town, Newport, R. I., and Ticonderoga, N. Y. April 4, 1778, he married Rachel Johnson, daughter of Benjamin Johnson, with whom he lived about fifty-two years, she dying Jan. 5, 1830, aged 73. By her he had seven children, five of whom still survive. He died March 10, 1847, aged 89 years and 5 days.

A Discourse delivered before the Rhode Island Historical Society, on the evening of Wednesday, January 13, 1847. By Hon. Job Durfee, Chief-Justice of Rhode Island. Published at the request of the Society. Providence: Charles Burnett, Jr. 1847.

The subject of this discourse is " Rhode Island's Idea of Government." Judge Durfee speaks of the "origin of this idea of the various forms which it took in its progress towards its realization in that state, in minds of much diversity of character and creed; and of that 'lively experiment,' which it subsequently held forth, that a most flourishing civil state may stand, and be best maintained, with a full liberty in religious concernments' a liberty which implied an emancipation of reason from the thraldom of arbitrary authority, and the full freedom of inquiry in all matters of speculative faith."

Though to the founders of Rhode Island, and particularly to Roger Williams, belong the fame and glory of having realized this idea in the form of a civil government, they were by no means the first to maintain it. Long before the Reformation it originated among the Waldenses in the valleys of Piedmont, and by means of the crusade against them by Innocent III., it was spread far and wide. The Reformation and the coming of the Puritans to America tended to confirm it, but never was it fully realized till Roger Williams and his followers came to "the forest-shaded banks of the Mooshausic," and established a government on the principle that "the State has no right to interfere between conscience and God."

After dwelling largely on the early history and influence of Rhode Island, the author passes to the time of the Revolution. We find that this little state, though royally armed in her Charter, stood among the foremost in the great struggle for independence. She was the first to direct her officers to disregard the Stamp Act, and to assure them indemnity for so doing; the first to recommend the permanent establishment of a Continental Congress; the first to adopt the Articles of Confederation; the first to brave royalty in arms; the first to enact and declare independence; the first to establish a naval armament of her own; and the first to recommend to Congress the establishment of a Continental Navy. The oration closes with an eloquent appeal to preserve the history and early records of the State. Appended is a Poem by Sarah Helen Whitman, recited before the Rhode Island Historical Society, previous to the delivery of the address.

A Sketch of the History of Newbury, Newburyport, and West Newbury, from 1635 to 1845. By Joshua Coffin, A. B. S. H. S.

Boston: Published by Samuel G. Drake, No. 56 Cornhill.
Coolidge. 1845.

Printed by George

This is an exceedingly valuable and highly interesting work, and appears to have been written with great labor, and con amore. The author seems, as he says, "to have made a broad distinction between fact and tradition, and to have related nothing as fact, which he did not believe to be true." The representation of the character of the inhabitants of Newbury and their transactions, we think is accurately given, and seems to have been given “sine ira, sine studio." Copious extracts are made from the town records, and many from the church records, which latter exhibit more fully the peculiar traits of our ancestors.

The town of Newbury was originally one of the largest towns in the county, being about thirteen miles long, and about six miles broad in the widest place, and containing about thirty thousand acres, of which nearly two thousand were covered with water. In 1764 it was divided into two towns, Newbury and Newburyport, and in 1819 West Newbury was set off and incorporated as a separate town.

This volume is embellished with portraits of Dr. John Clarke, the physician in Newbury from 1637 to 1651, who died in Boston in 1664, aged 66, Chief Justice Sewall, Rev. Mr. Whitefield, and Rev. Dr. Parish, and also with a map of the town and engravings of the old-town meeting-house which stood one hundred and six years, from 1700 to 1806, and of a house which "was infested with demons" in 1679, and where, "before the devil was chained up, the invisible hand did begin to put forth an astonishing visibility!" The Appendix, containing among other things a List of Grantees, and Genealogies of the First Settlers from 1635 to 1700, is a very important part of the work. The conclusion, comprising about fifty pages, is also valuable.

Brookline Jubilee. A Discourse delivered in Brookline, at the request of its Inhabitants, on 15 March, 1847, the day which completed half a Century from his Ordination, by John Pierce, D. D., fifth minister of the first Congregational Church and Society in said town. Boston: James Munroe and Company. MDCCCXLVII.

The text on which this discourse is founded is in Psalm xxxvii: 25. "I have been young and now am old."

It is indeed pleasant in these "moving times," when ministers are not settled during even good behavior, but only so long as they please the fastidious taste of their people, to behold a pastor who has remained with his flock a long series of years, who stands among them, a relic of a former generation, to guide them by his counsels and guard them with his watchful care. It is alike honorable to the pastor and his people to meet in one common jubilee, to thank the bounteous Giver of all things for his mercies, and strengthen the ties which have so long bound them together. In the present case, however, not a church merely, but a whole town have united to honor one who may be regarded as their father, and whose name is identified with the town.

The sermon contains, as might be expected from Dr. Pierce, an immense amount of historical facts, some of them of a general, but most of them of a local character. The town of Brookline was incorporated Nov. 13, 1705, O. S., and the first Congregational church was gathered Oct. 26, 1717, O. S., of which Dr. Pierce is the fifth pastor. Since his settlement nearly all who were then around him have departed this life, while he, now enjoying a "green old age," stands almost alone. The discourse is very valuable for the history it contains, and is written in a candid and an affectionate manner. Appended is an exceedingly interesting account of the proceedings of the day, which was published in the Christian Register, and other papers in Boston. We regret that we have not room to insert extracts from it. Dr. Pierce will go down to the grave beloved and respected by all ministers and people who knew him, whether of his own or other denominations.

A Discourse on the Cambridge Church-Gathering in 1636; delivered in the First Church, on Sunday, February 22, 1846. By William Newell, Pastor of the First Church in Cambridge. Boston: James Munroe and Company. 1846.

The text is from Psalm xliv: 1-3. แ We have heard with our ears, O God, our fathers have told us, what work thou didst in their days in the times of old. How thou didst drive out the heathen with thy hand, and plantedest them. For

they got not the land in possession by their own sword, neither did their own arm save them; but thy right hand, and thine arm, and the light of thy countenance, because thou hadst a favor unto them."

This discourse contains an account of the formation of the church in Cambridge, and of some of the events preceding it, and brief notices of the principal actors. It contains also many other valuable facts. There is an appendix containing nineteen pages of great value, embracing among other things a list of the members of the church, taken and registered in the 11 month, 1658," and brief genealogical notices of one hundred and seventeen individuals. In giving this sermon to the public, Mr. Newell has rendered an important service.

have lost £60,000 in the great fire of London, in 1666. He was agent for the. Massachusetts Colony in England for a long time. He left eight sons, the youngest of whom, Eliakim, returned to Boston, took possession of the family property, and died 1718, at the age of 77, having been many years a member of the Council. He left a handsome estate, and was a benefactor of Harvard College. A grandson of Richard Hutchinson settled in Ireland, and was the founder of the family of the present Earl of Donoughmore.

Samuel Hutchinson, the brother of William, lived in Boston, unmarried, until his death, 1667, and was accounted a scholar in his time, and published a work on the Millennium. Edward Hutchinson, brother of the preceding, accompanied the family of William to Newport, but soon returned to England, and is not known to have been again in America. His subsequent history is not known. His wife Sarah was admitted to the first church, Boston, 1633; and two sons, John and Ichabod, baptized.

Mrs. Wheelwright participated in the banishment of her husband, the Rev. John Wheelwright, went to Exeter, and afterwards to Wells in Maine, where her mother, Mrs. Susanna Hutchinson, the common ancestor of all the family, died about 1642. Col. Elisha Hutchinson, the great-grandson, visited Wells in the latter part of the seventeenth century, and erected a monument to the memory of his ancestor, which is still visible. Mrs. Wheelwright's descendants are very numerous throughout New England.

After the emigration to Rhode Island, and the return of a part of the family to England, they would have become extinct in Massachusetts, but for the fact that Edward, the eldest son of William, who accompanied his parents to Rhode Island, subsequently returned to Boston, and became the ancestor of many descendants. Eliakim, son of Richard, also left children.

Edward, (subsequently known as Capt. Hutchinson,) the son of William and Ann, was born in England about 1608, and was about twenty-five years of age when he arrived in Boston. He immediately interested himself in the affairs of the Colony, became a freeman in 1634, assisted in organizing a military system, and employed himself in examining and selecting such lands as might be valuable for settlement. Although he was much affected by the violent treatment his family had been subjected to, he remained only a short time with them in Rhode Island, but proceeded to England, and there, about 1640, married Miss Catherine Hamby, daughter of a respectable counsellor at Ipswich, and immediately

returned to Massachusetts, and took possession of the landed property acquired there by his family. He was joyfully received by . the Massachusetts authorities, and immediately employed in connection with John Leverett on an important mission to the Narraganset Indians. He was soon elected a Representative of the town of Boston in the General Court, and on several occasions resisted publicly the spirit of intolerance so frequently manifested by the Colonial authorities of that period. In 1658, when the law regarding the Quakers was passed, Capt. Hutchinson and Major Thomas Clark, who were both Representatives of Boston, recorded their dissent to this law, and Hutchinson actually took charge of several Quakers who had subjected themselves to the penalty of the law, and removed them from this jurisdiction at his own expense. Again in 1665, he headed a petition in favor of the Baptists, who were the subjects of persecution, and obtained a cessation of hostilities towards them. He had on several occasions rendered service to the Colony in negotiating with the Indians, and on the breaking out of King Philip's War, in 1675, he was appointed to the command of a large corps of cavalry, sent to meet Philip near Brookfield, and was there shot in August, 1675, and died on his way home, at Marlboro', where he was buried. Capt. Hutchinson was twice married, and had children; namely, Elisabeth, (Mrs. Edward Winslow,) Elisha, Anne, (Mrs. Dyer of Newport,) Susanna, (Mrs. Coddington,) Catharine, (Mrs. Bartholomew,) Hannah, (Mrs. Walker,) and Edward, who died without issue. The last three were by a second wife, Mrs. Abigail Button.

Elisha Hutchinson, son of the preceding, was born in Boston, 1641, educated at the Grammar School, and then as a merchant. About 1665, he married Hannah Hawkins, and had children; namely, Thomas, Elisabeth, (Mrs. Richardson,) Hannah, (Mrs. Ruck,) Abigail, (Mrs. Cruft,) and, by a second wife, Elisabeth, the widow Freake, and daughter of Major Thomas Clark, children, Edward and others. He was Colonel of the Suffolk regiment. No man enjoyed the public respect more than he did. He was early chosen to represent the town, and was elected Assistant under the first charter, in 1684. He was denounced by Randolph to the Lords in Council, as one of the factious members, who resisted the prerogative party, previous to the dissolution of the charter. After that event, in 1688, being in London with Increase Mather and Samuel Nowell, he remonstrated with the ministry against the despotic acts of Andros. He returned home, and, after William III., of Nassau, Prince of

Orange, was crowned king, in 1689, again acted as Assistant. While the French War was proceeding in Canada, in 1690, Col. Hutchinson was sent to negotiate with the Maine Indians, to induce them to secede, but it was without effect. Before the arrival of the charter in 1692, he was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the forces against the French and Indians then in arms in the Province of Maine. He was one of the first Council under the new charter, and continued to be annually elected for twenty-five years, and, during the whole period, acted as Chief-Justice of the Common Pleas Court. He was commander of the Castle, also, in 1702, when Gov. Dudley arrived; and, in consequence of his activity in the Andros revolution, was removed from that place by the new Executive. Col. Hutchinson died in 1717, much respected, having lived to see all his children respectably settled about him.

Thomas Hutchinson, the eldest son of Col. Elisha, was born in Boston, Jan. 30, 1674-5, and was bred to mercantile pursuits. In 1703, he married Sarah, the eldest daughter of Col. John Foster, one of the wealthiest merchants, and most influential men, of his time. He was early a member of the Provincial Legislature, and thirty years a member of the Council. He was distinguished for independence of character in times of great party excitement, was much esteemed for his integrity, and for his liberal benevolence on all occasions when the public exigencies required his aid. Snow says, that he in 1713 built the Grammar School in Bennet Street, entirely at his own charge, and he was also a liberal contributor to Harvard College. He died in 1739, much lamented. His eldest son, Foster Hutchinson, who graduated at Harvard College in 1721, died early. He left two sons, Thomas, Governor of the State, and Foster, (the second son of the same name). His daughters were married to Rev. William Welsteed, Rev. Samuel Mather, Rev. Mr. Rogers, and Mr. Davenport.

Edward Hutchinson, the second son of Col. Elisha, was born 1678, bred a merchant, and was married in 1706 to Lydia, the second daughter of Col. Foster. He was much in the public business, serving as a Selectman of the town, Representative to the General Court, Colonel of the regiment, Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, Judge of Probate for the County of Suffolk, and thirty years Treasurer of Harvard College. He sustained himself with good reputation in all these situations, and died, at an advanced age, highly esteemed, in 1752. He left three children; namely, Edward, who graduated at Harvard, 1748, lived a great invalid many years,