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CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OF WASHINGTON.

[Prepared by William Barnum, chief clerk.]

The Carnegie Institution of Washington was incorporated Jan. 4, 1902, and endowed by Andrew Carnegie with $10,000,000. The purpose of the institution is thus declared by its founder:

"It is proposed to found in the city of Washington an institution which, with the co-operation of institutions now or hereafter established, there or elsewhere, shall in the broadest and most liberal manner encourage investigation, research and discovery-show the application of knowledge to the improvement of mankind, provide such buildings, laboratories, books and apparatus as may be needed, and afford instruction of an advanced character to students properly qualified to profit thereby."

The following list shows the departments of investigations to which the larger grants have been assigned and the amounts of those grants in 1906: Station for experimental evolution. Tortugas marine biological laboratory. Botanical research.

$21,000

15,700

33,000

Horticulture (Luther Burbank).

10,000

Economics and sociology.

30,000

Historical research...

Terrestrial magnetism.

14,450 54,000

Solar observatory (Mount Wilson).

150,000

Geophysical research.

Geophysical laboratory.

20,000 85,000

Southern observatory

10,000

Nutrition

16,500

an

The fields of investigation to which minor grants of from $500 to $10.000 were assigned were thropology archæology, astronomy, bibliography, botany, chemistry, geology, history, literature, mathematics, meteorology, paleontology, philology and linguistics, physics, physiology and zoology. The grants for publication amounted to a total of $47.297.59.

The larger projects now under way and the names of the department directors or investigators are as follows:

Botanical Research-D. T. MacDougal.
Economics and Sociology-Carroll D. Wright.
Experimental Evolution-Charles B. Davenport.
Historical Research-J. F. Jameson.
Horticulture-Luther Burbank,

Marine Biology-A. G. Mayer.
Meridian Astrometry-Lewis Boss.
Nutrition-F. G. Benedict, R. H. Chittenden, L. B.
Mendel and T. B. Osborne.

Solar Physics-George E. Hale.

Terrestrial Magnetism-A. L. Bauer.

Work in Geophysics-F. D. Adams, G. F. Becker, A. L. Day.

Under the original organization the endowment and the conduct of the institution were intrusted to a board of twenty-seven trustees, but under act of congress approved April 28. 1904, certain ex-officio trustees were dispensed with. The board now consists of the following persons: Trustees-John S. Billings, John L. Cadwalader, Cleveland H. Dodge, W. N. Frew, Lyman J. Gage, Daniel C. Gilman, Henry L. Higginson, E. A. Hitchcock, William Wirt Howe, Charles L. Hutchinson, William Lindsay. Seth Low, D. O. Mills, S. Weir Mitchell, William W. Morrow, Elihu Root, Charles D. Walcott, Andrew D. White. Robert S. Woodward, Carroll D. Wright, Henry S. Pritchett, William H. Taft, William H. Weich.

The officers are as follows:

President of the Institution-Robert S. Woodward. Officers of the Board of Trustees-John S. Billings, chairman; Elihu Root, vice-chairman; C. H. Dodge, secretary.

Executive Committee-Carroll D. Wright, chairman: John S. Billings, Daniel C. Gilman, S. WoodWeir Mitchell, Elihu Root, Robert S. ward, C. H. Dodge, C. D. Walcott. The offices of the institution are in the Bond building. Washington, D. C.

THE CARNEGIE FOUNDATION.

On the 27th of April, 1905, it was announced by Frank A. Vanderlip, vice-president of the National City bank of New York city, that Andrew Carnegie had transferred to a board of trustees $10,000,000 first mortgage 5 per cent United States Steel Corporation bonds, the purpose of the trust fund thus created being to provide annuities for college professors in the United States, Canada and Newfoundland who from old age or other physical disability are no longer in a position to render the most efficient service. The trustees are as follows: A. T. Hadley, Yale university. Charles William Eliot, Harvard university. Nicholas Murray Butler, Columbia university. Jacob G. Schurman, Cornell university. Woodrow Wilson, Princeton university. L. Clark Seelye, Smith college.

Charles C. Harrison, University of Pennsylvania. Alex. C. Humphreys, Stevens institute. S. B. McCormick, Western University of Pennsylvania.

Edwin B. Craighead, Tulane university.
H. C. King. Oberlin college.

C. F. Thwing, Western Reserve university.
Thomas McClelland. Knox college.
Edwin H. Hughes, Depauw university.
H. McClelland Bell, Drake university.
George H. Denny, Washington and Lee univer-
sity.

President Peterson, McGill university.
Samuel Plantz, Lawrence university.

David S. Jordan, Leland Stanford Jr. university.
W. H. Crawford, Allegheny college.
Henry S. Pritchett, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology.

F. A. Vanderlip, New York.

T. Morris Carnegie, New York.

R. A. Franks, Hoboken, N. J.

The corporation having charge of the fund is styled "The Carnegie Foundation." No annuity to exceed $2,400 is paid.

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MAP OF THE NORTH POLAR REGIONS-WALTER WELLMAN.

Showing the highest latitude reached by Peary and the proposed route of the Wellman-Chicago Record-Herald airship expedition.

The Wellman-Chicago Record-Herald poiar expedition met with further delay in 1907 and operations were postponed until 1908. Extremely stormy weather prevailed during the summer in the region of Spitzbergen and only one opportunity was afforded of giving the airship a trial, and that was under adverse circumstances. In the winter of 1906-07 the craft had been enlarged so as to increase its carrying capacity, a new and more powerful motor had been provided and a new steel car built, making the America the most powerful airship ever constructed. surface measurement of the balloon part or gas reservoir was 24,000 square feet, its length 183 feet and its greatest diameter 52.5 feet. The steel car underneath was 115 feet long. The lifting power of the balloon when fully inflated was 19,000 pounds, while the total weight to be carried, including men, machinery, instruments, food,

The

a number of Siberian dogs and sledges for a possible journey over the snow and ice. was estimated at 15,000 pounds. A seventy-horse-power gasoline engine furnished the driving power.

The expedition reached Dane's island, Spitzbergen, June 8, 1907, and from then until Sept. 2 the time was occupied in getting the airship ready and in repairing damages done by severe storms. The last two weeks were spent in waiting for favorable weather conditions. The trial ascent was made Sept. 2, when the airship was towed three miles through the strait by steamer and was then released. The machinery worked well and a start toward the north was actually made, but the wind, which had been blowing at the rate of six miles an hour, freshened, a snowstorm began and the compass failed to work and it was deemed absolutely necessary to make १ landing and return to the base on Dane's island.

This was successfully accomplished with some difficulty on account of the gale. Mr. Wellman considered that the airship had proved a success, and while it was too late to make another trial in 1907 he announced that another attempt to reach the pole would be made in 1908.

The distance from Dane's island to the north pole is about 618 sea miles, which would have made the distance for the round trip 1,236 miles. The estimated radius of action of the airship was from 2,250 to 2,700 miles.

ANOTHER PEARY EXPEDITION.

Robert E. Peary received three years' leave of absence for another expedition to the arctic and made preparations for sailing in the Roosevelt in August, 1907. It was found, however, that the steamer could not be got ready in time and the Voyage was postponed until 1908. Peary expects to start from a more westerly point when he begins the trip across the polar sea than he did in 1906, thus taking advantage of the movement of the ice in the direction of the pole. The last time this movement carried him out of his course.

THE MIKKELSEN EXPEDITION.

News was received Sept. 7, 1907, from the expedition led by Capt. Einar Mikkelsen, which sailed in the schooner Duchess of Bedford May 21, 1906, to explore the Beaufort sea and adjacent waters. The schooner was wrecked, but all the members of the expedition escaped safely to the ice. Much work was done in the way of taking soundings, but no new discoveries were made.

THE SHACKLETON EXPEDITION.

Lieut. E. H. Shackleton of the British navy started from London July 30, 1907, on an expedition to the antarctic in the steam barkentine Endurance, originally a sealing vessel of 227 tons.

Headquarters will be established on King Edward VII. land and an effort made to reach the south pole in the summer of 1908.

COOK EXPEDITION.

Dr. F. H. Cook, the explorer, was landed in Smith sound, latitude 79 north, in July, 1907, by the schooner yacht John R. Bradley. His intention was to cross Ellesmere land early in the spring of 1908 and make an attempt to reach the north pole by means of dogs and sledges, with which he was well supplied. The expedition, which consists of Dr. Cook, another white man and a number of Eskimos, planned to spend the winter thirty miles farther north than did Peary in 1905-1906.

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Battle at El Caney and San Juan..

.July 1

Cervera's fleet destroyed.

..July 3

Santiago de Cuba surrenders..

.July 17

Peace protocol signed..

.Aug. 12

Surrender of Manila..

Aug. 13

Peace treaty signed in Paris..

..Dec. 12

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Treaty of peace signed.

RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR,

Hostilities begun by Japan..

Petropavlovsk sunk..

Battle of the Yalu..

Battle ship Hatsuse sunk.
Cruiser Yoshino sunk.
Nanshan hill battles..

Dalny captured..
Vafangow battle.
Kaiping captured..
Port Arthur invested.
Newchwang evacuated.
Haicheng evacuated.
Port Arthur naval battle.
Battle of Liaoyang..
Battle of Sha river..
Dogger bank affair.
203 Meter hill captured.
North Keekwan captured.
Ehrlungshan captured.
Sungshushan captured..
Port Arthur surrendered.
Battle of Heikoutai..
Battle of Mukden..
Battle of Sea of Japan.
Roosevelt peace proposal.
Sakhalin captured..

Sept. 1, 1900 March 7, 1992 .May 31, 1902 1904-1905.

.Feb. 8, 1904 .Feb. 10, 1904 April 13, 1904 May 1, 1904 May 15, 1904 .May 15, 1904 May 21-27, 1904 May 30, 1904 .June 14, 1904 ..July 8, 1904 July 20-31, 1904 July 25, 1904 ..Aug. 3, 1904 Aug. 10, 1904

.Aug. 26-Sept. 4, 1904 Oct. 12-19, 1904

.Oct. 22, 1904

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South African Republic annexed. Gen. Methuen captured.

War declared...

Nov. 30, 1904

THE SAGE FOUNDATION.

March 12, 1907, Mrs. Russell Sage of New York announced that she had set aside the sum of $10.000,000 to be known as the Sage foundation and to be devoted to the improvement of the social and living conditions in the United States. As trustees

MRS. RUSSELL SAGE.

she appointed Robert W.
De Forest, Cleveland H.
Dodge, Daniel C. Gil-
man, John M. Glenn,
Miss Helen Gould, Mrs.
William B. Rice and
Miss Louise L. Schuy
ler. Following is a part
of the statement given
out by Mrs. Sage as to
the object of the gift:

"I have set aside $10,-
000,000 for the endow-
ment of this foundation.
Its object is the im-
provement of social and
living conditions in the
United States. The
means to that end will
include research, publi-
cation, education, the
establishment and main-
tenance of charitable
and beneficial activities,
agencies and institutions
and the aid of any such
institutions already estab-

activities, agencies and
lished.
"It will be within the scope of the foundation
to investigate and study the causes of adverse so-
cial conditions, including ignorance, poverty and

RICHARD MANSFIELD'S

Richard Mansfield, the foremost American actor of his time, died at his summer home in New London, Conn., Aug. 30, 1907, at the age of 50. His last appearance was in "The Parisian Romance" at the New Amsterdam theater, New York city, March 23. Following is a list of the principal roles assumed by him, with the time and place of the first production of each play:

Baron Chevrial in "A Parisian Romance," Union Square theater, N. Y., Jan. 10, 1883.

Prince Karl in "Prince Karl," Boston Museum, April 5, 1886.

Dual role in "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde," Boston Museum, July 11, 1886.

Jadot in "Monsieur," Madison Square theater, N. Y., July 11, 1887.

Richard in "King Richard III.," Globe theater, London, March 16, 1889.

Humpy Logan in "Master and Man," Palmer's theater, New York, Feb. 5, 1890.

Beau Brummel in Beau Brummel," Square theater, May 17, 1890.

Madison

Don Juan in "Don Juan," Garden theater, New York, May 18, 1891.

Nero in "Nero," Garden theater, New York, Sept. 21, 1891.

Tittlebat Titmouse in "10,000 a Year," Garden theater, Feb. 23, 1892.

Arthur Dimmesdale in "The Scarlet Letter," Daly's theater, New York, Sept. 12, 1892.

DISTANCE OF VISIBILITY

From "List of Lights and Fog Signals" issued by the United States lighthouse board.

vice, to suggest how these conditions can be remedied or ameliorated and to put in operation any appropriate means to that end.

"It will also be within the scope of the foundation to establish any new agency necessary to carry out any of its conclusions and equally to contribute to the resources of any existing agencies which are doing efficient and satisfactory work, just as the present general education fund, organized to promote higher education, is aiding existing colleges and universities.

"While its scope is broad, it should, preferably. not undertake to do within that scope what is now being done and likely to be effectively done by other individuals or by other agencies with less resources. It will be its aim to take up the larger and more difficult problems and to take them up, so far as possible, in such a manner as to secure co-operation and aid in their solution.

In some instances it may wisely initiate movements with the expectation of having them maintain themselves unaided after once being started. In other instances it may start movements with the expectation of carrying them on itself. The income only will be used for its charitable purposes because the foundation is to be permanent and its action continuous. It may, how ever, make investments for social betterment which themselves produce income.

"While having its headquarters in New York city, where Mr. Sage and I have lived and where social problems are most pressing and complicated, partly by reason of its extent and partly because it is the port of entry for about a million immigrants a year, the foundation will be national in its scope and in its activities."

ROLES AND PLAYS.

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Dick Dudgeon in "The Devil's Disciple," Bleecker hall, Albany, Oct. 14, 1897.

Eugene Courvoisier in "The First Violin," Hollis Street theater, Boston, April 18, 1898.

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Cyrano in "Cyrano de Bergerac,' Garden theater. New York, Oct. 3, 1898.

King Henry in "King Henry V.," Garden theater, New York, Oct. 3, 1900.

Beaucaire in "Monsieur Beaucaire," Garrick theater, Philadelphia, Oct. 7, 1901.

Brutus in Julius Cæsar," Grand opera house, Chicago, October, 1902.

Karl Heinrich in "Old Heidelberg," Lyric theater, New York, October, 1903.

Ivan in "Ivan the Terrible,' New Amsterdam theater, New York, March, 1904.

Don Carlos in "Don Carlos," Grand opera house, Chicago, October, 1905.

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Alceste in "The Misanthrope,' New York, December, 1905.

Peer Gynt in "Peer Gynt," Grand opera house, Chicago, Oct. 29, 1906.

OF OBJECTS ON THE LAKES.

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2.96

70

11.07

250

20.92

60
65

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1,000

41.83

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