PUBLICATIONS OF THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, BALTIMORE. I. American Journal of Mathematics. S. NEWCOMB, Editor, and T. CRAIG, Associate Editor. Quarterly. 4to. Volume IX in progress. $5 per volume. II. American Chemical Journal. I. REMSEN, Editor. Bi-monthly. 8vo. Volume VII in progress. $3 per volume. III. American Journal of Philology. B. L. GILDERSLEEVE, Editor. Quarterly. 8vo. Volume VII in progress. $3 per volume. IV. Studies from the Biological Laboratory. Including the Chesapeake Zoological Laboratory. H. N. MARTIN, Editor, and W. K. BROOKS, Associate Editor. 8vo. Volume III in progress. $5 per volume. V. Studies in Historical and Political Science. H. B. ADAMS, Editor. Monthly. 8vo. Volume V in progress. $3 per volume. VI. Johns Hopkins University Circulars. Containing reports of scientific and literary work in progress in VII. Annual Report. almost every phase of municipal development. The story cannot fail to interest all those who believe that the question of better government for our great cities is one of critical importance, and who are aware of the fact that this question is already receiving widespread attention. The subject had become so serious in 1876 that Governor Hartranft, in his message of that year, called the attention of the Legislature to it in the following succinct and forcible statement: "There is no political problem that at the present moment occasions so much just alarm and is obtaining more anxious thought than the government of cities." Presented by the President to the Board of Trustees, reviewing Maryland, Virginia and Washington. 595 pp. $4.00 the operations of the University during the past academic year. VIII. Annual Register. Giving the list of officers and students, and stating the regulations, etc., of the University. Published at the close of the academic year. Communications in respect to exchanges and remittances may be sent to the Johns Hopkins University (Publication Agency), Baltimore, Maryland. The Publication Agency of the Johns Hopkins University announces for publication in January, 1887, the Second Extra Volume of Studies in Historical and Political Science. EDITED BY HERBERT B. ADAMS. PHILADELPHIA A HISTORY OF MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT. BY EDWARD P. ALLINSON, A. M., AND BOIES PENROSE, A. B., OF THE PHILADELPHIA BAR. While several general histories of Philadelphia have been written, there is no history of that city as a municipal corporation. Such a work is now offered, based upon the Acts of Assembly, the City Ordinances, the State Reports, and many other authorities. Numerous manuscripts in the Pennsylvania Historical Society, in Public Libraries, and in the Departinents at Philadelphia and Harrisburg have also been consulted, and important facts found therein are now for the first time published. The development of the city government of Philadelphia has been carefully traced through many changes in the powers and duties of the mayor, in the election and powers of the subordinate executive officers, iu the position and relation of the various departments, in the legisla tive and executive powers of councils, in the frequently shifting distribution of executive power between the mayor and councils, and in the procedure of councils. In 1885 an Act of Assembly was passed providing for a new government for Philadelphia which embodies the latest ideas upon municipal questions. The history of the government of the city begins with the medieval charter of most contracted character, and ends with the liberal provisions of the Reform Act of 1885. It furnishes illustrations of Municipal Government and Economics. (1887.) This volume will be furnished in monthly parts upon receipt of subscription price, $3; or the bound volume will be sent at the end of the year 1887 for $3.50. In connection with the regular annual series of Studies, a series of Extra Volumes is proposed. It is intended to print them in a style uniform with the regular Studies, but to publish each volume by itself, in numbered sequence and in a cloth binding. The volumes will vary in size from 200 to 500 pages, with corresponding prices. Subscriptions to the Annual Series of Studies will not necessitate subscription to the Extra Volumes, although they will be offered to regular subscribers at reduced rates. EXTRA VOLUME I. The Republic of New Haven: A History of Municipal Evolution. By CHARLES H. LEVERMORE, Ph. D., BALTIMORE. This volume, now ready, comprises 350 pages octavo, with various diagrams and an index. It will be sold, bound in cloth, at $2.00. Subscribers to the Studies can obtain at reduced rates this new volume, bound uniformly with the First, Second, Third and Fourth Series. EXTRA VOLUME II. Philadelphia, 1681-1887: A History of Municipal Development. By EDWARD P. ALLINSON, A. M. (Haverford), and BOIES PENROSE, A. B. (Harvard). Other Extra Volumes will be announced when they are ready for publication. All communications relating to subscriptions, exchanges, etc., should be addressed to THE Publication Agency of the JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, BALTIMORE, MARYLAND. J. SOUTHGATE YEATON. ROBERT TAYLOR, JR. The James Fitzgerald Art Galleries, Jewelers, Silversmiths & Importers Real Estate, Collection and Invest Real Estate Securities. Sell 3 per cent. Securities and Invest in 5 and 5% per cent. 99 Year Ground Rents In the City of Chicago, principal and interest payable in standard gold. Also in FIRST MORTGAGE REAL ESTATE LOANS, 6 & 7 PER CENT. Guaranteed. These Mortgages are for one-fourth the value of the property only, and are still further secured by the guarantee of a responsible company, and for which a Coupon Bond is issued. These Bonds are for any amount. Also 50,000 Debenture Coupon Bonds, In sums of $100 to $1000, for which you have the real estate security as above, with the guarantee of two responsible companies. The undersigned is appointed representative in this City for the Equitable of Kansas City. Also Agent for the Sale of LAND WARRANTS OF THE PENSACOLA & ATLANTIC RAILROAD COMPANY IN FLORIDA, Embracing 2,000,000 acres, mainly on the line of the Railroad, $1.25 to $3.00 per acre. Three years in which to locate them. HENRY W. ROGERS, Cor. Lexington and Charles Streets. THE CAPITAL AND SURPLUS, $1,043,710. HE LOMBARD INVESTMENT COMPANY'S Guaranteed 6 per cent. Mortgages are secured by FIRST LIENS on city or farm properties in the States of Missouri, Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska and Southern Dakota. The Capital of this Company was on July 31st, 1886, $850,000, and its surplus $193,710, making its guaranty amount to $1,893,710, as each stockholder is liable for double the amount of stock held by him. The mortgages negotiated by this Company have been bought by the shrewdest and most prudent investors and financiers of Baltimore, who have, by thorough investigation, fully satisfied themselves of the prudence and care with which the loans are made. No loan is made in excess of 40 per cent. of the value of the property loaned upon, such valuation being fixed by experts employed by the Company, who inspect the property personally and do not trust to a general valuation of the land in the locality where the applicant for a loan may live. The managers of this Company have, during the past thirty years, loaned for Eastern investors over twenty millions of dollars, and no investor, through them, has yet lost a single dollar of either principal or interest. The Bank Commissioners of New Hampshire, in their last annual report, stated the amount of loans held by the Savings Banks of that State, which were secured by mortgages on Western farms, as being $12,013,500.75, about 25 per cent. of the total deposits in the banks. They say:-"Foreclosed real estate has increased, during the year, about $40,000, the foreclosures occurring in New England mortgages. It is very seldom that a foreclosure is made on a Western mortgage, and when such cases occur, there are those who are prompt to redeem the mortgage and pay the loan and accumulated expenses to the bank." It must be remembered that most of the loans held by these banks are not guaranteed, which is an additional proof of the safety of investments in such mortgages. Throughout New England, for many years, tens of millions of dollars have been invested in these loans, and within the past two years the most careful managers of trusts in Philadelphia have bought the loans negotiated by the Lombard Investment Company to a large amount. Having personally inspected the manner in which the business of this Company is conducted, and, by interviews with the managers of rival companies, satisfied myself of the unfailing prudence of the management of the Lombard Investment Company, I now offer the loans to investors as absolutely safe securities which will pay 6 per cent. net. The mortgages range in amount from $300 to $10,000, and having a number on hand, I will be glad to show them to any investors and give any further information that may be desired. WM. WINCHESTER, Note and Investment Broker, 306 Second St., Baltimore. BOOKS, ETC., FOR THE HOLIDAYS. The subscribers have in store and offer for sale an immense stock of Splendidly Illustrated Works, STANDARD BOOKS, POETS, BIBLES, PRAYER AND HYMNALS, FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC STATIONERY, ETC., SETS OF ALL THE LEADING AUTHORS, An inspection of our stock is cordially invited from all in want of anything in our line, and which we offer for sale at very low prices. A stock for extent and variety equal to any to be found in the United States. CUSHINGS & BAILEY, PUBLISHERS, 262 W. BALTIMORE STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. IMPORTANT RECENT PUBLICATIONS OF G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS, NEW YORK AND LONDON. THE STORY OF THE NATIONS. A Series of historical studies, presenting in graphic narratives the stories of the different nations that have attained prominence in history. Each subject complete in one volume, beautifully printed and fully illustrated. Crown octavo, cloth extra, $1.50. The Story of Chaldea. By Z. A. Ragozin. .... "A work meriting unstinted praise. Affords a good introduction to the study of history and of comparative mythology. The best book in English on the subject. . . . The author has rendered a service to Assyriology as well as to the reading public."N. Y. Nation. The Story of Greece. By Prof. Jas. A. Harrison. "His style is simple, yet strikingly graphic and forcible. He must be indeed a very dull and ill-regulated boy whose attention is not riveted by Professor Harrison's narrative."-Boston Advertiser. The Story of Rome. By Arthur Gilman. "Mr. Arthur Gilman thoroughly understands the nature, not only of the child, but of the general reader. For both 'The Story of Rome' is excellently adapted. This is the very plan on which Herodotus and Livy wrote their immortal histories or rather stories." -N. Y. Critic. The Story of the Jews. By Prof. James K. Hosmer. "Prof. Hosmer is to be congratulated on the masterly way in which he has treated his subject. The work appeals to all classes of readers, and the style is attractive to old and young."-Jewish Messenger, N. Y. The Story of Germany. By S. Baring-Gould. "It would be hard to find a more entertaining book, and one better calculated to give to the young reader an interest in history. The picturesque and personal elements in the narrative are just what the readers want."-The Nation. The Story of Norway. By Hjalmar H. Boyesen. "He has given us the best Scandinavian history to be found in our language. The story of his native land is told with dramatic force. It is saying but the literal truth to assert that few novels possess the fascination of this story thus told."-New York Christian Union. The Story of Spain. By Rev. E. E. and Susan Hale. "There is more than enough romance for twenty volumes in the story, and the richest of it has been secured for this volume."Hartford Post. The Story of Hungary. By Prof. A. Vambéry. "The narrative covers nearly a thousand years and is replete with noteworthy personalities and thrilling episodes."-Pittsburgh Post. The Story of Sicily. By Edward A. Freeman. "The authors chosen are eminently fitted for the tasks assigned to them, and the books of the set will form an invaluable addition to the library of every thoughtful boy and girl."-Chautauquan. "We think this series of 'The Story of the Nations' the very best for a reading club in history to use. The young men who will devote some of their winter evenings to such reading will be pursuing a powerful self-educating policy."-Our Church Bulletin. HISTORY, ELOQUENCE AND LITERATURE. American Orations, from the Colonial Period to the | "The idea, the plan, and the execution of the work are admirable and we highly approve of it."-Boston Advertiser. British Orations. A selection of the more important and representative Political Addresses of the past two centuries. Edited, with Introduction and Notes, by Chas. K. Adams, President of Cornell University. 3 vols. 16mo. Uniform with "American Orations." $3.75. The following speakers are represented: Sir John Eliot, Pym, Chatham, Mansfield, Burke, Pitt, Fox, Sir James Mackintosh, Erskine, Canning, Macaulay, Cobden, Bright, Beaconsfield and Gladstone. Representative orations which illustrate the whole course of history."-Portland Transcript. The Scriptures-Hebrew and Christian. An Introduction to the study of the Bible. Edited by Professors Bartlett and Peters, of the Philadelphia P. E. Divinity School. Vol. I (complete in itself): The Hebrew Story from the Creation to the Exile. Large 12mo, cloth extra, red edges, $1.50. Vols. II and III in preparation. "Admirably conceived and admirably executed. It is the Bible story in Bible words, with just such omissions and insertions as to make consecutive and understood the entire narrative. It is the work of devout and scholarly men, and will prove a help to Bible study."-Rev. Howard Crosby, D. D. "I believe that the possession of this single volume is likely to do much to give not only the younger members of Christian families, but their parents as well, a living conception of Hebrew history, and so to supply one of the chief deficiencies in the Christian culture in our time. I believe that I should have made a much more capable preacher and teacher of the Scriptures if such a book had come in my way in my youth."-Prof. E. G. Hincks, D. D. Classified analytical catalogue (130 pages) of their publications sent on receipt of stamps. Prospectus of the "Nations" series, the "Orations" and the "Scriptures" sent on application. GE The Civil-Service Reformer. VOL. III. - No. 2. THE MONTH. BALTIMORE, FEBRUARY, 1887. PRICE TEN Cents. sophistries at the hands of the enemies of the cause. A recent editorial reproduces and answers a letter from one of its readers containing a long list of supposed "objections". R. JOHN K. COWEN'S last letter to the Baltimore to the law. The writer of the letter shared many of the MR. Jo, With CO WEN'S fall in this issue, furnishes to the flour Mayer, and, like that official, he had apparently. overwhelming proof of the three propositions which he announces-viz.: "that in our primary elections in the city the candidates for State and municipal office are selected by men of criminal character and by criminal means; that in our elections in the city the majority does not govern, but that men of criminal record falsify the count, and by different means, distinctly criminal, reverse the will of the people; that the city officials, who get office by these means, recognize in their appointments their dependence upon the criminal class and act in accordance with its demands." The momentum of Mr. Cowen's facts, massed and driven as they are by the force of which he is master, must fall upon the moral sense of the community with almost the bewildering effect of a stunning blow. His exposure of organized official frauds upon the elective franchise is so startling as to challenge the utmost capacity of most of us to believe. Political sophistries may suffice "to skin and film the ulcerous place" of political corruption for a time, but with the strong light now thrown upon it by Mr. Cowen's disclosures and proofs, they can surely no longer avail to hide it. It will be manifest to every candid reader of Mr. Cowen's letter that its value depends absolutely upon the facts it contains, and not upon the animus of the writer or his inferences, as some have evasively pretended to think. The logical, irresistible and only possible deductions from the facts are what give the letter its unanswerable character. They are what it concerns the public to know, what touches the conscience of all men who have any, and what it behooves the good people of this State to ponder well and wisely. It is all very well for the apologists of the foul system which makes such revelations possible to sneer at and decry the moral courage which they require and which has come to be deplorably deficient in most of us, but they will scarcely be able to satisfy the public sentiment which revolts at such disclosures by the palliating suggestion that even a worse degree of crime has at some other time and place been reached. Such false guides even go so far as to remind us that in the lowest deep a lower deep, and we would do well to remember that we have not yet fallen into it. Thus the patient beast, the public, is told "to jog on and be quiet." How differently should be regarded the duty of a public moralist to society, in such matters, is appropriately indicated by the following paragraph from the "Easy Chair" of Harper's Magazine for February: "The duty of pointing out the necessity of doing something is not agreeable, and to deride the man who does point it out as a common scold is to become morally responsible for the wrong by obstructing a remedy." THE New York World, in its recent advocacy of CivilService Reform, has encountered its full share of threadbare never read the law; at least he was or pretended to be unaware of the fact that it placed no restraint upon the power of removal, but was aimed only to prevent partisan and personal appointments. He indignantly inquires: "What right has a man in a republic to hold a Government office for life?" To which sentiment the World replies: No man has any "right" to hold a Government office for life, nor is such a privilege claimed for the civil servants by the friends of reform. But the people have a right to the best service attainable. And as experience is a valuable quality in fitting men for usefulness in any business, it is both absurd and wrong to keep a procession of untrained men moving through the business agencies of the people. The tenure of the Constitution, for appointed officers, is that of good behavior. But advocacy of Civil-Service Reform we hold to be entirely con sistent with opposition to monarchy and aristocracy. The spoils system was copied from monarchies. Under the old régime the offices were bestowed upon the favorites of the king or the governing class. Under the spoils system they are given to the favorites of party chiefs or political bosses. In both cases they are treated as personal perquisites and bestowed by favor, not for fitness. An open competition in which all may enter, and where success depends upon merit, not upon influence, is the truly democratic method of filling the subordinate offices. These simple and "common-sense answers ought to commend themselves to any sensible people who have been misled by false statements or cunning arguments of the friends of the spoils system. We do not find on the writer's list the suggestion that unless bosses are allowed to buy and sell the public offices in exchange for partisan service or political crime, party spirit will die out. Let us hope that he was ashamed to advance it, or, better still, that he was not degraded enough to entertain it. If what Mayor Hodges meant by his argument for the protection of party spirit was that such peculiar forms of party organization as the Crescent Club and its rival across the Falls would be unlikely to survive the honest and thorough administration of a Civil-Service law, we hasten to seize upon an opportunity for agreeing with him. The Crescent Club is only an organization of officeholders and officeseekers (as has been proved in these columns), pursuing only those courses which "their own best interests have pointed out." It is perfectly true, as the Mayor implies, that under a competitive system of appointment to the public service, the influence of such men as J. Frank Morrison would be unnecessary to enable an efficient public servant to retain his office, and of no advantage to the seeker after public employment. The law would, therefore, "break the tie that binds" honest men to such a man. The Calumet Club presents the same "harmonious officialty as does |