I love the quiet midnight hour, When Care, and Hope, and Passion sleep, And Reason, with untroubled power, Can her late vigils duly keep; I love the night: and sooth to say, Prefer the cricket's grating wing. But, see! pale Autumn strews her leaves, Her withered leaves, o'er Nature's grave, While giant Winter she perceives, Dark rushing from his icy cave; And in his train the sleety showers, That beat upon the barren earth; Thou, cricket, through these weary hours, Shalt warm thee at my lonely hearth. ΠΥΜΝ. My God, I thank thee! may no thought E'er deem thy chastisements severe; But may this heart, by sorrow taught, Calm each wild wish, each idle fear. Thy mercy bids all nature bloom; The sun shines bright, and man is gay; Thine equal mercy spreads the gloom That darkens o'er his little day. Full many a throb of grief and pain Thy frail and erring child must know, But not one prayer is breathed in vain Nor does one tear unheeded flow. Thy various messengers employ; Thy purposes of love fulfil; And mid the wreck of human joy, May kneeling faith adore thy will! FUNERAL DIRGE He has gone to his God; he has gone to his home; His eyes are no longer dim ; No grief can follow him, No pang his cheek can alter. There are paleness, and weeping, and sighs below; While old friends press to meet him. We will follow thee, by heaven's light, The souls whom God will unite. JOHN ENGLAND. JOIN ENGLAND, the Roman Catholic Bishop of Charleston, was born in Cork, Ireland, September 23, 1786. He was educated in the schools of his native town, and at the age of fifteen, avowing his intention to become an ecclesiastic, was placed under the care of the Very Rev. Robert M'Carthy, by whom he was in two years fitted for the college of Carlow. During his connexion with this institution, he was instrumental in procuring the establishment of a female penitentiary in the town. On the ninth of October, 1808, he was ordained Deacon, and the following day Priest, and was appointed lecturer at the Cork Cathedral, an office which he discharged with great success. In May, 1809, he started a monthly periodical, The Religious Repertory, with the object of supplanting the corrupt literature current among the people, by a more healthy literary nutriment. He was also active in various charitable works, and indefatigable in his attendance on the victims of pestilence, and the inmates of prisons. In 1812 he took an active part, as a political writer, in the discussion of the subject of Catholic Emancipation. In 1817 he was appointed Parish Priest of Bandon, where he remained until made by the Pope, Bishop of the newly constituted See of Charleston, embracing the two Carolinas and Georgia. He was consecrated in Ireland, but refused to take the oath of allegiance to the British government customary on such occasions, declaring his intention to become naturalized in the United States. He arrived in Charleston, December 31, 1820. One of his first acts was the establishment of a theological seminary, to which a preparatory school was attached. This led to corresponding exertions on the part of Protestants in the matter of education, which had hitherto been much neglected, and the first number of the Southern Review honored the bishop with the title of restorer of classical learning in Charleston. He was also instrumental in the formation of an "Anti-duelling Society," for the suppression of that barbarous and despicable forin of manslaughter, of which General Thomas Pinckney was the first president. He also commenced a periodical, The United States Catholic Miscellany, to which he continued a constant contributor to the time of his death. "She The bishop was greatly aided in his charitable endeavors, and in his social influence, by the arrival of his sister, Miss Joanna England. threw her little fortune into his poverty-stricken institutions. Her elegant taste presided over the literary department of the Miscellany. Her feminine tact would smoothe away whatever harshness his earnest temper might unconsciously infuse into his controversial writings. Her presence shed a magic charm around his humble dwelling, and made it the envied resort of the talented, the beautiful, and gay."* This estimable lady died in 1827. In times of pestilence, Bishop England was fearless and untiring in his heroic devotion to the sick. He was so active in the di-charge of his duties and in his ordinary movements, that on his visits to Rome, four of which occurred during his episcopate, he was called by the cardinals, il vescovo a vapore. It was on his return from the last of these journeys, that in consequence of his exertions as priest and physician among the steerage passengers of the ship in which he sailed, he contracted the disease, dysentery, which was prevalent among them. He landed after a voyage of fifty-two days in Philadelphia, and instead of recruiting his strength, preached seventeen nights in succession. His health had been impaired some months previously, and although on his arrival at Charleston he became somewhat better, he died not Memoir of Bp. England prefixed to his works. long after, on the eleventh of April, 1842, in the fifty-sixth year of his age. The collected works of Bishop England* bear testimony to his literary industry, as well as ability. They extend to five large octavo volumes of some five hundred pages each, closely printed in double columns. They are almost entirely occupied by essays on topics of controversial theology, many of which are in the form of letters published during his lifetime in various periodicals. A portion of the fourth and fifth volumes is filled by the author's addresses before various college societies, and on other public occasions, including an oration on the character of Washington. These writings, like the discourses which in his lifetime attracted admiring crowds, are marked by force and elegance of style. THOMAS SMITH GRIMKÉ Thos. S. Imake Was born in Charleston, S. C., September 26, 1786. He was a descendant of the Huguenots. At the age of seventeen he was at Yale College, and travelled with Dr. Dwight during one of his vacations. Returning home, he studied law in the office of Mr. Langdon Cheves, and gradually attained distinction at the bar and in the politics of his state. His most noted legal effort was a speech on the constitutionality of the South Carolina "test oath" in 1834. As state senator from St. Philip's and St. Michael's in a speech on the Tariff in 1828, he supported the General Government and the Constitutional authority of the whole people. His literary efforts were chiefly orations and addresses illustrating topics of philanthropy and reform. Literature also employed his attention. He wrote several articles for the Southern Review. In a Fourth of July Oration at Charleston in 1809, by the appointment of the South Carolina State Society of Cincinnati, he supports union, and describes the horrors of civil war. Thus should we see the objects of these States not only unanswered but supplanted by others. They had instituted the civic festival of peace, and beheld it changed for the triumph of war. They had crowned the eminent statesman with the olive of the citizen, and saw it converted into the laurels of the warrior. The old man who had walked ex ultingly in procession, to taste the waters of freedom from the fountain of a separate government, beheld the placid stream that flowed from it suddenly sink from his sight, and burst forth a dark and turbulent torrent. His addresses on peace societies, Sunday schools, temperance and kindred topics, secured him the respect and sympathy of a large circle. He published and circulated gratuitously a large edition of Hancock on War, and at his death was republishing Dymond's Enquiry into the Accordance The Works of the Right Rev. John England, First Bishop of Charleston, collected and arranged under the advice and direction of his immediate successor, the Right Rev. Ignatius Aloysius Reynolds, and printed for him, in five volumes. Baltimore: John Murphy & Co. 1849. of War with the Principles of Christianity, for which he wrote an introductory essay. In 1827 he delivered an address on The Character and Objects of Science before the Literary and Philosophical Society of South Carolina; in 1830, an address before the Phi Beta Kappa of Yale, on The Advantages to be derived from the Introduc tion of the Bible and of sacred literature as essential parts of all Education, in a literary point of view. His oration on American education before the Western Literary Institute and College of Professional Teachers at Cincinnati, was delivered by him only a few days before his death, which occurred suddenly at the house of a gentleman by the roadside, from an attack of cholera, October 12, 1884, while on his way to Columbus, Ohio. In a prefatory memorandum to this last address, the views of orthography which he had latterly adopted are clearly stated. 66 Having been long satisfied that the orthography of the English language not only admitted but required a reform; and believing it my duty to act on this conviction, I hav publishd sevral pamphlets accordingly." These are his several propositions, which we give mostly in his words, following the exact spelling. 1. He omits the silent e in such classes of words as disciplin, respit, believ, creativ, volly, &c. 2. Introduces the apostrophe where the omission of the e might change the sound of the preceding vowel from long to short, as in requir'd, refin'd, deriv'd. 3. Nouns ending in y added ans to make the plural instead of changing y into ie, as pluralitys, enmitys, &c. 4. In verbs ending in y, instead of changing into ie and then adding an s or d, he retains the y and adds s or d: as in burys, buryd, varys, varyd, hurrys, hurryd. 5. In similar verbs where the y is long, I retain the y, omit the e, and substitute an apostrophe, as in multiply's, multiply'd, satisfy's, satisfy'd. 6. In such words as sceptre, battle, centre, I transpose the e, and write scepter, battel, center. 7. He suppresses one of two and the same consonants where the accent is not on them; as in necesary, excelent, ilustrious, recomend, efectual, iresistible, worshipers. 8. In such words as honor, favor, savior, neighbor, savor, the u is omitted. 9. In adjectives ending in y; instead of forming the comparativ and superlativ by changing y into ie and adding er and est, I hav retained the y, and simply added the er and est, as in easyer, easyest, holyer, holyest, prettyer, prettyest. In quotations and proper names, I hav not felt call'd upon to change the orthography. This was not Grimke's only literary heresy. In his oration on the subject "that neither the classics nor the mathematics should form a part of a scheme of general education in our country," he condemns all existing schemes. I think them radicaly defectiv in elements and modes." They are not" decidedly religious," neither are they "American." The latter, since the classics and mathematics being the same everywhere, are not of course distinctive to the country. "They do not fill the mind," he says, "with useful and entertaining knowledge." "As to valuable knowledge, except the first and most simple parts of arithmetic, I feel little hesitation in saying, as the result of my experience and observation, that the whole body of the pure mathe matics is ABSOLUTELY USELESS to ninety-nine out of every hundred, who study them. Now, as to entertainment. Does more than one out of every hundred preserv his mathematical knowlege?" "Ten thousand pockets," says he," might be pick'd without finding a dozen classics." "I ask boldly the question, what is there in the classics, that is realy instructiv and interesting?" He asks triumphantly -the ignorance is amazing,-" What orator ever prepared himself for parliamentary combat over the pages of Cicero or Demosthenes?" "Having dispos'd of the orators and historians, let us now attend to the classic poets, of what value are they? I answer of none, so far as useful knowlege is concerned; for all must admit, that none is to be found in this class of writers. It is plain that truth is a very minor concern, with writers of fiction. * I am strangely mistaken, if there be not more power, fidelity, and beauty in Walter Scott, than in a dozen Homers and Virgils. *** Mrs. Hemans has written a greater number of charming little pieces, than are to be found in Horace and Anacreon." The activity of Grimké's mind was sometimes in advance of his judgment. He was a happy man in his life,-his benevolence, and the ardor of his pursuits filling his heart. His death was received with every token of respect at Charleston, the preamble to the resolutions of the bar declaring "his mild face will no longer be seen among us, but the monuments of his public use.fulness and benevolence are still with us, and the memory of his virtues will still dwell within our hearts."* The introduction of the Bible into schools was a favorite idea with him, which he urged in his Phi Beta address. He wrote occasional verses, and a descriptive poem on the Passaic, which is unpublished. As a speaker, he showed great readiness in a copious and fluent style. A brother of the preceding, Frederick Grimké, is the author of a popular political text-book, entitled The Nature and Tendency of Free Institutions, published in Cincinnati in 1848. SAMUEL FARMAR JARVIS. SAMUEL FARMAR, the son of the Rev. Dr. Abraham Jarvis, afterwards bishop of the diocese of Connecticut, was born at Middletown in that State, January 20, 1787. He was educated under the care of his father, and entered the Sophomore class of Yale College in 1802. He was ordained deacon March 18, 1810, and priest April 5, 1811, by his father, and became, in 1813, the rector of St. Michael's Church, Bloomingdale, New York. In 1819 he was appointed Professor of Biblical Learning in the recently organized General Theological Seminary, a position he retained until his removal in 1820 to Boston, in acceptance of a call to the rectorship of St. Paul's church, where he remained until July, 1826, when he sailed for Europe. He remained abroad until 1835, pursuing his studies and collecting books connected with ecclesiastical history. Six of the nine years of his absence were passed in Italy. On his return he filled for two years the professorship of Oriental Literature in Washington College, Hartford. In 1837 he removed to Middletown to take charge, as rector, of Christ church in that place. He resigned this position in 1842, and devoted the remainder of his life to a work which he had cominenced immediately after his return from Europe. This was a history of the church, a work Collection of Addresses, &c., by Gr'mké, and Obituary Notices furnished by his family in the Boston Athenæum. especially intrusted to his hands by a vote of the General Convention of the dioceses of the United States, constituting him "Historiographer of the Church." The first portion of his work published, appeared at New York, in 1845, in an octavo volume entitled, A Chronological Introduction to the History of the Church, with an Original Harmony of the Four Gospels.* A great portion of this learned volume is occupied with chronolcgical tables, dissertations on the dates of our Lord's birth, which he places in the year of Rome 747, six years before the commonly received Christian era. In the Harmony of the Gospels the information the narratives contain is given in a consecutive form, embodying the facts but not the words of Scripture; while in four parallel columns at the side, reference is given to the chapter and verse of each of the Evangelists in which the event described is recorded. The first volume of the history† itself was published in 1850. In it the author traces the course of the divine providence from the fall of Adam, the flood, the calling of Abraham, and the entire Jewish history, to the destruction of Jerusalem by Titus. While the same scrupulous regard to fact is manifested in this as in the introduction, the literary skill, for which no opportunity was afforded in the first, is used to good advantage in the second, the narrative being well written as well as accurate. In the author's own simile, the first volume is the rough stone-work of the foundation, the second is the elaborated superstructure which must satisfy, so far as it can, the eye of the artist as well as the mechanic. In addition to his history, Dr. Jarvis published, in 1821, a discourse on Regeneration, with notes; in 1837, on Christian Unity; and in 1843, a collection of Sermons on Prophecy, a work of great research, forming a volume of about two hundred pages. In 1843 he also issued a pamphlet entitled, No Union with Rome; in 1846 a sermon, The Colonies of Heaven; and in 1847 a volume containing a Reply to Dr. Milner's End of Religious Controversy. He also contributed a number of learned and valuable articles to the Church Review. His progress in the History of the Church and the other useful labors of his life, was interrupted by his death, March 26, 1851. Dr. Jarvis was a fine classical as well as biblical scholar. He also took a great interest in Art, and collected during his European residence a large gallery of old paintings, mostly of the Italian school, which were exhibited on his return for the benefit of a charitable association, and were again collected after his death in the city of New York to be dispersed by the auctioneer's hammer, with the large and valuable library, which included a number of volumes formerly owned by the historian Gibbon. * A Chronological Introduction to the History of the Church, being a new inquiry into the True Dates of the Birth and Death of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ; and containing an original Harmony of the Four Gospels, now first arranged in the order of time, by the Rev. S. F. Jarvis, D.D., LL.D. New York: Harper & Brothers. 1845. 8vo. pp. 618. The Church of the Redeemed, or the History of the Mediatorial Kingdom, 2 vols, containing the First Five Periods; from the Fall of Adam in Paradise to the Rejection of the Jews and the Calling of the Gentiles. By the Rev. S. F. Jarvis, D.D., LL.D. Boston: Charles Stimpson. 1850. 8vo. pp. 662. WILLIAM CRAFTS. WILLIAM CRAFTS was born at Charleston, S. C., Jan. 24, 1787. "Owing," says his anonymous biographer, somewhat grandiloquently, "to the precarious and evanescent character of the schools in Charleston," his early education suffered somewhat from the frequent change of teachers. He appears to have made up for juvenile disadvantages when in the course of education he reached Harvard, as he had a fair reputation there as a classical scholar, and judging from his advice subsequently to a younger brother, went still deeper into the ancient languages. "I hope," he writes, "that you will not treat the Hebrew tongue with that cold neglect and contemptuous disdain which it usually meets at Cambridge, and which is very much like the treatment a Jew receives from a Christian." His chief reputation among his fellows was as a wit and pleasant companion. He returned to Charleston, was admitted in due course to practice, and the remainder of his life was passed in the duties of his profession and those of a member of the State Legislature, to which he was frequently elected. He was a ready speaker, and a large portion of the volume of his Literary Remainst consists of his orations on patriotic occasions. In 1817, he delivered the Phi Beta Kappa address at Harvard. These productions, as well as his prose essays, are somewhat too florid in style and deficient in substance for permanent recollection. Passages, however, occur of pleasing ornament and animation. при спазят His poems are few and brief. The two longest are Sullivan's Island, a pleasant description of that ocean retreat, and The Raciad, in which the humors of the ring are depicted. An extract from "Kitty" follows, on the plea that "in New York they have Fanny, in Boston Sukey, and why should we not have Kitty in Charleston!" There are also several agreeable lyrics. The Monody on the Death of Decatur was written immediately after the intelligence of the Commodore's death was received, and published the day following, a circumstance which should not be forgotten in a critical estimate. It is not included in the collection of his writings. He also wrote The Sea Serpent; or Gloucester Hoax, a dramatic jeu d'esprit in three acts, published in a pamphlet of 34 pages 12mo. Crafts was a constant writer for the Charleston Courier, and a number of his communications, some mere scraps, are printed in the volume of his "writings," but call for no especial remark. Crafts died at Lebanon Springs, N. Y., Sept. 23, 1826. The fallen conqueror of the wave- Come, savage, from the Lybian shore, It shook with thunder-and it streamed with blood. For Blakely, slumbering in victorious sleep, Long shall our nation boast-for ever mourn for thee. Another hero meets his doom; Such are the trophies of the tomb! Thou starry streamer! symbol of the brave, ELIZA LESLIE He ELIZA LESLIE was born in Philadelphia, November 15, 1787. Her father was of Scotch descent, the family having emigrated to America about 1745, and was by profession a watchmaker. was an excellent mathematician, and an intimate friend of Franklin and Jefferson, by the latter of whom he was made a member of the American Philosophical Society. He had five children, the eldest of whom is the subject of this sketch. Another is Charles R. Leslie, who has passed the greater portion of his life in England, and holds the foremost rank among the painters of that country, his line of art being somewhat analogous to that of his sister in literature, a like kindly and genuine humor and artistic finish pervading his cabinet pictures and her "Pencil Sketches." other brother is Major Thomas J. Leslie, U. S. A. When Miss Leslie was five years old she accompanied her parent to London, where they resided for six and a half years, her father being engaged in the exportation of clocks to this country. The death of his partner led to his return. On the voyage home the ship put into Lisbon, and remained at that port from November to March. They finally reached Philadelphia in May. The father died in 1803. Her Miss Leslie early displayed a taste for books and drawing. She was educated for the most part at home by her parents. "Like most authors," she says in an autobiographical letter to her friend Mrs. Neal, "I made my first attempts in rerse. They were always songs, adapted to the popular airs of that time, the close of the last century. The subjects were chiefly soldiers, sailors, hunters, and nuns. scribbled two or three in the pastoral line, but my father once pointing out to me a real shepherd, in a field somewhere in Kent, I made no farther attempt at Damons and Strephons playing I Elica Leslie Miss Leslie did not appear in print until the year 1827, and then it was as the author of Seventy-five Receipts for Pastry, Cakes, and Sweetmeats. The collection had been commenced some time before, "when a pupil of Mrs. Goodfellow's cooking school, in Philadelphia," and was in such request in manuscript that an offer to publish was eagerly accepted. The book was successful, and the publisher suggesting a work of imagination, the author prepared The Mirror, a collection of juvenile stories. It was followed by The Young Americans, Stories for Emma, Stories for Adelaide, Atlantic Tales, Stories for Helen, Birthday Stories, and a compilation from Munchausen, Gulliver, and Sinbad, appropriately entitled The Wonderful Traveller, all volumes designed for children. The American Girl's Book was published in 1831, and has steadily maintained its position since. Among the first of her stories for readers "of a larger growth" was Mrs. Washington Potts, written for a prize offered by the Lady's Book, which it was successful in obtaining. The author subsequently took three more prizes of a similar character, and at once became a constant and most popular contributor to "Godey and Graham." Miss Leslie also edited the Gift, one of the best of the American annuals. Her only story occupying a volume by itself, and approaching the ordinary dimensions of a novel, is Amelia; or, A Young Lady's Vicissitudes. Miss Leslie's magazine tales have been collected in three volumes with the title of Pencil Sketches. She has also published Althea Vernon, or the |