prove that it was Mr. Adams, and not Mr. Craw this State has upon the subject is, that if Jackford, as Lewis had charged, who made a bar-son should be elected, Calhoun will come into gain with Mr. Clay. power;" asserting his belief that such would not Is it not apparent that these men had long be the case, because some of Mr. Calhoun's faintended to abuse the public ear with these mily friends had used the term "military chiefcharges, and that their promulgation depended tain!!" and alleging, as of his own knowledge, upon the fact of support or opposition to Gen. that Mr. Calhoun and his friends favored the Jackson? If Mr. Clay had voted for Gen. Jack-pretensions of Mr. Adams, until it was known son he would have been eulogized as a patriot; that Mr. Clay would vote for Mr. Adams; addbut having voted for Mr. Adams, he was de-ing, however, "if you can ascertain that Calnounced as a party to a corrupt bargain, and houn will not be benefitted by Jackson's electhe anathemas of the people invoked upon his tion, you will do him a benefit by communihead, although Amos Kendall and Francis P. cating the information to me." Blair, who advised him to give that vote, have become the chosen organs of Gen. Jackson and the associates of W.B. Lewis, while Louis McLane, who voted precisely upon the same principle, is his favorite Secretary of the Treasury, and James Buchanan, at one time denounced as the bearer of a corrupt proposition from Mr. Clay to Gen. Jackson, is Minister to Russia!! Verily, these are contradictions which would be diffi cult to reconcile, had they been perpetrated by any one else but a Hero!!

This letter, it seems, was placed in General Jackson's hands, with a suggestion that Mr. Calhoun ought to be dropped, and Mr: Clinton taken up as a candidate for Vice President.Gen. Jackson, after detaining the letter a few days, returned it to Mr. Balch, stating "he was sorry he had seen the letter, that Calhoun had been his friend, to all appearances, for the last ten years; and he felt disposed to rely on him as such. That he wished all political differences put to an end, and not to be revived, as We ask the reader to pause for a moment, and no goud could grow out of them. He was willtreasure these facts in his mind, whilst we pro-ing the country might settle these matters, and ceed to demonstrate that the same individuals all such, as it had done.”

who have so successfully played upon the pub- The motive upon which Mr. Crawford suplic credulity, are now perpetrating a more fla-ported General Jackson is openly avowed; it grant outrage upon the public confidence, in was to prevent Mr. Calhoun's coming into powtheir attempt to elect Van Buren Vice Presi-er. General Jackson himself knew that the dent, and through the influence of party discipline and public patronage, appoint him the successor of Gen. Jackson.

charge which Mr. Crawford here makes was untrue. Major Eaton's letter, which bears date 13th December, 1824, affirms "that every State where Mr. Calhoun was supposed to have any strength will stand for Jackson;" whereas

We have seen that, upon the election of Mr. Adams, the friends of Mr. Calhoun, having al. ready taken sides with Gen. Jackson, those of honest George Kremer's" letter, giving the Mr. Crawford having assumed a neutral posi- first intimation that Mr. Clay would go for Mr. tion, Lewis instructed Mr. Simpson to pour oil Adams, bears date on the 25th January, 1825. in their wounds, and accordingly, Gen. Jack-Yet we are told that Mr. Crawford's letter, son, who had not been upon speaking terms making this charge, enclosed to General Jack. with Mr. Crawford for years, waited upon him, son, with a suggestion" that Calhoun ought or and an immediate reconciliation took place.* might be dropped, and Clinton taken up, reAlthough this advance had been made to-ceived the reply we have quoted!! wards a reconciliation between Mr. Crawford Why did General Jackson not say to Mr. and Gen. Jackson, it was but one of the steps Balch, I know the statement relative to Mr. Calto that union of interest which it is our duty to houn to be untrue, and cannot consent to reexpose. Hence we find Mr. Van Buren, (after ceive Mr. Crawford's support on the terms Mr. Adams had refused to appoint him Minister which he proposes. His letter supposes that I to England,) visiting Mr. Crawford in April, am capable of making an arrangement now, so 1827, when it was agreed between them to sup-to use the patronage of the Government, in port Gen. Jackson; but Mr. Crawford had a case I am elected, as to destroy the confidence ruling passion, which was hostility to Mr. Cal- which the people repose in Mr. Calhoun. This houn; and hence, when Mr. Balch, who was I cannot do. Why did not Gen. Jackson reMr. Van Buren's deputy, wrote to him upon turn this answer, instead of saying that "he felt the subject, he replied, the "only difficulty that at first like investigating the matter, but that upon reflection, concluded to leave it to time;

* The Washington City Gazette, of the 17th that Calhoun had been his friend for the last March, 1825, gives an account of a dinner at ten years; and he felt disposed to rely on him Fredericksburg, given as a tribute of respect as such; that he wished all political differences to Mr. Crawford, then on his way home, at put to an end, and not to be revived, as no which Mr. Cobb, the bosom friend of Mr. Craw-good could grow out of them " ford, then in attendance upon him, and the person who had taken so conspicuous a part in the Seminole affair against Gen. Jackson, gave the following toast:

“Gen. Jackson-His glory will perish only with his country."

Here we find him expressing his sorrow at a chargemade against a friend by a known personal adversary, which he himself knew to be false,and declaring that he at first felt like investigating it; that he had declined to do so because no good could grow out of it; adding, however, that he was

"willing the country might settle these mat-trigues"; he had bargained with Messrs. Clay, ters, and all such, as it had done;" which, un- Cheves, and Webster, to divide the offices and der the circumstances of the case, was tanta- patronage of the Government!! But to demount to saying to Mr. Crawford, "no good nounce Mr. Crawford was not enough; Mr. can grow out of a quarrel with Mr. Calhoun Simpson was instructed to be careful not to of now, because his support is as necessary as fend the friends of Mr. Adams, lest they might yours, to secure the high prize which I have be driven to Mr. Crawford in preference of in view; but inasmuch as your only objection Gen. Jackson; yet no sooner was it ascertained to give me an active support is the apprehen- that Mr. Adams was the real competitor, than sion that Calhoun will come into power, I am it was discovered that it was he and not Mr. willing to say that the country may settle these Crawford who had made the bargain with Mr. matters, and all such, as it has done," or, in Clay, and oil was poured into the wounds other words, although "I fear that no good can which had been inflicted by order!! grow of an effort to put down Mr. Calhoun, by The intelligent reader will note the sne attempting to put up Mr. Clinton at Mr. Cal-game in the present times. The charge now is houn's expense; and, therefore, I do not con- that Mr. Calhoun and Mr Clay has made a barsent that my friends shall move in this matter; gain!! What, to divide the offices! No, beyet I am willing that Mr. Crawford shall under- cause no one who knows Mr. Calhoun supposes stand, that if I am elected, Mr. Calhoun shall that he would take office under Mr. Clay; but not be benefitted; for I will leave the matter to he and Mr. Clay are both opposed to the plan be settled by the country. I will not help of appointing Mr. Van Buren General Jackhim." son's successor; and consequently they are op

We know that there are some who will con-posed to perpetuating power in the hands of sider this just such an answer as General Jack. Wm. B. Lewis, Amos Kendall, & Co.; and son ought to have returned to Mr. Crawford's therefore they are denounced. proposition; but there are others who will see But says one of the party, Mr. Van Buren is in it a determination to conciliate Mr. Crawford the party candidate, and Mr. Calhoun and his at the expense of good faith towards Mr. Cal- friends should support him because he is the houn, if it could be done without a loss of the party candidate. To this we reply, that the support of Mr. Calhoun and his friends, which measures which have resulted in the nominawas at that time considered necessary to secure tion of Mr. Van Buren, are in open violation of General Jackson's own elevation; and that Mr. the principles and usages of the republican parCrawford and Mr. Van Buren availed them- ty; that General Jackson has no more right to selves of the declaration that "he was willing nominate his successor than Mr. Adams had; that the country might settle these matters, and and that the attempt to do so should be resistall such, as it had done," as a pledge that the ed with more vigilance than the attempt attripatronage of the Government should be so buted to Mr. Adams. That he who opposed used as to prevent, if possible, Mr. Calhoun's the re-election of Mr. Adams upon the ground elevation to office, is apparent from the fact that his election would bring the patronage of that Mr. Calhoun and all his friends are more the Government in contact with the freedom of violently denounced, and more bitterly persecu- elections, is doubly bound to oppose the same ted than Mr. Clay and his friends. Admitted abuse of the patronage of the Government, if and known facts speak for themselves, and attempted by Gen. Jackson. It was not to that the facts are so, none will deny. But we put down Mr. Adams, nor yet to put up Gen. will examine the pretext under which the par- Jackson, that the people rallied against the retisans of Van Buren attempt to justify this pro- election of Mr. Adams. It was to vindicate the scription and persecut on. We cannot believe character of the American people, and the puthat Gen. Jackson has been guilty of the gross rity of our institutions. injustice to Mr. Calhoun and his friends without The great advantage of the last war, was to an apology which has been satisfactory to his demonstrate that our Government had energy own mind; and we attribute the course which enough to carry us through a war; the great he has pursued to the vile intrigues of the un-advantage of the last presidential election was, principled men who surround him, and who con- to prove that no President could appoint his trol and govern him by the grossest adulation. successor; that the patronage of the GovernOf these men, William B. Lewis is the chief. ment is not so strong as to control our popular His great object is MONEY; and having so suc- elections. But for what have we struggled, if cessfully played upon the public credulity, in General Jackson appoints his successor No the attempts to place General Jackson in one is now so ignorant to suppose him more power, he and his coadjutors have resorted to competent to administer the Government than a similar artifice in their warfare upon Mr. Cal- either of his competitors. houn. As we have stated, when Lewis sup- But, says one of the party, a whole hog posed that Mr. Crawford was the principal com- Jackson man, Mr. Calhoun is opposed to Gen. petitor, he labored to anticipate events by filling Jackson-true, we grant the fact; but we would the public ear with artfully contrived tales of ask if Mr. Calhoun is not entitled to a fair and bargains, intrigues, and political arrangements, impartial hearing? If it shall appear that Gen. which were always made to square with the in- Jackson has sought a quarrel with Mr. Calterests of his chief, Thus, when Mr. Crawford houn, without cause-that General Jackson's was the competitor, he was the "giant of in- quarrel with Mr. Calhoun is but a pretext for

denouncing him, and intended to give color, trust, requires no apology, and if it did, I have and effect to the intrigues by which Wm. B. too much self-respect to make it to any one in Lewis and Amos Kendall expect to perpetu-a case touching the discharge of my official ate power in their hands, through Martin conduct. I stand on very different ground. I Van Buren, must we follow Gen. Jackson in embrace the opportunity which your letter ofhis warfare upon Mr. Calhoun's character? fers, not for the purpose of making excuses, Was not Mr. Calhoun a leading member of but as a suitable occasion to place my conduct the party before General Jackson assailed his in relation to an interesting public transaction, character? He was. What right has General in its proper light; and I am gratified that Mr. Jackson, more than any other individual, to as- Crawford, though far from intending me a kindsail a leading member of the party? None. ness, has afforded me such an opportunity. Mr. Calhoun did not seek a quarrel with Gen. "In undertaking to place my conduct in its Jackson. It was General Jackson who quar- proper light, I deem it proper to premise that relled with Mr. Calhoun. Mr. Calhoun brought it is very far from my intention to defend mine no charge against General Jackson. It was by impeaching yours. Where we have differGeneral Jackson who charged Mr. Calhoun ed, I have no doubt that we differed honestly; with duplicity. It becomes then a matter of and in claiming to act on honorable and patriimportance to ascertain whether that charge otic motives myself, I cheerfully accord the was truly made. same to you.

We will now proceed to show, by the most "I know not that I correctly understood your indubitable proof, that the responsibility for a meaning, but, after a careful perusal, I would dissolution of the party rests on General Jack-infer from your letter that you had learned for son; and that neither Mr. Calhoun, nor one of the first time, by Mr. Crawford's letter, that you his friends, can vote for his re election, or the and I placed different constructions on the orelevation of Mr. Van Buren, without dishonor der under which you acted in the Seminole We have already proved, by the testimony of war; and that you had been led to believe preMajor Eaton, that the charge exhibited in Mr.viously, by my letters to yourself and Governor Crawford's letter to Mr. Balch, was untrue. Bibb, that I concurred with you in thinking Indeed that was abandoned when, in the fulness that your orders were intended to authorize of time, the conspiracy by which Gen. Jack your attack upon the Spanish posts in Florida. son's popularity was brought to bear on Mr. Under these impressions, you would seem to Calhoun, was matured. A new charge was then impute to me some degree of duplicity, or at embodied in the letters of Mr. Forsyth to Mr. least concealment, which required, on my part, Hamilton, and of Mr. Crawford to Mr. Forsyth, explanation. I hope that my conception of the origin and progress of which we have here- your meaning is erroneous, but if it be not, and tofore explained. In communicating Mr. your meaning be such as I suppose, I must be Crawford's letter to Mr. Calhoun, General permitted to express my surprise at the misapJackson says: prehension, which, I feel confident, it will be "My object in making this communication in my power to correct by the most decisive is to announce to you the great surprise which proof, drawn from the public documents,* and is felt, and to learn of you whether it be possi- the correspondence between Mr. Monroe and ble that the information given is correct; whe-yourself, growing out of the decision of the ther it can be, under all the circumstances of cabinet on the Seminole affair, which passed which you and I are both informed, that any at- through my hands at the time, and which I now tempt seriously to affect me was moved and have his permission to use, as explanatory of sustained by you in the cabinet council, when, my opinion as well as his, and the other memas is known to you, I was but executing the bers of his administration. To save you the wishes of the Government, and clothed with trouble of turning to the file of your corresponthe authority to conduct the war in the man- dence, I have enclosed extracts from the letner I might judge best.'" ters, which clearly prove that the decision of We cannot better explain this question be- the cabinet on the point that your orders did tween them, than by copying part of Mr. Cal- not authorize the occupation of St. Mrrks and houn's reply, dated Pensacola, was early and fully made known to you, and that I, in particular, concurred in the "SIR: In answering your letter of the 13th decision. inst., I wish to be distinctiy understood, that Mr. Monroe's letter of the 19th July, 1818, however high my respect for your personal the first of the series, and written immediately character, and the exalted station which you after the decision of the cabinet, and from occupy, I cannot recognize the right on your which I have given a copious extract, enters part to call in question my conduct on the in- fully into the views taken by the Executive of teresting occasion to which your letter refers. the whole subject. In your reply of the 19th I acted, on that occasion, in the discharge of a of August, 1818, you object to the construction high official duty, and under responsibility to which the administration had placed on your my conscience and my country only. In reply

"WASHINGTON, 29th May, 1830.

ing then to your letter, I do not place myself See appendix from A to F inclusive, being in the attitude of apologizing for the part I may an extract from a private correspondence behave acted, or of palliating my conduct on the tween Mr. Monroe and General Jackson in the accusation of Mr. Crawford. My course, I Seminole campaign.

orders, and you assign your reasons at large, you long since knew that the administration, why you conceived that the orders under which and myself in particular, were of the opinion you acted authorized your operations in Flori- that the orders under which you acted, did not da. Mr. Monroe replied on the 20th of Octo- authorize you to occupy the Spanish posts; but ber, 1818, and, after expressing his regret that I now infer, from your letter to which this is in you had placed a construction on your orders answer, that such conclusion was erroneous, different from what was intended, he invited and that you were of the impression till you you to open a correspondence with me, that received Mr. Crawford's letter, that I concuryour conception of the meaning of your orders, red in the opposite construction, which you ad that of the administration, might be placed, gave to your orders, that they were intended with the reasons on both sides, on the files of to authorize you to occupy the posts. You rethe War Department. Your letter of the 15th ly for this impression, as I understand you, on of November, in answer, agrees to the corres- certain general expressions in my letter to pondence as proposed, but declines commenc- Governor Bibb, of Alabama, of the 13th of May, ing it, to which Mr. Monroe replied by a letter 1818, in which I state that "General Jackson of the 21st of December, stating his reasons for is vested with full powers to conduct the war suggesting the correspondence, and why he in the manner he shall judge best," and also To in my letter of the 8th February, 1818, in anthought it ought to commence with you. these, I have added an extract from your letter swer to yours of the 20th of January of the of the 7th December, approving Mr. Monroe's same year, in which I acquainted you "with message at the opening of Congress, which the entire approbation of the President of all though not constituting a part of the correspon- the measures you had adopted to terminate the dence from which I have extracted so copious- rupture with the Seminole Indians.” "I will not reason the point, that the letter ly, is intimately connected with the subject unto Gov. Bibb, which was not communicated to der consideration. "But it was not by private correspondence, you, which bears date long after you had occuonly, that the view which the Executive took of pied St. Marks, and subsequent to the time your orders was made known. In his message you had determined to occupy Pensacola, (see to the House of Representatives of the 25th of your letter of June 2d, 1818, to me, published March, 1818, long before information of the re-with the Seminole document,) could give you sult of your operation in Florida was received, authority to occupy those posts. I know that, Mr. Monroe states, that orders had been in quoting the letters, you could not intend given to the General in command not to enter such absurdity to authorize such an inference; Florida, unless it be in pursuit of the enemy, and I must therefore conclude that it was your and,in that case, to respect the Spanish authori-intention by the extract to show that, at the ty, wherever it may be maintained; and he will time of writing the letter, it was my opinion be instructed to withdraw his forces from the that the orders under which you did act, were Province, and as soon as he has reduced that intended to authorize the occupation of the tribe (the Seminoles) to order, and secured our Spanish posts. Nothing could have been more fellow citizens in that quarter, by satisfactory remote from my intention in writing the letter. arrangements against its unprovoked and sa- It would have been in opposition to the view vage hostilities in future.' In his annual mes- which I have always taken of your orders, and sage at the opening of Congress in November of in direct contradiction to the President's mesthe same year, the President, speaking of your sage of the 25th March, 1818, communicated entering Florida, says, on authorizing Major but a few weeks before to the House of ReGeneral Jackson to enter Florida in pursuit of presentatives, (already referred to,) and which the Seminoles, care was taken not to encroach gives a directly opposite construction to your on the rights of Spain. Again: In entering orders. In fact, the letter, on its face, proves Florida to suppress this combination, no idea that it was not the intention of the Govern was entertained of hostility to Spain, and, how- ment to occupy the Spanish posts. By refer ever justifiable the commanding General was, ring to it, you will see that I enclosed to the in consequence of the misconduct of the Spa- Governor a copy of my orders to General nish officers, in entering St. Marks and Pensa- Gaines, of the 16th December, 1817, authoriz cola to terminate it, by proving to the savages, ing him to cross the Spanish line, and to attack and their associates, that they could not be pro- the Indians within the limits of Florida, unless tected, even there, yet the amicable relations they should take shelter under a Spanish post, between the United States and Spain could not in which event, he was directed to report inbe altered by that act alone. By ordering the mediately to the Department, which order Gorestitution of those posts, those relations were vernor Bibb was directed to consider as his aupreserved. To a change of them the power of thority for carrying the war into Florida, thus the Executive is deemed incompetent. It is clearly establishing the fact that the order was vested in Congress alone.' The view taken of considered still in force, and not supersede 1 this subject met your entire approbation, as ap- by that to you, directing you to assume the pears from the extract of your letter, of 7th De- command in the Seminole war. "Nor can my letter of the 6th February be, cember, 1818, above referred to. After such full and decisive proof, as it by any sound rule of construction, interpreted seems to me, of the views of the Executive, I into an authority to occupy the Spanish posts, had a right, as I supposed, to conclude that or as countenancing, on my part, such an in

terpretation of the orders previously given to gave to the orders be not stated with sufficient you. Your letter of the 20th January, to which distinctness in the then President's correspondmine is in answer, bears date at Nashville, be- ence with him, I will cheerfully give, as one of fore you set out on the expedition, and consists the members of the administration, my own of a narrative of the measures adopted by you, views fully in relation to the orders, if it be in order to bring your forces into the field, desired by General Jackson; but it is only with where they were directed to rendezvous, the him at his desire, that, under existing circumtime intended for marching, the orders for sup-stances, I should feel myself justified in corplies given to contractors, with other details of responding on this or any other subject conthe same kind, without the slightest indication nected with his public conduct:" to which I of your intention to act against the Spanish added, in my letter to you, covering a copy of posts, and the approbation of the President of the letter from which the above is an extract, the measures you had adopted could be intended" with you I cannot have the slightest objecto apply only to those detailed in your letter. I tion to correspond on this subject, if additional do not think that your letter of the 13th inst. information be desirable." You expressed no presents the question, whether the Executive desire for further information, and I took it for or yourself placed the true construction, con- granted that Mr. Monroe's correspondence sidered as a military question, on the orders with you, and the public documents, furnished under which you acted. But I must be per- you a full and clear conception of the construcmitted to say, that the construction of the for- tion which the Executive gave to your orders; mer is in strict conformity with my intention in under which impression I remained till I redrawing up the orders; and that, if they be sus-ceived your letter of the 13th inst.” ceptible of a different construction, it was far from being my intention they should be. I did not then suppose, nor have I ever, that it was in the power of the President, under the con- ago, that it was you, and not Mr. Crawford, stitution, to order the occupation of the posts who had been secretly endeavoring to destroy of a nation with whom we were not at war, my reputation. These insinuations I indignant(whatever might be the right of the General, ly repelled, upon the ground that you, in all under the law of nations, to attack an enemy your letters to me, professed to be my personal sheltered under the posts of a neutral power;) friend, and approved entirely of my conduct in and had I been directed by the President to is- the Seminole campaign. I had too exalted an sue such order, I should have been restrained opinion of your honor and frankness, to believe, from complying by the higher authority of the for one moment that you could be capable of constitution, which I had sworn to support. such "DECEPTION." Nor will I discuss the question whether the or

To this letter, which should have been satisfactory, Gen. Jackson replied:

"It had been intimated to me, many years

Gen. Jackson, after referring to Mr. Crawder to Gen. Gaines, inhibiting him from attacking ford's statement, says: the Spanish posts, (a copy of which was sent "It may become necessary for me hereafter, to you,) was in fact, and according to military when I shall have more leisure, and the docuusage, an order to you, and of course obliga- ments at hand, to place the subject in its proper tory until rescinded. Such, certainly, was my light, to notice the historical facts and referopinion. I know that yours was different. You ences in your communication, which will give a acted on your construction, believing it to be very different view of this subject. right; and, in pursuing the course which have "It is due to myself, however, to state that done, I claim an equal right to act on the con- the knowledge of the executive documents and struction which I conceived to be correct, orders in my possession will show conclusively knowing it to conform to my intentions in is- that I had authority for all I did, and that your suing the orders. But in waiving now the explanation of my powers, as declared to Goquestion of the true construction of the orders, vernor Bibb, shows your own understanding of I wish it, however, to be understood, it is only them. Your letter to me of the 29th, handed because I do not think it presented by your let- to-day, and now before me, is the first intimater, and not because I have now, or ever had, tion to me that you ever entertained any other the least doubt of the correctness of the opi. opinion or view of them. Your conduct, words, nion which I entertain. I have always been pre. actions, and letters, I have ever thought show pared to discuss it on friendly terms with you, this. Understanding you now, no further comas appears by the extracts from Mr. Monroe's munication with you on this subject is necescorrespondence, and more recently by my let- sary." (See Gen. Jackson's letter, dated May ter to you of the 30th April, 1828, covering a 30th, 1830, in reply to Mr. Calhoun's letter, copy of a letter of Major H. Lee, in which I from which we have quoted above.) declined a correspondence which he had reques- To this letter, Mr. Calhoun replied, on the ted on the subject of the construction of your 1st of June, as follows:

orders. In my letter to Major Lee, I stated "You intimate that, at some future time, that "as you refer to the public documents when you may have more leisure, you will only for the construction which the Executive place the subject of this correspondence in a gave to the orders, I infer that, on this subject, different light. wish you to be assured, I you have not had access to the General's (Jack feel every confidence, that, whenever you may son's) private papers; but if I be in an error, be disposed to controvert the correctness of and if the construction which the administration either my tatement or conduct in this affair, I