucus-Good character of Onias the High-Priest-Jason's wicked

conduct-And the more wicked of Menelaus-Death of Onias-Rob-

bery of the Temple by Lysimachus-Strange sights seen at Jerusalem-

Temple desecrated by Antiochus-Wretched end of Menelaus-Antio-

chus invades Egypt, but is met by an embassy from Rome-Dreadful

persecution of the Jews by Antiochus Epiphanes

. 495

SECT. XIV.-Asmonean family of Modin-Constancy of Mattathias-He and

his friends take refuge in the Mountains-Martyrdom of Eleazar-Of

the Mother and her Seven Sons-Assideans-Antiochus aims to destroy

all copies of the Law-Death of Mattathias-Judas Maccabæus-Books

of the Maccabees-Victories of Judas-Antiochus resolves to destroy

the whole Jewish Nation-Wonderful success of Judas-Occupies Jeru-

salem-Cleanses and dedicates anew the Temple-Prophecies respect-

ing Antiochus Epiphanes

SECT. XV. History of Judas continued-Distressing condition of the Jews-

Death of Eleazar, brother of Judas - Death of Antiochus-Miserable

end of Menelaus-Civil War between the two brothers in Egypt-In-

terposition of the Romans-Demetrius succeeds Antiochus-Alcimus

appointed High-Priest-The quarrel of the two brothers, Ptolemy

Philometor and Ptolemy Physcon, brought before the Roman Senate and

decided

513

SECT. XVI.-The War renewed-Suicide of Razis-Victory of Judas and

death of Nicanor-Bacchides is sent to succeed Nicanor-Death of

Judas-Dreadful state of the Jews-Jonathan and Simon, brothers of

Judas, make a successful stand-Death of Alcimus-the Jews enjoy rest

for two years-War between the two Ptolemies renewed-Demetrius

abandons himself to dissipation An impostor arises to claim his

crown-Both court the aid of Jonathan-Jonathan assumes the office of

High-Priest-Alexander Balas obtains the throne of Syria

. 519

SECT. XVII.-Onias obtain the favour of the King and Queen of Egypt-Builds

there a temple similar to that at Jerusalem-Contentions between the

Jews and Samaritans about the place of worship-Hipparchus the

Astronomer-War between Alexander the Impostor and Demetrius-

The former forsaken by his father-in-law is overthrown and slain

B

. 524

PAGE

SECTION XVIII.-Carthage and Corinth destroyed in the same year-History of

Polybius-Cleopatra marries Physcon, who murders her son by her

former husband-Syria in a disturbed state-Tyrannical conduct of

Demetrius-Tryphon conspires against him and overcomes him-Theos

is made King, who grants great privileges to Jonathan and Simon . . 527

SECT. XIX.-Jonathan renews his league with the Romans and Lacedemo-

nians-He and Simon call a Great Council of the Nation-Tryphon

treacherously murders Jonathan-Simon succeeds him-Erects a famous

Monument for his brothers-Demolishes the strong fortress at Jeru-

salem- Demetrius goes against the Parthians, and falls into their

Hands-His life is spared by Mithridates, who gives him his daughter

in marriage-Cleopatra marries Antiochus Sidetes, who invades Syria,

and overcomes and slays Tryphon-Simon sends an embassy to Rome

to obtain their confirmation of his authority-Antiochus seeks the

destruction of Simon-Beastly character of Ptolemy Physcon and

Attalus-Simon treacherously murdered at Jericho
. 529

SECT. XX.-Antiochus invades Judea-Besieges Hyrcanus in Jerusalem-

Terms of Peace-Family of Josephus-Book of Ecclesiasticus-Antio-

chus Sidetes marches an army into the East, where he is attacked and

slain by Phraates-Hyrcanus seizes the opportunity of delivering his

country from subjection to the Syrian yoke-Demetrius restored to his

Throne-Invades Egypt-Is called back by a revolt at Antioch-Ptole-

my raises up a youth who pretends to be the son of Alexander Balas-

He raises an army and defeats Demetrius, who is slain at Tyre-Alex-

ander Zebina reigns over Syria-Vast swarm of Locusts-Zebina

defeated and put to death

534

SECT. XXI.-Remarkable season-Cleopatra dies by a potion prepared for

her Son-Disturbances in Syria-John Hyrcanus goes on prosperously-

Is opposed by the Pharisees-Origin of this sect-Hyrcanus joins the

Sadducees-His death-The Castle of Baris.
539

SECT. XXII.-Hyrcanus succeeded by Aristobulus, his son, who forces the

Itureans to embrace the Jewish religion, as his father had the Idu-

means-Slays his brother Antigonus, but repents and dies in great

agony-Story of Judas the Essene-Origin of this Sect-Alexander suc-

ceeds his brother, Aristobulus-Siege of Ptolemais-Defeat of Alex-

ander by Lathyrus-Civil War-Anna the Prophetess-Death of Alex-

ander Janneus

. 541

PART VI.

FROM THE CONQUEST OF JUDEA BY THE ROMANS UNTIL THE

DESTRUCTION OF JERUSALEM.

SECTION I.-Alexander bequeaths the kingdom of Judea to Alexandra his wife-

counsels her to conciliate the Pharisees-Origin of the family of the

Herods-Disputes about the Priesthood-Pompey comes into the East-

His head-quarters at Damascus-The quarrel between Aristobulus and

Hyrcanus brought before him-Imprudent conduct of Aristobulus-

Pompey is received into Jerusalem-Enters the Sanctuary-Places

Hyrcanus in the office of High-Priest-Orders the walls of Jerusalem

to be demolished-Leaves a garrison in the city, and departs

SECT. II.-Octavius Cesar born-Diodorus Siculus-Alexander, son of Aristo-

bulus, escapes from Rome-Seizes several strong places-Gabinius,

Governor of Syria-Aristobulus himself escapes from Rome, and raises

new disturbances in Judea-Crassus visits Jerusalem and robs the

Temple of its treasures-The judgment of God overtakes him-Battle

of Pharsalia-Cesar confirms Hyrcanus in the Priesthood-Antipater ac-

companies Cesar in all his expeditions-His four sons-Herod arraigned

549

PAGE

for illegally putting certain thieves to death-Meditates the destruc-

tion of Hyrcanus and the whole Sanhedrim-Receives from Sixtus the

government of Cœlo-Syria

SECTION III.-The Julian Year-Death of Cesar-Malichus, his influence and

character-Death of Antipater-Battle of Philippi-Antigonus, young-

est son of Aristobulus, claims the Kingdom-The Parthians again

cross the Euphrates-Are hired to invade Judea to make Antigonus,

son of Aristobulus, King-His adherents are resisted by Herod and

Phasael-Civil war within the city of Jerusalem-Flight of Herod and

death of Phasael

555

562

565

. 559

SECT. IV.-Herod obtains the favour of Antony, and is solemnly appointed

King of Judea-Is successful against his enemies-Antony sends him

two legions to reduce Jerusalem, still in the possession of Antigonus-

Herod goes to Samosata to meet Antony-Returns to Judea with fresh

forces-His brother Joseph slain in an expedition against Jericho-

Herod lays siege to Jerusalem-Mariamne the wife of Herod-Jeru-

salem taken and given up to pillage-Abject spirit of Antigonus.

SECT. V.-Herod established on the throne of Judea-Destroys the whole

Sanhedrim except two- Hillel and Shammai -Their distinguished

descendants-Simon-Gamaliel-Judah Hakkadosh-Scholars of Hillel

-Chaldee Paraphrases-Their high estimation among the Jews-Jona-

than Ben Uzziel and Onkelos

SECT. VI.-Ananelus made High-Priest-Hyrcanus a captive among the Par-

thians-His desire to return-Alexandra, the mother of Aristobulus

and Mariamne his sister, dissatisfied that he was passed over when

Ananelus was exalted to be High-Priest-Herod causes Aristobulus to

be drowned-Cleopatra visits Jerusalem-Her manners so licentious

that even Herod is disgusted-Great earthquake in Judea-Antony

entirely defeated at Actium-Herod now seeks to conciliate the favour

of the conqueror, and succeeds-Mariamne manifests the utmost hatred

of Herod-Herod became furious with jealousy, and put both his

uncle Joseph and Mariamne to death-Immediately he was seized with

intolerable remorse, and fell sick-Becomes more severe-Is insti-

gated to acts of cruelty by Alexandra and others-Conspiracy against

his Life

569

SECT. VII.-Divine judgments on the land-Herod erects a stately palace

on Mount Zion-Erects another palace on a beautiful hill seven miles

from Jerusalem-Aristobulus and Alexander, sons of Mariamne sent to

Rome for education-Herod repairs to Mitylene, to visit Agrippa-

Augustus himself visits the East-Is waited on by Herod-All accusa-

tions against him turn out to his benefit-Undertakes to rebuild the

Temple-The work commenced just forty-six years before Christ's

first passover

. . 574

SECT. VIII.-Herod visits his sons at Rome-Attends the Olympic Games on

his way-Is received with honour by Augustus-Brings his sons back

to Jerusalem-The rebuilding of the Temple is driven on-Imprudent

speeches of Herod's sons, Alexander and Aristobulus-Domestic

troubles of Herod increase-Becomes more suspicious-The young

men, his sons, continue to indulge in rash speeches-Archelaus, king of

Cappadocia and father-in-law to Alexander, comes to Jerusalem-

Herod's expedition to Arabia-Difference between him and his sons

increases-Augustus recommends a council-Herod accuses his sons,

and the judges pronounce sentence of condemnation against them-

Herod causes this sentence to be carried into execution at Sebaste,

by strangulation

SECT. IX.-Antipater conspires agansit the life of his Father-Pheroras dis-

pleases his brother by refusing one of his daughters and marrying a

maid servant-He joins the plot of Antipater-The Temple of Janus at

Rome closed-The Angel Gabriel sent to Mary at Nazareth-Birth of

Jesus Christ at Bethlehem-The registration which called them thither

-Luke and Josephus reconciled-Visit of the Magians-Massacre of

the Infants-Herod causes his son Antipater to be put to death-Gives

orders to slay all the eminent men of the country, that there might be

mourning at his own death, which he perceived was near-Death of

578

Herod His family and descendants-Division of the kingdom among

-

PAGE

SECTION X.-Joseph returns from Egypt-Vulgar Era-Archelaus goes to Rome

and is deposed - Cyrenius governor of Syria-The Jews resist the

taxation by the Romans-Annas appointed High-Priest by the Romans

-Death of Augustus

582

. . 587

SECT. XI.-Procuratorship of Valerius Gratus-Annas removed from the office

of High-Priest and Ishmael substituted-Eleazar, son of Annas, is put in

his place, and the next year Gratus removes him, and substitutes

Simon son of Cannith-Caiaphas-Gratus recalled and succeeded by

Pontius Pilate-Preaching of John the Baptist-Baptism of Christ-

Death of John-Public ministry of Christ-Death of Christ-His Resur-

rection and Ascension-Pilate's account of Christ, sent to the empe-

ror-Pilate removed by Vitellius, Governor of Syria, and sent to Rome,

whence he was banished to Gaul-Tiberius dies, and is succeeded by

Caius Caligula.

589

SECT. XII.-Preaching of the Apostles-Martyrdom of Stephen and ensuing

persecution-Conversion of Paul-Caiaphas removed from the High-

Priesthood by Vitellius, and Ananas substituted-Agrippa acquires the

supreme power of Judea-Herod Antipas banished to Gaul-Embassy

from Alexandria to Rome-Philo Judeus-Caius succeeded by Claudius

-Theophilus removed from the priesthood and Simon put in his

place-Petronius, Governor of Syria, succeeded by Marsus-Agrippa

zealous for the Jewish religion, but severe towards the Christians-

Remarkable death of Agrippa-His character and successors

592

SECT. XIII.-Fadus made Procurator of Judea-Dearth in the reign of Clau-

dius-Proselytes to Judaism-False Messiah-Fadus recalled, and suc-

ceeded by Tiberius Alexander-Herod, King of Chalcis, displaced Joseph

the son of Camus from the High-Priesthood, and substituted Ananias

the son of Nebedeus-Tiberius Alexander recalled, and Cumanus ap-

pointed to succeed him-Commotions at Jerusalem-Dispute between

the Galileans and Samaritans-Cumanus recalled and Felix appointed

Procurator-Tumultuous conduct of the Jews-Death of Claudius-

Succeeded by Nero-Anarchical state of Judea during the Procurator-

ship of Felix-Is succeeded by Festus-Both reside at Cesarea-Festus

dies-Is succeeded by Albinus-State of society more and more disor-

dered-Ananus made High-Priest-Cestius Gallus visits Jerusalem . 597

SECT. XIV.-Rome set on fire by Nero-Disturbances at Cesarea-Florus,

the Procurator, excites insurrection-His cruelty-The Jews complain

to Agrippa-Eleazar, son of the High-Priest, and Master of the Temple,

persuades the priests to reject all Pagan sacrifices-Dreadful commo-

tions in Judea, and massacres in the Temple-Cestius Gallus marches

an army towards Jerusalem-The Jews assembled at the Feast of

Tabernacles, furiously rush on the hostile army, and slay five hundred

men-Agrippa interposes-Persuades the Jews to make peace, but in

vain-Gallus brings back his army to the gates of Jerusalem-Retires

again to Scopas-Is attacked in the defile of an ambuscade, and flies

with a few hundred men-Josephus, the historian, appointed to the

command of Galilee and Gamala-Nero sends Vespasian to Judea-He

first subdues Galilee-Bands of robbers infest the country-The Zeal-

ots-Parties in Jerusalem-Cruelties perpetrated.

. 604

SECT. XV.-Vespasian's preparations for carrying on the war-State of parties

in Jerusalem-Titus marches his army to Jerusalem and commences

the Siege-Great multitudes of people within the walls-External part

of the city taken by Titus-Great efforts made to bring the Jews to

terms, but in vain-Castle of Antonia demolished-A lady eats her

own child in the famine-The Temple is set on fire and destroyed,

contrary to the wishes and orders of Titus-The walls thrown down,

and the site of the Temple ploughed over-Dreadful infatuation of the

Jewish nation-Their restoration clearly predicted

. 612