of a dust for a long time. When Morgan cried, with his martial inspiration, "Come, boys, who's for the camp before Cambridge," the mountaineers turned out to a man. Short was their "note of preparation." The blanket buckled to their backs, their baggage, a supply of food in their pouches, scanty as an Aborigine would take for a long march, their commissariat-they grasped their rifles, and strode away to the North, a band of young giants, for the combats of liberty.

The Americans may be said at this time to have no national costume-all borrowed from abroad. They "order things" better in Scotland. There the Gael adheres to the martial habiliments of his ancestors, proud of their renowned recollections, and jealous of the peculiar colors of his tartan. Amid the cruel persecutions of Forty-five, was the proscription of the Highland costume; which is, in truth, the only relic of the ancient Roman dress. What British ministry would proscribe it now. They hail with joy the philebeg and hose, whose warriors have covered their arms with glory in every quarter of the world. From the time that the old Highland watch, the renowned "Fortie-twa,"+ first embarked for

This has reference to the action of the British government after the rising of the Scotch in 1745, in favor of Charles Edward, grandson of James II. of England, who claimed a right to the British throne. They were put down in 1746, and many suffered punishments.

†The celebrated forty-second regiment of the British infantry, known as the Royal Highlanders. It was organized in May, 1740. It was embodied in Perthshire, Scotland, in 1730, as a local corps, and was widely known as the "Black Watch," the privates even, being gentlemen by birth and fortune. It was first called the fortythird regiment, and was then numbered as the forty-second in 1749. It was made "royal" in 1758, by George II., as a testimony of his approbation of the “extraordinary courage and exemplary conduct of the Highland regiment."

This gallant corps has been abroad on active service more than sixty-four years, and in England and Ireland thirty-five-only thirteen years being spent in Scot

foreign service, down to the present hour, in every action where they have been engaged, in every quarter of the world, the friend and the foeman have alike awarded glory to the kilts. But suppose, for a moment, yielding to the "march of intellect," you disrobe Donald of his trews, and fit him with "braw breeks," in their steadadieu, then, adieu to the magic influence of the soulstirring pipes; no longer will the awful cry of Claymore drive him headlong into the ranks of the foe; and soon,

land. It has served in twenty-nine expeditions and campaigns, and has been engaged in more than fifty battles, sieges, and skirmishes. The following is a list of the principal campaigns and actions of note in which it has distinguished itself:

At the bloody battle of Fontenoy, in 1745; the descent on the coast of France and the siege of L'Orient, in 1746; the raising of the siege of Hulse, and the campaign in South Beveland, in 1747; the attack on Ticonderoga, in 1758; that on Martinique and the capture of Guadaloupe; the expedition to Lakes George and Champlain, under General Amherst, including the surrender by the French of Crown Point and Ticonderoga, in 1759; the surrender of Montreal, in 1760; the capture of Martinique, siege of the Moro castle and capture of Havana, in 1762; the campaigns against the North American Indians in 1763, 1764, and 1765.

During our War for Independence the forty-second was present at the battles of Brooklyn and Long Island, and the capture of Fort Washington, in 1776; Brandywine and Germantown, 1777; Monmouth, 1778; Elizabethtown, 1779; siege of Charleston, 1780, and many minor affairs.

During the war of the first French Revolution, the forty-second was engaged in the battles of Nicuport, 1793; Gildermaison, 1795; the capture of St. Lucia and St. Vincent, 1796, and Minorca, 1798. In Egypt, it was present in the several actions under Abercrombie, and gained the red-feather as a particular mark of distinction for its gallantry there. The regiment was also in Moore's campaign in Portugal and Spain, the disastrous retreat to Corunna and the fierce fight there, in 1808-9. It was in the unfortunate Walcheren expedition; fought in the battle of Salamanca; was at the siege of and retreat from Burgos, and in the battles in and near the Pyrenees - Nivelle, Nive, Orthes, and finally at Thoulouse — which terminated Wellington's campaigns in Spain and the occupation of that country by the French armies. The regiment was in the bloody battle of Quatre Bras, and distinguished itself a few days after in the awful struggle at Waterloo. Since then they have maintained their well-earned reputation in the Crimea and in India.

The forty-second is one of the oldest of all the Scotch regiments now in the British army; the others are the seventy-first, seventy-second, seventy-third, seventy-fourth, seventy-fifth, seventy-sixth, seventy-eighth, ninety-first, ninety-second, and ninetythird.

very soon, would there be a farewell to the glories of the "forty-twa."

And should not Americans feel proud of the garb, and hail it as national, in which their fathers endured such toil and privation, in the mighty struggle for Independence, which is associated with so many and imposing events of the days of trial-the march across the frozen wilderness, the assault on Quebec,* the triumphs of Saratoga† and the King's mountain ? But a little while, and of a truth, the hunting-shirt, the venerable emblem of the Revolution, will have disappeared from among the Americans, and only to be found in museums, like ancient armor, exposed to the gaze of the curious.

*Arnold's expedition in the autumn of 1775, and the siege of Quebec, where they were made prisoners. See page 267.

† When General Burgoyne, with a large invading army that had penetrated from Canada, was obliged to surrender to the republicans, under General Gates.

Early in the autumn of 1780, Cornwallis, who held South Carolina in subjection, resolved to invade the North State. As a part of his plan, he sent Major Patrick Ferguson to embody the tories among the mountains, west of the Broad river. Early in October he crossed that stream with a considerable force, and encamped among the hills of King's mountain. There he was attacked on the seventh by several corps of whig militia. A bloody contest ensued, and the republicans were victorious. Ferguson was slain, and three hundred of his men were killed and wounded. Eight hundred of them were made prisoners. There were many huntingshirts in the republican ranks on that day.

CHAPTER IX.

WASHINGTON'S HEADQUARTERS.

HEADQUARTERS AT MORRISTOWN-VALLEY FORGE AND ITS ASSOCIATIONS-PRIVATIONS THERE CONWAY'S CABAL-ALLIANCE WITH FRANCE PROCLAIMED-HEADQUARTERS UNDER CANVASS-BANQUETING AND SLEEPING MARQUEES— WASHINGTON WITHIN THEM-THE MAKER OF THE MARQUEES-THE LIFE-GUARD-GOVERNOR TRUMBULL-PUTNAM STARTING FOR THE CAMP - WASHINGTON'S APPEAL FOR ASSISTANCE-SCENE IN GOVERNOR TRumbull's PRESENCE-THE GOVERNOR'S PATRIOTISM-SUPPLIES PROMISED-JOY ON THEIR Arrival - TRUMBULL'S TWO SONS-CAPTAIN MOLLY AND THE COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF — OLD SOLDIERS AT THE PRESIDENTIAL MANSION-REVERENCE FOR HEADQUARTERS.

MANY of the establishments that constituted the headquarters during the Revolution yet remain for the veneration of the Americans.* At Cambridge,† Morristown,‡

* This chapter was first published in the National Intelligencer, on the twenty-third of February, 1843.

† Washington's residence during the time a portion of the American army occupied Cambridge, near Boston, from the spring of 1775 until that of 1776, is yet standing, and is well preserved. It was known as the Cragie House, and has been for many years the property and residence of Professor Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, the poet. It is a spacious building, standing at the upper of two terraces, which are ascended by five stone steps. At each front of the house is a lofty elm, mere saplings when Washington was there. Everything within is sacredly preserved in its ancient style, for the hand of the iconoclast, Improvement, has not been allowed to strike a single blow there.

The house in which Washington resided at Morristown is well preserved. It is about a quarter of a mile eastward of the village green. Washington first occupied it in the winter of 1777, after his brilliant achievements at Trenton and Princeton. He was again there during the winter of 1779-'80. During the war it was the residence of Widow Ford, mother of the late Judge Gabriel Ford, who lived there until his death, which occurred a few years ago. It, too, is quite a spacious mansion, pleasantly situated near the highway. There in the autumn of 1848, while Judge Ford was yet living, I passed a night, and slept in the room occupied by General Washington and his lady. The carpet and some of the furniture were the same that belonged to the room when that illustrious couple occupied it.

Newburgh, New Windsor, West Point, and other places, the buildings are still preserved; but of the

* The headquarters at Newburgh presents a point of great attraction to tourists on the Hudson during the summer season. It is a rather small, old-fashioned Dutch house, fronting the river, and now belongs to the state of New York, it having come into its possession by foreclosure of a mortgage. It is in charge of the public authorities at Newburgh, and has been thoroughly repaired, care having been taken to preserve the ancient form of every part that was renewed. It was dedicated to the public service with appropriate ceremonies, on the fourth of July, 1850, when MajorGeneral Winfield Scott, who was present, hoisted the American flag upon a lofty staff that had just been erected near. At the foot of that flag-staff, as we have already observed, the last survivor of Washington's Life-Guard lies buried.

The front door of this mansion opens into a large square room, which was used by Washington for his public audiences, and as a dining hall. It is remarkable as having seven doors, and only one window. In the December number of the New York Mirror for 1834, is an interesting account of this old building, by Gulian C. Verplanck, Esq. He relates the following anecdote connected with this room, which he received from Colonel Nicholas Fish, father of the late governor of the state of New York. Just before Lafayette's death, himself and the American minister, with several of his countrymen, were invited to dine at the house of the distinguished Frenchman, Marbois, who was the French secretary of legation here during the Revolution. At the supper hour the company were shown into a room which contrasted quite oddly with the Parisian elegance of the other apartments where they had spent the evening. A low boarded, painted ceiling, with large beams, a single small, uncurtained window, with numerous small doors, as well as the general style of the whole, gave, at first, the idea of the kitchen, or largest room of a Dutch or Belgian farm-house. On a long rough table was a repast, just as little in keeping with the refined kitchens of Paris as the room was with its architecture. It consisted of a large dish of meat, uncouth-looking pastry, and wine in decanters and bottles, accompanied by glasses and silver mugs, such as indicated other habits and tastes than those of modern Paris. "Do you know where we now are ?" said the host to Lafayette and his companions. They paused for a few minutes in surprise. They had seen something like this before, but when and where? "Ah! the seven doors and one window," said Lafayette, "and the silver camp-goblets, such as the marshals of France used in my youth! We are at Washington's headquarters on the Hudson, fifty years ago!"

† Washington lived in a plain Dutch house at New Windsor, which has long since passed away. He occupied it first on the twenty-third of June, 1779, and again toward the close of 1780, where he remained until the summer of 1781. In that humble tenement, Mrs. Washington entertained the most distinguished officers and their ladies, as well as the most obscure, who sought her friendship. New Windsor village is about two miles below Newburgh.

Washington never remained at West Point long at a time, and, properly speaking, he had no headquarters there. At this time not a single building of any