per annum. Every brewery must be inspected by these officers and must receive a license to carry on business.

It is unlawful to manufacture beer or other malt liquors containing any substance other than pure hops, pure malt, wholesome yeast, or extract of hops, or pure barley or rice. The inspector shall label all beer inspected, certifying that it is made from wholesome ingredients. He shall keep a record of all beer and malt liquors manufactured or sold by manufacturers or dealers. He is entitled to collect for the use of the State a fee of 1 cent per gallon for all beer inspected, and 2 cents for labeling each package. All beer or malt liquors manufactured for export from the State shall be inspected in the same way, but without cost to the manufacturer.

Any person receiving beer or malt liquors for sale from outside the State shall notify the inspector and shall furnish him a sworn affidavit from the manufacturer that the beer is pure according to the standard fixed in the law. Every transportation company must furnish to the inspector, on request, a duplicate bill of lading of any beer or malt liquors received for shipment into the State.

Penalty for sale of beer without inspection or for failure to destroy certificates or labels of purity, fine not over $500, or imprisonment not less than 6 months and revocation of license for 2 years. Penalty for any unlawful imitation of labels, imprisonment not over 5 years. (Laws of 1899, p. 228.)

Vinegar.-It is unlawful to manufacture or sell as cider vinegar any article not made exclusively from pure apple juice. All vinegar must be free from artificial coloring or flavoring. Every cask or package of cider vinegar shall be marked as such, with the name and location of the manufacturer. No vinegar shall be branded fruit vinegar" unless made wholly from some kind of fruit. Stats., 1899, secs. 2282-2285.)

(Rev.

Candy. It is unlawful to manufacture candy containing any cochineal, ocher, paris green, or any substitute for sugar, sirup, or cream of tartar, or any substitute for or other than pure vegetable ingredients. Penalty, $50 to $100, or imprisonment 3 to 6 months, or both. (Rev.Stats., 1899, secs. 2279, 2280.)

Mixed flour.-No person shall sell flour or meal or hominy made by the admixture or adulteration of grains, unless each package be branded with the names of the grains contained. Manufacturers of such products must register with the county recorder their names, places of business, and the grains they use. Stats., 1899, secs. 8501-8506.)

(Rev.

DAIRY PRODUCTS.

Milk.-All cities are empowered to license and regulate dairies, (Laws of 1891, p. 63.)

Imitation butter.-Any article in the semblance of butter, and not made from pure milk or cream, is declared imitation. No person shall compound animal fat or other substance with butter, or shall compound any coloring matter with such foreign fats for the purpose of making the product resemble yellow butter. It is unlawful to sell, ship, or transport such prohibited substances unless properly marked. Every person who lawfully manufactures a substitute for butter shall mark each package, in letters not less than 1 inch long, "substitute for butter." No action can be maintained to collect the value of goods made in violation of the law. Search warrants may be issued, and the officers serving them shall take samples. The State board of agriculture is directed to enforce the law, and $2,500 is annually appropriated for that purpose.

Penalty for violation, $50 to $100, or imprisonment not over 30 days; for subsequent offenses, $250 to $500, or imprisonment 30 days to 6 months, or both. (Laws of 1895, p. 26.)

Cheese.-Cheese manufactured from cream or milk containing not less than 3 per cent of butter fat shall be deemed full cream cheese. Cheese made from milk from which the cream has been removed, or milk containing less than 3 per cent of butter fat, shall be marked, with letters not less than 1 inch in length, "skimmed milk cheese," or with the true name of the article. Penalty for violation, imprisonment not over 1 year, or fine $10 to $500, or both. No person shall ship or consign by any common carrier cheese made from milk testing at less than 3 per cent butter fat unless it is so labeled, but this does not apply to goods in transit across the State. Penalty, $10 to $500.

The State board of agriculture is charged with the enforcement of the act, and may bring prosecution in any court of competent jurisdiction. (Laws of 1897, p. 104.)

ΜΟΝΤΑΝΑ.

Adulterated food.-It is a misdemeanor to adulterate or dilute food, drink, or medicine with fraudulent intent, or to sell such an adulterated or diluted article. (Penal code, sec. 682.)

Unwholesome food.-Whoever sells any article of food, drink, or medicine which is tainted or otherwise unwholesome is guilty of a misdemeanor. (Penal code, sec. 683.)

Candy. It is a misdemeanor to manufacture or sell candy adulterated with terra alba, barytes, talc, or any mineral substance, with poisonous colors or flavors, or with other ingredients deleterious to health. (Laws of 1899, p. 139.) Imitation butter and cheese.-It is unlawful to sell any article in imitation of butter or cheese which is not made exclusively from milk or cream, unless each package be marked, in letters not less than one-fourth of an inch square, “oleomargarine" or "imitation cheese." Each retail purchaser must be given a similar printed label. Keepers of hotels, restaurants, etc., using these articles must post a conspicuous notice to that effect, and must inform each guest as to the character of the article, if inquiry is made. Penalty, not over $100, or imprisonment not over 1 month. (Penal code, secs. 684-686.)

NEBRASKA.

FOODS GENERALLY.

Food commissioner.-The governor of the State is made ex officio food commissioner, and may appoint a deputy at the salary of $1,500 yearly. It shall be the duty of these officers, with their employees, to enforce the pure-food laws, to set standards for milk and cream, and to require licenses as stated below. They have power to enter any place of manufacture of dairy products, cider, vinegar, or any imitation thereof, and may inspect any article therein and take samples. (Laws of 1899, ch. 35.)

Licensing manufacturers and dealers.-Each manufacturer and wholesale and retail dealer in butter, cheese, cider or adulterated cider, vinegar or adulterated vinegar must obtain a permit from the food commissioner annually, conditioned on the faithful observance of the laws of the State. For the permits the following fees are charged annually: Manufacture of imitation butter or cheese, $100; wholesale dealers therein, $50; retail dealers, $25; owners of creameries and cheese factories and wholesale dealers in butter or cheese, $10; manufacturers of ladle butter, $15; manufacturers or wholesale dealers in adulterated cider or any so-called grain, wine, or fruit vinegar, $50; manufacturers or wholesale dealers in cider vinegar, $15. (Laws of 1899, ch. 35.)

Adulteration of food and drugs.-The adulteration of any article of food or of any drug or the sale of such adulterated articles is prohibited. A drug is deemed adulterated if it differs in strength or purity from the standard fixed by the United States Pharmacopoeia or by such other pharmacopoeia or standard work as recognizes the article, or if its strength or purity falls below the professed standard under which it is sold. Food is deemed adulterated if any substance has been mixed with it so as to injure its quality or strength; if any inferior substance has been substituted in it; if any valuable constituent has been taken from it; if it is an imitation; if it contains diseased or decomposed animal or vegetable matter; if it is colored or otherwise made to appear better than it really is, or if it contains any added poisonous ingredient or ingredient injurious to health. Mixtures or compounds recognized as ordinary articles of food or drink may be sold, if not injurious to health, if containing all necessary and no unnecessary ingredient and if distinctly labeled as such.

Any person interested may demand a sample of any article of food on offering its value. Penalty for violation, $25 to $100, or imprisonment not over 3 months, together with the costs of inspecting and analyzing adulterated foods. (Laws of 1897, ch. 99.)

Vinegar.-No vinegar shall be manufactured or sold as cider vinegar which is not the legitimate product of pure apple juice exclusively, or which does not contain at least 2 per cent of cider vinegar solids. Each cask or other package of cider vinegar shall be labeled as such, with the name of the manufacturer. Vinegar made from grain, wine, or fruit shall be without artificial coloring, shall be made wholly from the fruit or grain from which it purports to be made, shall contain not less than 4 per cent of acetic acid, and shall bear the name of the manufacturer and the name of the article from which it is made. No lead, sulphuric acid, or other injurious substance may be used in vinegar. Penalty as for cider. (Laws of 1897, ch. 4.)

Cider. It is unlawful to manufacture or sell as cider any preparation containing salicylic acid, formalin, or any other drug or substance not belonging to the apple, or to manufacture or sell as cider any product which is not cider. Adulterated cider may be sold if distinctly marked as such, with the approximate proportion of each ingredient. Penalty, $50 to $100, or imprisonment 30 to 100 days, or both. (Laws of 1897, ch. 3.)

DAIRY PRODUCTS.

Imitation butter and cheese.-Any article in the semblance of butter or of cheese not produced wholly from pure milk or cream is declared imitation. No person shall coat or color with annatto or otherwise any substance designed as a substitute for butter or cheese, or shall compound animal or vegetable fat with butter or cheese or with coloring matter. It is unlawful to manufacture or sell a substitute for butter or cheese unless each purchaser is given a clearly printed statement that it is a substitute. Proprietors of hotels, bakeries, boarding houses, and public institutions using substitutes shall keep posted opposite each table a conspicuous notice, in prescribed form, to that effect. Imitation butter and cheese may, however, be manufactured for shipment outside the State, subject only to the restrictions of the United States law. Penalty, $25 to $50, or imprisonment not over 30 days; for subsequent offenses, $50 to $100, or imprisonment 30 days to 6 months, or both. (Laws of 1895, ch. 78.)

NEVADA.

Adulterated and unwholesome food.-It is unlawful to sell the flesh of diseased animals or other unwholesome provisions, or poisonous or adulterated food or drink. Penalty, not over $500 or not over 6 months' imprisonment. (Gen. Stats. sec. 4677.)

· Milk —The law prohibits the sale of adulterated, impure, or unwholesome milk. or milk from cows kept in a crowded or unwholesome condition, or from cows fed on brewery or distillery waste, or other unwholesome substances. Skimmed milk may be sold as such only. Each county shall appoint a milk inspector. Penalty. not less than $100. (Ibid., secs. 4801-4809.)

66

Imitation butter.-It is unlawful to manufacture or sell any compound, in imi tation of butter, composed of foreign fats or into which melted butter has beer introduced, unless the package containing the imitation be marked oleomargarine" in prescribed type. Penalty, not over $500 or imprisonment 30 days to € months. (Ibid., secs. 4810-4812.)

Candy. It is unlawful to manufacture or sell candy adulterated with terra alba. barytes, or other substances, or with colors or flavors or other ingredients injuririous to health. (Laws of 1897, ch. 13.)

NEW HAMPSHIRE.

FOODS GENERALLY.

Adulterated food and drugs.-No person shall manufacture or sell an adulterated food or drug. A drug is deemed adulterated if it does not conform to the standard of the United States Pharmacopoeia or other standard work by which it is recognized, or if it contains less of the active principle than is contained in the genuine article or falls below its own professed standard. Food is deemed adulterated if it contains less of any valuable constituent than the genuine article; if it contains any foreign substance; if it is colored, polished, or powdered so as to conceal damage; if it contains a poisonous ingredient or a decomposed or diseased or unwholesome substance. Sellers of food or drugs must furnish to the proper officials samples of all articles. Any person who has reason to doubt the purity of an article may send a sample to the State board of health for analysis. The State board of health shall take necessary steps for enforcement of the law. Penalty, fine not over $400 or imprisonment not over 1 year. (Public Laws of 1891, ch. 39.)

Veal. It is unlawful to kill any calf less than 4 weeks old for food or to sell the flesh of such a calf. Penalty, not over $50, or imprisonment not over 30 days, or both. (Ibid, sec. 11.)

Adulterated liquors.-The law prohibits the adulteration of any kind of liquor with cocculus indicus or other enumerated drugs, or with any injurious substance. Penalty, not over $1,000, or imprisonment not over 1 year. (Pub. Stats., ch. 269, sec. 10.)

DAIRY PRODUCTS.

Milk. It is unlawful to adulterate milk with water or otherwise, or to sell such adulterated milk, or milk which is unwholesome or produced by diseased cows or cows fed upon the refuse of distilleries or any other injurious substance. The law also prohibits the sale of impure milk, or milk which contains less than 13 per cent of milk solids. Skimmed milk may be sold only from cans or packages distinctly marked as such in letters not less than 1 inch long.

Towns and cities may appoint inspectors of milk. In towns having inspectors, each person selling milk must obtain a license, and shall report to the inspector the names of his employees, and shall place the number of his license on each vehicle used Inspectors may enter places where milk is kept, examine milk, and take samples. (Pub. Stats., 1891, ch. 127.)

Imitation butter and cheese.-The law prohibits the manufacture or sale of any compound in imitation of butter not produced wholly from pure milk or cream, or of any such compound in imitation of cheese, unless each package containing such article is labeled "adulterated butter," "oleomargarine," or "imitation cheese" in letters not less than 1 inch long. Each retail purchaser must be furnished with a label of a similar character. Any article intended as a substitute for butter must be of some other color than yellow. Oleomargarine may be sold in separate and distinct form, free from coloration or from any ingredient that makes it look like butter. Keepers of hotels or boarding houses, etc., must notify their guests if imitations are used. Penalty, $25 to $50 for the first offense; for the second offense, $50 to $100 or imprisonment from 10 to 90 days, or both. (Public Laws of 1895, ch. 115.)

The State board of agriculture is directed to enforce the law. (Laws of 1899, ch. 58.)

NEW JERSEY.

FOODS GENERALLY.

State dairy commissioner.—The State board of health shall appoint a State dairy commissioner, who shall hold office for 3 years, and receive $2.000 salary. He may appoint assistants, chemists, and inspectors. The total appropriation for this service is not over $10,000 yearly. The proper officers may have full access to any premises where dairy products or imitations are manufactured or sold, and may open any vessel or package and take samples. By a later law this officer is also directed to enforce other pure food laws.

The law provides in detail the jurisdiction of the courts and the methods of procedure in prosecutions for violations. (Laws of 1886, p. 107; Laws of 1895, p. 806.)

Adulteration of food and drugs.-The adulteration of any article of food or of any drug or the sale of such adulterated articles is prohibited. A drug is deemed adulterated if it differs in strength or purity from the standard fixed by the United States Pharmacopoeia or by such other pharmacopoeia or standard work as recognizes the article, or if its strength or purity falls below the professed standard under which it is sold. Food is deemed adulterated if any substance has been mixed with it so as to injure its quality or strength; if any inferior substance has been substituted in it; if any valuable constituent has been taken from it; if it is an imitation; if it contains diseased or decomposed animal or vegetable matter; if it is colored or otherwise made to appear better than it really is, or if it contains any added poisonous ingredient or ingredient injurious to health. Mixtures or compounds recognized as ordinary articles of food or drink may be sold if not injurious to health, and if distinctly labeled as such.

The State board of health shall from time to time fix the limits of variability in articles of food and drugs, and may, with the approval of the governor, declare certain articles or preparations exempt from the law. A guaranty of purity from a manufacturer within the State is a defense for the retailer.

The State board of health may appoint analysts and inspectors, and shall adopt all necessary measures to enforce the law. Every person selling articles of food or drugs must give a sample to any inspector tendering the value thereof. Inspectors shall divide each sample into two parts, seal them, and deliver one part to the seller.

The dairy commissioner also has powers as to enforcing this law.

The law prescribes in detail the jurisdiction of courts and the methods of procedure in the trial of persons charged with violating the law, together with the distribution of fines collected.

Penalty, $50 for the first offense and $100 for subsequent offenses. (Laws of 1881, p. 283, as amended and supplemented by Laws of 1883, p. 185; Laws of 1887, p. 150; Laws of 1897, ch. 93.)

Vinegar. The law prohibits the manufacture or sale as cider vinegar of vinegar not exclusively the product of pure apple juice. It is unlawful to sell any kind of vinegar containing lead, sulphuric acid, or other injurious ingredients. Penalty, $50 to $100. Each county may appoint an inspector of vinegar, who has the usual right of access and of taking samples. Such inspectors are also directed, on request of any manufacturer or dealer, to inspect vinegar in his possession and give a certificate concerning its acidity. (Laws of 1888, p. 349.)

Impure ice. The board of health in cities of the first class may prohibit the use or sale of impure ice or ice from polluted ponds or streams. (Laws of 1895, ch. 353).

Biscuits and cakes.-It is unlawful to manufacture cakes or biscuits in which any substitute for eggs has been used unless a conspicuous label is placed on each package stating that fact. Penalty, $100 for first offense and $200 for subsequent offenses. (Laws of 1895, ch. 254.)

Candy. It is unlawful to manufacture or sell candy adulterated with terra alba, barytes, or other substances, or with colors or flavors or other ingredients injurious to health. (Laws of 1895, ch. 130.)

DAIRY PRODUCTS.

Milk.-This State declares it unlawful to sell milk adulterated with water or any other foreign substance, or to keep cows for the production of milk in a crowded or unhealthy condition, or to feed them on distillery waste or any substance in a state of putrefaction, or on any substance which produces unwholesome milk. It is also unlawful to sell such unwholesome milk, or milk which has been exposed to contamination from persons having contagious diseases. Milk containing less than 12 per cent of milk solids is deemed adulterated or skimmed. Skimmed milk may be sold only in cans bearing metal labels, "skimmed milk," in letters not less than 2 inches high. The sale of adulterated or skimmed milk is entirely prohibited in cities of the first class. Penalty for violation, $50 for first offense and $100 for subsequent offenses.

The enforcement of the law is charged upon the State dairy commissioner. The State board of health enforces the law regarding milk exposed to contagious diseases. Local boards of health may require persons selling milk to report the name and location of all persons furnishing them milk and to adopt ordinances regarding the sale of unwholesome milk. Inspectors have the usual powers, Samples must be sealed up in the presence of one or more witnesses and sent to the State analyst for analysis. The jurisdiction of the procedure of the courts in prosecutions are described in detail. Special provision is made for jury trials in certain cases. (Laws of 1882, p. 97; Laws of 1883, p. 230; Laws of 1884, p. 127; Laws of 1897, ch. 152; Laws of 1898, ch. 183; Laws of 1898, ch. 182.)

Imitation butter and cheese.-It is unlawful to manufacture or sell any compound of fats or oils, not produced from pure milk or cream, artificially colored in imitation of butter or cheese. Oleomargarine may be sold in such manner as will advise the consumer of its real character, free from artificial coloring. Oleomargarine and similar compounds must be sold only from packages branded in 3 places "oleomargarine,” “butterine," or the correct name in letters at least onehalf inch high. Retail dealers must inform each purchaser that the article sold is imitation butter or cheese and must furnish a card bearing the true name with each package sold. Penalty, not over $200, or not over 6 months' imprisonment. The jurisdiction of the courts and the methods of issuing process and conducting prosecutions are described in detail. (Laws of 1886, p. 107, as amended by Laws of 1887, p. 192, and Laws of 1895, p. 658.)

NEW MEXICO.

Adulteration of food.-The code of New Mexico provides that no person shall adulterate any drug with any substance injurious to health, under penalty of imprisonment not over 1 year or fine not over $300. No person shall mix, color, or powder an article of food or drug with any ingredient injurious to health, or manufacture any article containing diseased or unwholesome animal or vegetable substances. Penalty, $200 for first offense; for subsequent offenses, not over $300 or imprisonment not over 1 year, or both.

It is also unlawful to sell any article of food or drug not of the nature or quality demanded by the purchaser. The law does not apply to articles to which a harm