Deductive Logic in Natural Language

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Broadview Press, 2002 M11 13 - 302 páginas

This text offers an innovative approach to the teaching of logic, which is rigorous but entirely non-symbolic. By introducing students to deductive inferences in natural language, the book breaks new ground pedagogically. Cannon focuses on such topics as using a tableaux technique to assess inconsistency; using generative grammar; employing logical analyses of sentences; and dealing with quantifier expressions and syllogisms. An appendix covers truth-functional logic.

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Contenido

Fundamentals Propositions and sentencesthe basic units of 1 logic and language
1
4 Validity and arguments
13
Exercises
19
Stories and Situations
22
5 Reference and truth
23
Meaning and truth
26
8 Truth with respect to a situation
37
Exercises
43
26
157
27 Properties and relations Types of relations
161
28 The peculiar relation of identity
171
29 Tableau rules for identity
177
Exercises
181
OneWord Quantifiers 30 Quantifiers in general
185
31
187
everyone
189

Establishing Inconsistency with Tableaux 9 Obvious inconsistency
46
dividing and conquering
49
11 Efficiencies in tableaux
58
12 A tableau that closes
63
Exercises
66
Extending the Tableau Technique
68
13 Counter sets and validity
69
14 Resolving reference
75
15 Additional constructions
80
16 When can a sentence be checked?
87
Exercises
91
Generative Grammar
94
17 What we mean by a grammar
95
Phrasestructure grammars Phrasemarkers
98
Transformations
106
20 Syntactic ambiguity
114
Exercises
120
Conjunctions and sentence connectives ix XV xvii 1
123
23 Transformations in logical analysis Grouping
136
589 11
141
24 The reach of rules Negated conditionals
143
22
145
25 Tableaux constructed by rules
149
Exercises
154
32 Tableau rules for the simplest quantifiers
196
33 The simplest quantifiers in tableaux
204
34 Anyone quantifier scope and anaphoric pronouns
210
Exercises
215
Quantifier Expressions and Syllogisms 35 The universal quantifier
218
36 Relative pronouns and the existential and nihilistic
228
37 Tableaux for syllogisms and other arguments
234
37
235
38 Anyone and logical equivalence
237
39 Things times and places
241
Exercises
245
TruthFunctional Logic 40 Review Tableau rules for sentence connectives
248
41 Three levels of symbolization
250
42 Symbolic languages for algebra
252
43 Truthfunctions and their computational tables
254
43
255
44 Truth tables and calculating truthvalues
259
45 Constructing an arbitrary function Normal form
270
Exercises
274
For Reading and Reference
275
91
280
114
281
123
283
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Douglas Cannon is a professor in the Department of Philosophy at the University of Puget Sound.

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