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audit activities should be coordinated to the maximum extent possible and that burdensome audits be scrupulously avoided by all parties.

Section 13

EVALUATION

Mandates the Secretary to review, evaluate, and report to the Congress, not later than 3 years after the date funds are first obligated for State grants after the date of enactment of this act, as to the effectiveness of the programs administered and operated by the National Center on Domestic Violence and the Institutes within the Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration. Such review is to be conducted and the report prepared by persons not directly involved in the administration or operation of such programs. The review and evaluation shall include examination of

(1) the extent to which public awareness of the problem of domestic violence has been increased:

(2) the extent to which the availability and the effectiveness of services with respect to domestic violence has been increased:

(3) the extent to which assistance made available under the bill has served as a catalyst for State and local community involvement and support (financial and otherwise) for projects with respect to domestic violence;

(4) whether limiting the dollar amount of grants which may be awarded in any one fiscal year or over a five-year period has provided more opportunities for communities and nonprofit private organizations to establish, maintain, and expand projects under the bill:

(5) whether such limitations have resulted in stimulating State, local governmental, and community financial support for projects with respect to domestic violence;

(6) the extent to which projects assisted under the bill have continued, without assistance thereunder, to provide services with respect to domestic violence;

(7) the extent to which regional centers established pursuant to section 8(c) have assisted States, local governments, and communities, and nonprofit private organizations in utilizing other available sources of funding to support projects with respect to domestic violence;

(8) the extent to which the interagency domestic violence council established by section 14(b) has assisted the Director in coordinating at the Federal level programs for the prevention of domestic violence and the provision of assistance to victims and dependents of victims of domestic violence;

(9) the extent to which the Center has provided the necessary relevant information and assistance with respect to domestic violence to participating and interested States, local public agencies and communities, and nonprofit private organizations: and

(10) the extent to which research activities conducted pursuant to section 9 have improved understanding of the causes, effects, and incidence of domestic violence, and to which information

developed in such research activities have been useful to projects providing services relating to domestic violence.

The committee believes that a specific program evaluation conducted by individuals not directly involved in the administration or the operation of the program is of extreme importance. The evaluation to be submitted will address specific areas of interest to the committee and should be beneficial at the time the committee considers reauthorization.

Section 14

COORDINATION OF FEDERAL PROGRAMS

Requires, in subsection (a), that the Director, in seeking to coordinate programs with respect to domestic violence, providing information, carrying out clearinghouse functions, and in making grants and contracts under the bill, give particular attention to the availability for assignment of VISTA volunteers and of assistance for the conduct of or grants under the ACTION Agency's special volunteer programs and under the national older American volunteer programs, the retired senior volunteer program, and the senior companion program.

The committee points out that under the bill there are a number of different ways in which various programs under the ACTION Agency can be utilized by a local public agency or by a private nonprofit organization. It is possible that VISTA volunteers or RSVP's or senior companions can be assigned by the ACTION Agency to various communities to work on projects with respect to domestic violence. An alternative, however, is the utilization by grantees as sponsors of VISTA volunteers. A VISTA volunteer can be a local resident (in fact more than 50 percent of VISTA volunteers work in their home communities). A VISTA volunteer would be available for assisting in doing many of the necessary things in order to get a program such as a shelter started in a community-such as organizing and fundraising.

Section 14 in subsection (b) directs the establishment of a Federal Interagency Domestic Violence Council to assist the Director in coordinating at the Federal level programs for the prevention of domestic violence and the provision of assistance to domestic violence victims and their dependents. The Council is to be chaired by the Director and shall include representatives of the Department of Justice (including the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration), the Department of Housing and Urban Development, the Department of Labor, the Department of Commerce, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Defense, the ACTION Agency, the Community Services Administration, appropriate Institutes within the Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration, and representatives of such other agencies as the President shall designate.

The role of the Council shall be to identify, assess, and seek to coordinate all Federal programs, projects, and plans for programs and projects providing services or support in carrying out research with respect to domestic violence, and shall make such recommendations as it deems appropriate to the President and the Congress with respect

to coordination of policy and the development of objectives and priorities for all Federal programs regarding the prevention of incidents of domestic violence and provision of assistance to victims and their dependents. The Council is required to meet not less often than four times each year.

The committee notes that there are many different Federal programs which could be utilized by local communities and nonprofit private organizations to provide assistance to programs and projects with respect to domestic violence. For example, programs which have been utilized by some existing shelters to assist in either operating or establishing shelters or providing individuals to work within such shelters include HUD Community Development Block Grants, revenue sharing, VISTA volunteers, LEAA grants, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism grants, and CETA workers. There are probably additional agencies and additional programs which could be utilized to provide moneys for a shelter or for another program with respect to domestic violence. The role of the Council is to coordinate, to the maximum extent possible, these policies and develop objectives and priorities for all Federal programs.

Section 15

PAYMENTS; NON-FEDERAL SHARE

Mandates in subsection (a) that payments made pursuant to grants or contracts under the bill may be made in installments and in advance by way of reimbursement with necessary adjustments on account of overpayments and underpayments.

Under subsection (b), a State will be eligible for a grant under the bill only if the State makes available for expenditures, for the same purposes for which funds appropriated under the act may be used, funds in cash in the amount which bears the following proportion to the amount of Federal assistance provided in each of the following fiscal years: fiscal year 1979-0 percent; fiscal year 198030 percent; fiscal year 1981-40 percent; fiscal year 1982-50 percent; fiscal year 1983-65 percent.

The committee notes that, although the State will be required to provide a non-Federal share of 65 percent in fiscal year 1983, in relation to the numbers of dollars being expended in the State, a 65-percent non-Federal share is, in fact, equal to approximately 39 percent of total expenditures.

Section 16

DEFINITIONS

Provides certain definitions. The term defined for purposes of the bill include the following:

(1) "Center" means the National Center on Domestic Violence established under section 8;

(2) "Director" means the Director of the Center;

(3) "domestic violence" means any act or threatened act of violence, including any forceful detention of an individual, which results or threatens to result in physical injury; and is committed by a person eighteen years of age or older against another such person to whom such person is or was related, or by a person of

any age against another person with whom such person is or was residing in a relationship of husband and wife;

(4) "panel" means the State citizen panel on domestic violence established pursuant to section 3;

(5) "Secretary" means the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welware; and

(6) "State" means each of the several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and, except as otherwise provided, Guam, American Samoa, the Virgin Islands, the Commonwealth of the Northern Marianas, and the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands.

Section 17

AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS

Authorizes the appropriation of $30 million for fiscal year 1979 and for each of the 4 succeeding fiscal years in order to carry out the provisions of the bill; and further provides that of the sums appropriated for any fiscal year, 85 percent will be used for making State formula and direct Federal grants under section 4; 8 percent will be used for the operation and activities of the Center under section 8 (including operation of the clearinghouse and regional technical assistance centers); and 7 percent will be used for research conducted or caused to be conducted under section 9.

AGENCY REPORTS

The committee requested reports from the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, the General Accounting Office, the Office of Management and Budget, and the Department of Justice. As of the date of filing of this report, none of these departments had submitted a report to the committee. However, representatives of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare testified at hearings on S. 2759. The testimony of Dr. Blandina Cardenas, Commissioner, Administration for Children, Youth and Families, Office of Human Development Services, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare and Gerald R. Klerman, M.D., Administrator, Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare are printed below.

STATEMENT BY DR. BLANDINA CARDENAS, COMMISSIONER, ADMINISTRATION FOR CHILDREN, YOUTH AND FAMILIES, OFFICE OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT SERVICES

Mr. Chairman, members of the subcommittee, my name is Blandina. Cardenas. I am the Commissioner for Children, Youth and Families in the Office of Human Development Services. Dr. Gerald Klerman, the Administrator of the Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration and I are pleased to appear before you today.

Dr. Klerman and I are particularly grateful for the opportunity to discuss with you the great concern we share over the problem of domestic violence. We would like to use our appearance this morning to inform you about current activities in the Department concerning

domestic violence and to learn from you and the other witnesses more about special concerns of people affected by this problem.

Under the leadership of Secretary Califano, representatives from various agencies throughout the Department have recently begun meeting to discuss the extent of our knowledge in this area, what we see as a proper Federal role, and where we are headed. We have learned that spousal violence occurs in epidemic proportions. Dr. Klerman will discuss in greater detail those findings based on research funded by ADAMHA.

We recognize that violence between spouses may and often does occur separately from other forms of violence.

We have also found that violence between spouses cannot be treated in isolation from other violence within the family. We have learned that men who abuse their children also frequently abuse their wives, and that there are many forms of violence within the family-violence against aged family members, violence among adolescent siblings, incest, and parental violence against youth which may cause youth to run away.

As you know, the President, the Secretary and all of us in HEW have a strong commitment to strengthening families. It is in the context of the family that we look at the problem of domestic violence. Thus, while we are appalled by the extent of violence between spouses, we are trying to prevent and treat all forms of domestic violencewe think that the root of the problem lies within the total family as a unit. There is a continuum of need faced by families.

Let us describe for you briefly some of the activities and actions we have recently taken or are planning to meet the problem of domestic violence. Our actions can be grouped by the categories of Federal funds for shelters and services, research and demonstration activities, information clearinghouse and incidence.

This committee has provided the leadership in the area of child abuse and neglect. Because of your work in this area, for the past 3 years, under the authority of the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act, we have been conducting a number of demonstration projects of the delivery of services to abused or neglected children and their families.

As an unforeseen component of their family oriented services to abused and neglected children, all of our 20 child abuse Demonstration Treatment Centers provide some services which either directly or indirectly assist abused spouses. For example:

The San Diego project amended its intake policy 8 months ago to accept referrals of abused spouses in families with small children. It did so because staff had found that there was a significant incidence of children being hurt "accidentally" in situations when the spouse was the target of the assault. In addition, the project had discovered a clear pattern of childhood histories involving intra-familial violence in cases of spouse abuse, as well as battering. That is, they found that the perpetrator or the victim had experienced violence either as a victim or as a witness during childhood. I should mention that in taking family histories, the project found the same patterns in spouse cases that we find in classical battered child cases, that is: Isolation situational stress, childhood histories of abuse, and poor impulse control.

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