taxes, and all united by a common grievance, such an increase of military force will be necessary as to more than counterbalance the produce of the new taxes. Besides, it is said that the inquisitorial nature of the tax, and the principle of self-assessment, which are urged so strongly against it in England, apply with greatly increased force in India. It is stated on competent authority, that "the natives will view "it with great distrust as an inqui"sitorial measure, adopted with a view "to further taxation, on Government "becoming fully acquainted with the "true state of their affairs." And the state of native morality, on the part both of payers and receivers, renders India in a peculiar manner unfit for an income tax. "The greatest evil," says Sir Charles Trevelyan, "with which the "south of India has been afflicted, is "the redundant number and the ill-paid "irresponsible character of the native "revenue officers." One of the reforms commenced by the Madras Government was to limit the number and improve the position of these officers. The imposition of the income tax, and the machinery for collecting it, will arrest this reform. Mr. Wilson has simplified the machinery for collecting the tax, with the view of making it less unpalatable to the natives. And with these modifications he has proceeded with the bill imposing an income tax for five years. The licence tax on trades has been imposed permanently. The new taxes are expected to produce 3,500,000Z. next year, and 1,000,000l. in the present year, part of which had elapsed before they came into operation. The remainder of the deficit, which is now stated at above seven millions, will be made up from the Exchequer balances, which are at present extremely large. Though the opposition excited by the Indian budget has resulted in the unfortunate loss to India of the invaluable services of Sir Charles Trevelyan, while he was in the midst of a series of wellconsidered reforms in his own Presidency it has also been productive of good. The steps of the Government of India towards reduction of expenditure have been quickened. The reductions in the army now proposed amount to 2,600,000l. More important still, Mr. Wilson has lost his "dislike to prospective budgets." On the 11th of April a most important financial notification from the Government of India was inserted in the Calcutta Government Gazette, the following extract from which will sufficiently attest Mr. Wilson's progress : "The most important step towards " securing financial economy will be the "establishing of a system whereby a "budget of imperial income and expen"diture shall be prepared annually, so "that the financial estimates for each "year may be arranged, considered, and "sanctioned by the supreme Government "of India before the year commences. "The system prevails in England, and "it will now be introduced and rigidly "carried out in India. Before the commencement of each official year, the Supreme Government will require "careful estimates to be framed of the "anticipated income, and the proposed "expenditure of the empire for the coming year. ... And after weighing "the recommendations of the several "executive Governments, and the heads "of departments, the Supreme Govern"ment will allot and appropriate to each "branch of the Service, and to the "several detailed heads within each 'branch, specific sums." 66 The two capital reforms required in the Indian system of finance are here pointed out-prospective estimates of expenditure, and appropriation of specific sums to the several departments. The second will ensure greater independence within certain limits to the subordinate Governments, while the first will give an effective control to the Supreme Government. WHOSE WATERPROOFS ARE THE BEST? CORDING'S HAVE BEEN TESTED FOR SEVERAL YEARS. Their General use by the Nobility and Gentry of the United Kingdom and the Officers of the Army and Navy in all parts of the world, is a guarantee of their service and durability. 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WILLIAMS BURTON'S GENERAL FURNISHING IRON MONGERY CATALOGUE may be had gratis, and free by post. It contains upwards of 400 Illustrations of his illimited Stock of Sterling Silver and Electro Plate, Nickel Silver and Britannia Metal Goods, Dish Covers, Hot Water Dishes, Stoves, Fenders, Marble Chimneypieces, Kitchen Ranges, Lamps, Gaseliers, Tea Trays, Urns, and Kettles, Clocks, Table Cutlery, Baths, Toilet Ware, Turnery, Iron and Brass Bedsteads, Bedding, Bedroom Cabinet Furniture, &c., with Lists of Prices and Plans of the Twenty large Show Rooms, at 39, Oxford Street, W.; 1, 1A, 2, 3, and 4, Newman Street; and 4, 5, and 6, Perry's Place, and 1, Newman's Mews, London. ESTABLISHED 1820. ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE CONTAINS Designs and Prices of 150 different articles of HEAL AND SON, 196, TOTTENHAM COURT ROAD, SLACK'S NICKEL ELECTRO PLATE IS A COATING OF PURE SILVER OVER NICKEL, It has stood twenty years' test, and still retains its Electro-Plated Table Forks, per dozen... £1 10 0 durability and silver. superiority over all others for £1 18 0 Dessert Spoons............... Table Spoons................. 1 10 0 Tea Spoons SLACK'S TABLE CUTLERY Balance-handle Ivory Table Knives, SLACK'S FENDER, FIRE-IRON, AND GENERAL Families Furnishing will find it to their advantage to inspect the A Set of Kitchen Furniture suitable for moderate size house, £4 11s. 11d. RICHARD AND JOHN SLACK, 336, STRAND, OPPOSITE SOMERSET HOUSE. Slack's Catalogue with 350 Engravings Gratis, or Post Free. 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This Establishment, the oldest of its class in London, dating from Queen Elizabeth, when it was known as the Old Golden Ball, of Bowyer Row (now Ludgate Street), ought to be a guarantee of the quality of the wares now offered. Full information about prices, copiously illustrated (with 100 designs), is contained in a new Catalogue (Gratis). Thomas West, 18, Ludgate Street, London. Manufactory, Victoria Works. Bennett's WATCHES 65,Cheapside BY POST FREE AND SAFE BY POST. EVERY WATCH IN THE LATEST STYLE, AND MOST CAREFULLY FINISHED. Every Watch skilfully Examined, Timed, and its Performance Guaranteed. POST-OFFICE ORDERS PAYABLE TO JOHN BENNETT, 65, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON. "And at THE CITY OBSERVATORY (late FRENCH'S,) 62 CORNHILL." |