Hours.-9-hour day, 51-hour week, under 16, any occupation. 10-hour day, 54-hour week, females, any occupation. Exemptions: Fruit and vegetable canneries; nurses in hospitals. Night work prohibited.—8 p. m. to 6 a. m., under 16, any occupation. 9 p. m. to 6 a. m., girls under 21, any occupation. Exemption: Telephone operators over 18. 10 p. m. to 6 a. m., females, manufacturing establishments. Exemption: Managers, stenographers, clerks, etc. 8 p. m. to 6 a. m., boys under 16, girls under 21, any street occupation. 8 p. m. to 6 a. m., under 21, messenger service. 9 p. m. to 5 a. m., under 18, bakeries. Work permits.-Under 16, any occupations, issued by school superintendent upon: (1) Employer's statement of intention to employ child, giving nature of employment; (2) completion of 6th grade; (3) certificate of physical fitness; (4) proof of age by (a) birth certificate, or (b) baptismal certificate, or (c) passport, or (d) other documentary proof, or (e) physical examination. Permit to be mailed to employer and returned by mail to issuing officer when child leaves. Vacation permits.-14-16, issued for employment on days when school is not in session on same requirements as for regular permits, except (2). General exemption.-Agriculture and domestic service in private homes. Education.-School attendance compulsory between 8 and 16 entire school year. Exemption: 14 if employed and literate. Continuation schools.-Minors 14 and 15, regularly employed, required to attend continuation schools (where established) not less than 8 hours a week between 8 a. m. and 5 p. m., but not on Saturdays. Enforcement.--Department of labor aud industry (Harrisburg); attendance officers, police. Violations.-Minimum penalty (first offense): Employer, $10. RHODE ISLAND. Age limits.-Boys 12, girls 16, selling anything, bootblacking, cities of 70,000 or over. 14 years, factory, manufacturing, or business establishment. 16 years, theatrical exhibition. Exemptions: Children with written consent of mayor; children taking part without pay in school, church, or charitable entertainments. 16 years, cleaning machinery in motion. 18 years, operating elevators. Minors and women in barrooms. Hours.-10-hour day, 54-hour week, under 16, and all females, factory, manufacturing, mechanical, business, or mercantile establishment. Night work prohibited.-8 p. m. to 6 a. m., under 16, occupations prohibited under 14; 9 p. m. to 5 a. m., boys under 16, selling, bootblacking; 10 p. m. to 5 a. m., under 21, messenger service. Work permits.-Under 16, occupations prohibited under 14; issued by school committee upon: (1) Proof of age by (a) birth certificate or (b) baptismal certificate or (c) passport; (2) ability to read and write English; (3) certificate of physical fitness; (4) employer's statement of intention to employ child. Employer to return permit to school committee which issued it when child leaves. Street work permits.-Under 16; issued by truant officer or school committee upon statement of principal that child is attending school and is physically fit for work. year. Education.-School attendance compulsory between 7 and 15 entire school Exemption: Children who have completed 8th grade; 14 and regularly employed. Enforcement.-Department of factory inspection (Providence); truant officers, probation officers, police. Violations.-Meximum penalties: (1) Employer, $500; (2) false affidavit, $500. SOUTH CAROLINA. Age limits.-12 years, factory, mine, textile establishment. 14 years, messenger service, cities of 5,000 or over. 14 years, cleaning gears in proximity to machinery in motion. Hours.-10-hour day, 60-hour week, all operatives, cotton and woolen manufacturing establishments. Maximum 11 hours a day, except for making up lost time. 12-hour day, 60-hour week, females, mercantile establishments. Night work prohibited.—8 p. m. to 6 a. m., under 16, occupations prohibited under 12. Exemption: 9 p. m. to make up lost time; 10 p. m., females, mercantile establishments; 10 p. m. to 5 a. m., under 18, messenger service. Work permits.-Under 14, employer to require statement of child's age from parent or guardian. Duplicate sent to commissioner of agriculture, commerce, and industries, who issues permit. Education.-School attendance compulsory (in school districts where adopted) between 8 and 14 entire school year (16 unless employed or literate). Four months in agricultural districts, or full term if less; does not apply to children engaged in work at home. Exemptions: Cases of poverty. Enforcement.-Commissioner of agriculture, commerce, and industries (Co lumbia). Violations.-Minimum penalties (first offense): (1) Employer, $10; (2) parent, $10; (3) false affidavit, $10. SOUTH DAKOTA. Age limits.-14 years, factory, workshop, mine, mercantile establishment. Exemptions: Mercantile establishments during school vacations; cases of poverty, with permit from school superintendent. 16 years, occupations dangerous to health or morals. 21 years, barrooms. Hours.-10-hour day, 60-hour week, under 16. Exemption: May be employed until 10 p. m. on Saturday and 10 days before Christmas. 10-hour day, children under 14 and all females. Exemption: Farm work and domestic service. Work permits.-Under 16, occupations prohibited under 14; issued by school superintendent, stating age of child, ability to read and write English, or that the child is regularly attending night school or attended during past 12 months. Education.-School attendance compulsory between 8 and 14 entire school year (may be decreased to 16 weeks by district board). Enforcement.-County superintendent of schools may visit establishments; mining inspector. Violations.—Minimum penalty (first offense): Employer, $10. TENNESSEE. Age limits.-14 years, mill, factory, workshop, laundry, telegraph or telephone office, errand, delivery, or messenger service. 16 years, dangerous occupations including mines and quarries. Hours.-10-hour day, 58-hour week, under 16 and all females, workshop, factory. Must be one shorter day each week. Night work prohibited.—6 p. m. to 6 a. m., under 16, occupations prohibited under 14. 10 p.m. to 5 a. m., under 18, messenger service. Work permits.-Sworn statement of parent or guardian as to age of child to be kept on file by employer for every child under 16. General exemption.-Canneries exempt from all provisions except 14-year limit during school hours and 16-year limit for dangerous occupations. Education.-School attendance compulsory between 8 and 14 (16 unless regularly employed) 80 days, or full term where session is shorter; entire school year in cities of 5,000 or over. Enforcement.-Department of workshop and factory inspection (Nashville); commissioner of bureau of labor and mining statistics. Violations.-Minimum penalties (first offense): (1) Employer, $25; (2) parent, $25. TEXAS. Age limits.-15 years, manufacturing or other establishment using dangerous machinery, about machinery in mill or factory, distillery, brewery, manufacture of goods for immoral purposes, messenger to immoral house, any employment dangerous to health or morals. 17 years, mine, quarry. Minors and women, barrooms. Hours.-9-hour day, 54-hour week, females, any industry. Exemptions: Stenographers, pharmacists; 54-hour week, females, laundries; 10-hour days, 60-hour week, females, cotton, woolen factories. Education.-School attendance compulsory between 8 and 14, 60 days for year beginning Sept., 1916; 80 days for year beginning Sept., 1917; 100 days for year beginning Sept., 1918, and thereafter. Exemption: Children of 12 who have completed 4th grade and whose services are needed. Enforcement.-Bureau of labor statistics (Austin). UTAH. Age limits.-Boys 12, girls 16, selling anything in streets, cities of 1st and 2d class. 12 years, bootblacks. 14 years, specified dangerous occupations, manufacture of goods for immoral purposes, quarry, mine, coal breaker, laundry, tobacco warehouse, cigar factory, cigar store or stand, distillery, brewery, theater, concert hall, saloon, pool room, operating automobile, motor car, motor truck, elevators, bowling alleys. 21 years, females, where liquors are manufactured or dispensed. 21 years, messengers to immoral resorts or other objectionable places. All females in mines. 54-hour week, boys 14, girls 16, any gainful occupation. Exemption: Domestic service, agriculture, fruit or vegetable packing. 54-hour week, boys 14, girls 16, any gainful occupation. Exemption: Domestic service, agriculture, fruit or vegetable packing. 9-hour day, 54-hour week, females, manufacturing, mechanical, mercantile establishment, laundry, hotel, restaurant, telephone or telegraph establishment, hospital, office, express, or transportation company. Night work prohibited.-9 p. m. to 5 a. m., under 21, messenger service; 9 p. m., under 16, selling, bootblacking. Work permits.—Issued by school superintendent upon attendance at school 100 days during year previous and ability to read and write English. Street work permits.-Under 16; issued by school superintendent upon (1) satisfactory proof that child is 12 or over, and (2) written statement of principal that child is attending school and is physically fit for work. Education.-School attendance compulsory between 8 and 16 twenty weeks each year; 30 weeks, cities of 1st and 2d class. Exemption: Cases of poverty. Enforcement.-Bureau of immigration, labor and statistics (Salt Lake City); truant officers. Violations. Minimum penalties (first offense): (1) Employer, $25; (2) parent, $25. VERMONT. Age limits.-14 years, mill, factory, quarry, workshop. 16 years, railroading, mining, manufacturing, quarrying, hotel, bowling alley, messenger service during school hours or unless completed elementary school. 16 years, specified dangerous occupations, including tobacco factories. Hours.-9-hour day, 50-hour week, occupations prohibited under 16 during school hours. 11-hour day, 58-hour week, under 18 and all women, manufacturing and mechanical establishments. Night work prohibited.-8 p. m. to 7 a. m., under 16, occupations limited to 9 hours a day. Work permits.-Under 16 for occupations prohibited during school hours; issued by town superintendent, certifying that child has completed elementary school. Employer may require (must require on demand of attorney) parent or guardian to furnish certificate of age. Education.-School attendance compulsory between 8 and 16 at least 170 days. Exemption: Completed 8 or 9 grades or is 15 and has completed 6 grades. Enforcement.-State factory inspector (Montpelier). Violations.-Minimum penalty (first offense): Any provision, $5. VIRGINIA. Age limits.-Boys 10, girls 16, selling newspapers, periodicals, cities of 5,000 or over. 14 years, factory, workshop, mine, mercantile establishment, laundry, bakery, brick or lumber yard, distribution, transmission or sale of merchandise, messenger service (cities of 5,000 or over). 14 years, peddling, acrobat, immoral or injurious exhibition. 21 years, and all females where liquors are manufactured or sold. Exemption: Hotels, mercantile establishments (in country). Hours.-10-hour day, under 16, occupations prohibited under 14. 10-hour day, females, factory, workshop, laundry, mercantile or manufacturing establishment. Exemption: Canneries and fish-packing establishments in the country; bookkeepers, stenographers, cashiers, office assistants. Night work prohibited.—9 p. m. to 7 a. m., under 16, occupations prohibited under 14. 7 p. m., under 14, distribution, transmission or sale of merchandise. 10 p.m. to 5 a. m., under 18, messenger service. Work permits.—Under 16, occupations prohibited under 14; issued by notary public upon proof of age by (a) birth certificate, or (b) passport or baptismal certificate, or (c) other documentary proof, or (d) affidavit of parent or guardian. Employer to return permit to issuing officer when child leaves. Fruit and vegetable canneries, July 1st-Nov. 1st. Mercantile establishments, towns of 2,000 or less. 12-14 released from operation of act with permit from circuit or corporation court. Education.-School attendance compulsory between 8 and 12 at least 12 weeks each year if illiterate. Adopted by following counties and cities: Counties: Alleghany, Henrico, Rockingham, Shenandoah, Wise. Cities: Bristol, Clifton Forge, Lynchburg, Petersburg, Richmond. Enforcement.-Bureau of Labor and Industrial Statistics (Richmond). Violations.-Minimum penalties (first offense): (1) Employer, $25; (2) parent, $25. WASHINGTON. Age limits.-14 years, factory, mill, workshop, store. Exemption: 12-14 in cases of poverty with permit from superior court judge. 14 years, boys; 16 years, girls; store, shop, factory, mine, any inside employment not connected with farm or house work unless with permit from judge of superior court. 14 years, boys outside mines, colleries. 16 years and all females, mines. 18 years, begging, immoral or injurious exhibition. 18 years, female, shakers in laundries. 19 years, messengers, cities of 1st class. Exemption: Boys over 14 with permit from judge of juvenile court. Hours.-8-hour day, females, mechanical or mercantile establishment, laundry, hotel, restaurant. Exemption: Fruit and vegetable canneries. 8-hour day, all persons in mines. Night work prohibited.-8 p. m. to 5 a. m., under 16, bakeries. 7.30 p. m., under 18, mercantile establishments, factories, laundries, dye works. 9 p. m. to 6 a. m., under 18, telegraph, telephone, or mercantile establishment, messenger or parcel delivery service. Work permits.-Under 15; issued by school superintendent, excusing child from attendance at school, giving age of child and time for which excuse is given. Education.-School attendance compulsory between 8 and 15 entire school year (16 unless regularly employed or completed 8th grade). Enforcement.-Bureau of labor (Olympia). Industrial commission to regulate wages, hours, and conditions of women and minors. Violations.-Minimum penalty: Employer, $10. Street work, Seattle (city ordinance).—12 years, selling, performing. Permit from juvenile and humane department or police department required under 18. WEST VIRGINIA. Age limits.-14 years, factory, mill, workshop, manufacturing establishment. Exemptions: Under 14 with permit from commissioner of labor. 15 years, acrobatic, immoral or injurious exhibition. 15 years, dance house, concert hall, theater, etc., where liquors are sold. 16 years and all females in mines. Exemption: Boys over 14 when schools are not in session. 18 years, singing, playing, begging. Minors and women, cleaning machinery in motion. Work permits.-Under 16, occupations prohibited under 14; issued by school superintendent upon: (1) Completion of 4th grade; (2) proof of age by (a) passport or (b) school census or (c) affidavit of parent or guardian; (3) statement of issuing officer that child fulfills requirements and is physically fit for work, doubtful cases to be determined by physician. Employer to return permit to issuing officer when child leaves. Education.-School attendance compulsory between 8 and 15, twenty-four weeks. Enforcement.-Bureau of labor (Charleston). Violations.-Minimum penalties (first offiense): (1) Employer, $10; (2) par ent, $10. WISCONSIN.* Age limits.-Boys 12, girls 18, selling newspapers and periodicals, cities of 1st class. Boys 14, girls 18, bootblacking or any other street trade, cities of 1st class. 14 years, factory, manufacturing establishment, workshop, store, hotel, restaurant, bakery, mercantile establishment, laundry, telephone, telegraph or messenger service, delivery of merchandise, or any gainful occupation. Exemption: 12-14 in vacations, store, office, mercantile establishment, warehouse, telegraph, telephone, or messenger service. Under 15 years, acrobat in theatrical exhibition, license not to be granted if occupation is immoral or dangerous. 16 years, dangerous occupations, including places where liquors are manufactured, bottled, or sold, theaters, bowling alleys, tobacco factories. 16 years, theatrical, musical, or other performances. Exemption: Children with permit from judge; children taking part without pay in school, church, or charitable entertainment. 18 years, extra-hazardous occupations, including females in telephone and telegraph service. 18 years and all females in mines and quarries. Hours.-8-hour day, 48-hour week, under 16, any gainful occupation. Exemption: 8-hour 30 min. day to close at 12 on Saturday, week to remain 48 hours. 8-hour day, 48-hour week, under 18, cigar factories or stores. 10-hour day, 55-hour week, females, work done between 6 a. m. and 8 p. m. 8-hour day, 48-hour week, females, work done between 8 p. m. and 6 a. m. Night work prohibited.-6 p. m. to 7 a. m., under 16, any gainful occupation. 7.30 p.m. to 5 a. m., boys under 16, selling newspapers and periodicals, cities of 1st class. Exemption: 4 a. m. to 6 a. m., boys 14 to 16 distributing newspapers. 8 p.m. to 6 a. m., under 21, messenger service, cities of 1st, 2d, 3d class. Work permits.-Under 16, occupations prohibited under 14; issued by industrial commission, county, municipal, or juvenile court judge upon: (1) Proof of age by (a) birth certificate or (b) school record or (c) passport or baptismal certificate or (d) other satisfactory proof; (2) completion of 5th grade or attendance for 7 years; (3) employer's written statement of intention to employ child. Statement of actual employment to be filed with issuing officer. Employer to return permit to issuing officer within 24 hours after child leaves. Permits may be refused to children who appear physically unfit. |