Fence-Viewer's Certificate.

WHERE STRAY HAS NOT BEEN REDEEMED

COUNTY, TOWN OF, SS.

1, the undersigned, one of the Fence-Viewers of said town, do bereby certify, that upon the application of A. B., of said town, upon whose enclosed lands the following stray auimals, to wit: 18-, There name them,] came, on or about the day of and which strays have since that time been kept by the said A. B., and now remain unclaimed and unredeemed, I have ascertained, according to the best of my knowledge and judgment, and upon due inquiry and examination, the reasonable charges of keeping dollars such strays, and that the same amount to the sum of cents; and that the fees for my service amount to

and

dollars.

Given under my hand, this

Certificate where Parties cannot agree

UPON THE CHARGES FOR KEEPING STRAYS.

-COUNTY, TOWN OF —, SS.

WHEREAS, a dispute having arisen between A. B. and C. D., of said town, concerning the reasonable charges of keeping the following strays, to wit: [here name them, which came upon the enclosed lands of the said A. B., on or about the day of 18-, and have been kept by him since that time until the date hereof, and which are now claimed by the said C. D.: Now, therefore, we, the undersigned, two of the Fence-Viewers of said town of do hereby certify that we have ascertained the reasonable charges of keeping said strays, after due inquiry and dollars and examination, and that the same amount to cents; and that the fees for our service amount to Given, &c., [as in Fence-Viewers' Certificate upon the killing of Sheep by Dogs.]

dollars.

FENCE-VIEWERS.

WHEN two parties have lands adjoining, each must make and keep up his half of the division fence. If he neglect or refuse to do this, and the other receive injury thereby, the party so neg. lecting or refusing is liable to the other in damages to the amount of the injury, and for the fees and other charges incidental to

bringing the case before the Fence Viewers of the town, who are the proper persons to examine and adjudicate upon the matter.

When one of two or more parties, having lands adjoining, desires to remove his fence, and to let the land lie open, he is at liberty to do so, at any time between the first of November and the first of April, by giving the other party or parties ten days' notice of his intention to apply to the Fence-Viewers of the town for permission to do the same; but if the Fence-Viewers refuse to give him such permission, he must be governed by their order: should he, notwithstanding their refusal, remove the fence, he is liable to the other party or parties for all damages that may result to them thereby.

When by flood, accident, or any cause, any party's half of a fence is broken down, removed, or destroyed, the party interested may give him ten days' notice in writing to replace it; should he fail to do so, the party interested may erect it without further no tice, and recover the full bill of the same, together with the costa of suit, in an action.

All disputes by owners of adjoining lands relative to broker fences must be submitted to the Fence-Viewers of the town, whose decision must be given in writing, and must be received by the disputants as conclusive.

WHEREAS, A. B. and C. D) were, and are, the owners of certain lands adjoining, in said town of

and on the

day of 18-, or thereabouts, the said A. B. erected a division fence between the land belonging to him and that of the said C. D., who had chosen to let the same lie open; and whereas the said C. D. has, since that time, enclosed the said land belonging to him, and a dispute has arisen between the said parties, concerning the proper proportion of the value of the said division fence, to be paid for by the said C. D.: Now. therefore, we, the undersigned, two of the Fen-e-Viewers of the said town of do hereby certify, that we have made due inquiry into the facts and examined the premises; that the following is a correct de ecription of the fence so built by the said A. B. as aforesaid to wit: [give description that the value thereof, at the time of

building the same, was —— dollars; and that the proper proportion of said value, to be paid by the said C. D. to the said A. B., is dollars: And we also certify, that the fees for our service amount

to

dollars.

Given under our hands, this

day of

in the year 18E. F. FenceG. H. Viewers.

Certificate

CON HEARING DISPUTE BETWEEN OWNERS OF ADJOINING LANDS. COUNTY, TOWN OF

SS.

WHEREAS, A. B. and C. D. are the owners of certain lands adjoining, in the said town of , and a dispute has arisen between them, concerning the respective proportions of a division fence to be maintained [or, made,] by them: Now, therefore, we, the undersigned, Fence-Viewers of the said town, do hereby certify, that upon the application of the said parties, we proceeded to examine the premises and hear the allegations of the said parties; and that we do determine that said division fence be built as follows, to wit give description;] that one third part of said fence is the proper proportion thereof to be built by the said A. B.; and that the remaining two thirds is the proper proportion thereof to be built by the said C. D.: And we also certify, that our fees for our service amount to dollars.

Given, &c., as in Certificate of Value of Fence built by an ad joining owner.]

Certificate of Damages

WHERE DIVISION FENCE IS OUT OF REPAIR.

COUNTY TOWN OF- SS.

WE, the undersigned, two of the Fence-Viewers of said town, do nereby certify, that upon the application of A. B., the owner of land adjoining the land of C. D. in said town, to ascertain and ap praise certain damages alleged to have been incurred by the said A. B., in consequence of the neglect [or refusal] of the said C. D. to make [or maintain his proportion of a division fence between the aforesaid lands, we proceeded to examine the premises; and, after due inquiry and examination by us made, we do deter mine that the said A. B. has sustained damages to his land, crops fruit trees, and shrubbery, [add "fixtures," if necessary,] in conse quence of the neglect [or refusal] of the said C. D. to make (or maintain his proportion of such division fence as aforesaid

which said damages we have ascertained and do appraise at doilars.

Given, &c., [as in Certificate of Value of Fence built by an ad joining owner.]

To Mr. A. B.:

Notice and Certificate of Consent.

TO REMOVE DIVISION FENCE.

TAKE notice, that I shall make application to E. F. and G. H, two of the Fence-Viewers of the town of

on the

day of next, for permission to remove the division fence between the land occupied by you in said town, and that owned and occupied by me, lying adjacent thereto.

Dated the

-

day of

18-.

COUNTY, TOWN OF

SS.

C. D.

WE, the undersigned, two of the Fence-Viewers of said town, do nereby certify, that upon the application of C. D., made in accordance with a notice, of which the above is a copy, duly served upon A. B., therein mentioned, more than ten days before this day, we nave examined the premises where the division fence named in aid notice is situate, and do determine, that the same may, with propriety, be removed.

Given, &c., [as in Certificate of Value of Fence by an adjoining owner.]

MINORS.

In law, both males and females are infants, or minors, till they arrive at the age of twenty-one years. In the States of Vermont and Ohio, females are legally of age at eighteen.

No minor can bind him or herself by contract for anything except necessaries—such as food, clothing, or education. If he or she contracts for other than necessaries, on attaining his or her majority, he contract is void or yoidable at his or her option.

Minors can do no act to the injury of their property. In caso one should do so, he or she may repudiate or rescind it on arriving of age.

A minor whose parents may have released his claim for his or her labor, or the wages arising therefrom, is not thereby enabled to enter into contracts which he or she may not at any time annul ; nor has a parent or guardian power to compel him or her to make any contract which he or she is not disposed to enter into.

Every contract made by a minor which is to his or her injury is void; but a contract which is clearly to his or her benefit is good; and any contract that is uncertain, whether injurious or beneficial, is voidable or not, as he or she may choose.

A contract for necessaries is binding on a minor when he or she becomes of age, and may be recovered in a suit of law; but in order to recover the sum due for them, it must be shown that the articles were really necessary for him or her under the circumstances and condition in which he or she was placed when they were furnished. The real circumstances of the minor must be considered, and not his apparent condition.

Necessaries for a minor's wife and children, or for either, are necessaries for him.

If a minor obtain goods on the pretence that he or she is of age, and then refuse payment on the ground that he or she is, or was not then of age, the creditor cannot recover the value of the goods, but he can have the minor so guilty punished for fraud.

A parent is not bound by the contract of his son, even for ne cessaries, unless an actual authority can be shown, or the circumstances be sufficient to imply such authority. What circumstances are sufficient to imply an authority must always be a question to determine in each particular case. The safest rule iù all such instances, however, is to always demand a written order or au thority.

A father is liable for necessaries furnished to his minor children, but they must be strictly necessaries--such as the father is in duty bound to supply, but has failed to provide. In all such cases the sums due therefor may be recovered.

If a minor be coaxed, cajoled, or forced into an unwilling mar