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terms expire. Three are elected every other year. Next election Nov. 3, 1908. Next president to be elected in 1910. Twenty-seven judges, one chief justice, one clerk

and one bailiff of the Municipal court as terms expire. Nine judges will be elected Nov. 3, 1908, nine in 1910 and nine in 1912. The next chief justice will be elected in 1912.

NATIONAL NOMINATING CONVENTIONS SINCE 1880.

Place and date of each and names of nominees for president and vice-president in the order named: 1880-Democratic: Cincinnati, O., June 22-24;

Winfield S. Hancock and William H. English. Republican: Chicago, Ill., June 2-8; James A. Garfield and Chester A. Arthur.

Greenback: Chicago, Ill., June 9-11; James B. Weaver and B. J. Chambers.

Prohibition: Cleveland, O., June 17; Neal Dow and A. M. Thompson.

1884-Democratic: Chicago, Ill., July 8-11; Grover
Cleveland and Thomas A. Hendricks.
Republican: Chicago, Ill., June 3-6; James G.
Blaine and John A. Logan,

Greenback: Indianapolis, Ind., May 28-29; Ben-
jamin F. Butler and Alanson M. West.
American Prohibition: Chicago, Ill., June 19;
Samuel C. Pomeroy and John A. Conant.
National Prohibition: Pittsburg, Pa., July 23;
John P. St. John and William Daniel.
Anti-Monopoly: Chicago, Ill., May 14; Benja-
min F. Butler and Alanson M. West.
Equal Rights: San Francisco, Cal., Sept. 20;
Mrs. Belva A. Lockwood and Mrs. Marietta L.
Stow.

1888-Democratic: St. Louis, Mo., June 5; Grover Cleveland and Allen G. Thurman.

Republican: Chicago, Ill., June 19; Benjamin Harrison and Levi P. Morton.

Prohibition: Indianapolis, Ind., May 20; Clinton B. Fisk and John A. Brocks.

Union Labor: Cincinnati, O., May 15; Alson J. Streeter and Samuel Evans.

United Labor: Cincinnati, O.. May 15; Robert H. Cowdrey and W. H. T. Wakefield.

American: Washington, D. C., Aug. 14; James L. Curtis and James R. Greer.

Equal Rights: Des Moines, Iowa, May 15; Mrs. Belva A. Lockwood and Alfred H. Love. 1892-Democratic: Chicago, Ill., June 21; Grover Cleveland and Adlai E. Stevenson.

Republican: Minneapolis, Minn., June 7-10; Benjamin Harrison and Whitelaw Reid. Prohibition: Cincinnati, O., June 29; John Bidwell and J. B. Cranfill.

National People's: Omaha, Neb.. July 2-5; James B. Weaver and James G. Field. Socialist-Labor: New York, N. Y., Aug. 28; Simon Wing and Charles H. Matchett. 1896-Democratic.. Chicago, Ill., July 7; William J. Bryan and Arthur Sewall. Republican: St. Louis, Mo.. June 16; William McKinley and Garret A. Hobart.

People's Party: St. Louis, Mo., July 22; Wil-
iam J. Bryan and Thomas E. Watson.
Silver Party: St. Louis, Mo., July 22; William
J. Bryan and Arthur Sewall.
National Democratic:

Indianapolis, Ind., Sept.

2; John M. Palmer and Simon B. Buckner. Prohibition: Pittsburg, Pa., May 27; Joshua Levering and Hale Johnson.

National Party: Pittsburg, Pa., May 28; Charles
E. Bentley and James H. Southgate.
Socialist-Labor: New

York, N. Y., July 6; Charles H. Matchett and Matthew Maguire. 1900-Democratic: Kansas City, Mo., July 4-6; William J. Bryan and Adlai E. Stevenson. Republican: Philadelphia, Pa., June 19-21; William McKinley and Theodore Rooosevelt. People's Party: Sioux Falls, S. D., May 9-10; William J. Bryan and Adlai E. Stevenson. People's Party (Middle-of-the-Road): Cincinnati, O., May 9-10; Wharton Barker and Ignatius Donnelly.

Silver Republican: Kansas City, Mo., July 4-6:
William J. Bryan and Adlai E. Stevenson.
Prohibition: Chicago, Ill., June 27-28; John G.
Woolley and Henry B. Metcalf.
Socialist-Labor: New York, N. Y., June 2-8;
Joseph P. Malloney and Valentine Remmel.
Social Democratic Party of the United States:
Rochester, N. Y., Jan 27; Job Harriman and
Max S. Hayes

Social Democratic Party of America: Indianapolis, Ind., March 6; Eugene V. Debs and Job Harriman.

Union Reform: Baltimore, Md., Sept. 3; Seth W. Ellis and Samuel T. Nicholson. 1904-Democratic: St. Louis, Mo., July 6-9; Alton B. Parker and Henry G. Davis. Republican: Chicago, Ill., June 21-23; Theodore Roosevelt and Charles W. Fairbanks. People's party: Springfield, Ill.. July 4-6; Thomas E. Watson and Thomas H. Tibbles. Prohibition: Indianapolis, Ind., June 29-July 1; Silas C. Swallow and George W. Carroll. Socialist-Labor: New York, N. Y., July 3-9; Charles H. Corregan and William W. Cox. Socialist-Democratic Party of America: Chicago, Ill., May 1-6; Eugene V. Debs and Benjamin Hanford.

Continental: Chicago, Ill., Aug. 31; Charles H. Howard and George H. Shibley. (Nominees declined and Austin Holcomb and A. King were substituted by the national committee.)

INLAND WATERWAYS COMMISSION.

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In a letter addressed to the members of the commission President Roosevelt declares that the time has come for merging local projects and uses of the inland waters in a comprehensive plan designed for the benefit of the entire country. The railroads, he asserts, are no longer able to move the crops and manufactures rapidly enough to secure the prompt transaction of the business of the nation, and there appears to be but one complete remedy-the development of a complementary system of transportation hy water. The president's letter continues:

"The present congestion affects chiefly the people of the Mississippi valley, and they demand relief. When the congestion of which they complain

is relieved the whole nation will share the good results.

"Any plan for utilizing our inland waterways should consider floods and their control by forests and other means; the protection of bottomlands from injury by overflows and uplands from loss by soil wash; the physics of sediment-charged waters and the physical or other ways of purifying them; the construction of dams and locks, not only to facilitate navigation but to control the character and movement of the waters, and should look to the full use and control of our running waters and the complete artificialization of our waterways for the benefit of our people as a whole.

"It is not possible properly to frame so large a plan as this for the control of our rivers without taking account of the orderly development of other natural resources. Therefore, I ask that the inlandwaterways commission shall consider the relations of the streams to the use of all the great permanent natural resources and their conservation for the making and maintenance of prosperous homes.'

NATIONAL PLATFORMS OF 1904.

Following are summaries of the principal fea tures of the national party platforms adopted in 1904. The full texts will be found in The Daily News Almanac and Year-Book for 1905, beginning on page 126.

REPUBLICAN.-The platform advocates the principle of protection and reciprocity, the maintenance of the gold standard, the encouragement of the merchant marine, the upbuilding of the navy, the exclusion of Chinese labor, honest enforcement of the civil-service law, liberal administration of the pension laws, arbitration, the protection of American citizens abroad, the reduction of representation in congress and the electoral college of states in which the elective franchise is unconstitutionally limited, and the control of combinations of capital and labor. The declaration in regard to protection is: "We insist upon the maintenance of the principles of protection and therefore rates of duty should be readjusted only when conditions have so changed that the public interest demands their alteration. But this work cannot be safely committed to any other hands than those of the republican party.

DEMOCRATIC.-The enactment of laws giving labor and capital impartially their just rights, trial by jury for indirect contempt, liberal appropriations for the improvement of waterways, reducticns in the expenditures of the government, honesty in the public service and the preservation of the "open door" for commerce in the orient are favored. The platform declares against imperialism and the retention of the Philippines, denounces protection as a robbery of the many for the enrichment of the few, and favors the revision and general reduction of the tariff by the friends of the masses and for the common weal and not by the friends of its abuses. Trusts and combinations are denounced as a menace to beneficial competition and rebates and discriminations by transportation companies are declared to be the most potent agency in promoting and strengthening unlawful conspiracies against trade. Demands of the platform include: Election of United States senators by a direct vote of the people; the admission to statehood of Oklahoma, Indian Territory, Arizona and New Mexico; the extermination of polygamy; the defeat of.the ship-subsidy bill; the maintenance of the Monroe doctrine; the reduction of the army and army expenditures; the enforcement of the civil-service laws, and the defeat of the attempt to revive race prejudices.

SOCIALIST.-The platform pledges the party to work and vote for shortened days of labor and increased wages; for the insurance of workers against sickness, accident and lack of employment; for pensions for aged and exhausted workers; for public ownership of the means of transportation, communication and exchange; for the graduated taxation of incomes, inheritances and of franchise and land values; for equal suffrage of men and women; for the prevention of the use of military against labor in the settlement of strikes; for the free administration of justice; for the initiative, referendum and proportional representation, and for the recall of officers by their constituents. These things, it is declared, are but a preparation of the workers to seize the whole powers of government in order that they may thereby lay hold of the whole system of industry and thus come into their rightful inheritance. PROHIBITIONIST.-The platform pledges the party, whenever given the power by the suffrage of the people, to the enactment and enforcement of laws prohibiting and abolishing the manufacture, importation, transportation and sale of alcoholic beverages and favors a rigid application of the principles of justice to all combinations of capital and labor, international arbitration, reform of divorce laws, the final extirpation of polygamy and the overthrow of the system of illegal sanction of the social evil.

POPULIST.-It is demanded that all money shall be issued by the government in such quantities as shall maintain a stability in prices, every dollar to be a full legal tender; that postal banks be established; that the right of labor to organize shall not be interfered with; that laws be passed to abolish child labor and suppress convict labor and sweatshops, and that the government shall Own the railroads and telegraph and telephone systems. The eight-hour day is favored and legal provision under which the people may exercise the initiative, referendum and proportional representation and direct vote for all public officers with right to recall are urged.

SOCIALIST-LABOR.-The platform urges that a summary end be put to the existing class conflict by placing the land and all the means of production, transportation and distribution into the hands of the people as a collective body and substituting the co-operative commonwealth for the present planless production, industrial war and social disorder.

PLATFORM UTTERANCES IN 1907.

But few state conventions were held in 1907, and some of the platforms adopted at these confined themselves chiedy to local issues. Massachusetts republicans reaffirmed their belief in the principles of protection to American industries and American labor, but they also commended for adoption by the next national republican convention a resolution calling the congress to meet in special session to determine upon amendments to the present tariff law or the enactment of a new measure to meet changed conditions, to remove duties needless either for revenues or protection and make such modifications as experience may have shown to be necessary. The re-establishment of the American merchant marine was also urged.

The Whitney faction democratic convention in Massachusetts advocated reciprocity and condemned the Dingley tariff.

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THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OF 1908,

Presidential electors will be voted for in each state of the union Nov. 3, 1908. The electors so chosen will subsequently meet in their respective states, cast their ballots for president and also for vice-president of the United States, make lists of the persons voted for, with the number of votes cast for each, sign and certify the lists and then transmit them, sealed, to the president

of the senate in Washington. The president of the senate, in the presence of the senate and house of representatives, opens all the certificates, the votes are then counted and the result declared. If no candidate for president has a majority, then the house of representatives elects one of the three having the largest number of electoral votes, each state casting one vote. The

same is done in the case of the vice-president except that one of the two candidates having the largest number of electoral votes is chosen.

The total number of electoral votes in 1908 being 483, the winning candidate must have 242.

In the republican state conventions held in 1907 the policies of President Roosevelt were indorsed and similar action was taken by a number of legislatures controlled by republicans. Democratic conventions generally indorsed the policies of Wil

liam J. Bryan, and it was generally assumed that he would be the candidate of the democratic party in 1908 for president. Republican leaders urged for the presidency either by state conventions or political organizations included William H. Taft. Charles W. Fairbanks. Charles E. Hughes, Elihu Root, Joseph G. Cannon, Albert B. Cummins, Philander C. Knox, George P. Wetmore and Robert M. LaFollette.

CHIEF POLITICAL EVENTS OF 1907.

Jan. 7-George B. Cortelyou announced his retirement as chairman of the republican national committee; Harry S. New acting chairman. Jan. 15-United States senators elected as follows: Harry A. Richardson, rep., Delaware; W. M. Crane, rep.. Massachusetts; W. P. Frye, rep., Maine; Joseph M. Dixon, rep., Montana; Norris Brown, rep., Nebraska; Simon Guggenheim, rep., Colorado; William E. Borah, rep., Idaho.

Jan. 16-United States senators elected: Henry E. Burnham, rep., New Hampshire; William A. Smith, rep.. Michigan.

Jan. 22-United States senators elected: Robert L. Taylor, dem., Tennessee; Frederick W. Mulkley, rep., and Jonathan Bourne, Jr., rep., Oregon; Benjamin R. Tillman, dem.. South Carolina; Jonathan P. Dolliver, rep., Iowa; Edmund W. Pettus, dem., and John T. Morgan, dem., Alabama.

Jan. 23-United States senators elected: Stephen B. Elkins, rep., West Virginia; Joseph W. Bailey, dem., Texas; Shelby M. Cullom, rep., Illinois; Robert J. Gamble, rep., South Dakota; Knute Nelson, rep., Minnesota; F. M. Simmons, dem., North Carolina; Francis E. Warren, rep., Wyoming; Charles Curtis, rep., Kansas. Jan. 30-Jeff Davis, dem., elected United States senator in Arkansas.

Feb. 5-Frank O. Briggs, rep., elected United States senator in New Jersey.

Feb. 3-United States Senator John C. Spooner resigned.

March 5-Regis H. Post appointed governor of Porto Rico.

April 1-Minor state officials elected in Michigan; republicans successful.

April 2-Fred A. Busse elected mayor of Chicago. April 2-D. E. Cornell, rep., elected mayor of Kansas City, Mo.

April 9-Minnesota house of representatives passed resolution recommending nomination of PresidentRoosevelt to succeed himself.

April 10-President Roosevelt's administration indorsed by Connecticut house of representatives. April 13-Call for national convention of the United Christian party issued.

April 18-George Curry, dem., appointed governor of New Mexico.

April 23-Rhode Island legislature adjourned without electing a successor to United States Senator Wetmore.

May 7-Barry Mahool, dem., elected mayor of Baltimore.

May 8-Chairman Brown of Ohio republican state central committee declared for William H. Taft for president and W. B. Foraker for senator. May 17-Isaac Stephenson, rep., elected United States senator in Wisconsin.

May 27-Michigan state senate passed resolution asking that President Roosevelt be elected for a second elective term.

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June 5-Persons in classified civil service prohibited by President Roosevelt from taking active part in politics. June 6-Pennsvivania republican state convention held; John O. Sheatz nominated for treasurer and Philander C. Knox indorsed for president. June 17-John H. Bankhead, dem.. appointed United States senator by governor of Alabama to succeed John T. Morgan, deceased. (Formally elected by legislature July 16.)

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July 9-A. O. Bacon elected United States senator by Georgia legislature.

July 12-Announcement made of Robert M. La-
Follette's candidacy for president of the United
States.

July 16--Dr. Edward R. Taylor elected mayor of
San Francisco by board of supervisors.
July 30-Prohibition bill passed by Georgia legis-
lature.

July 30-Members of first Philippine assembly elected; nationalists win.

Aug. 1-Oklahoma republican convention held; Frank Frantz nominated for governor.

Aug. 2-Mississippi primary elections held; John Sharp Williams nominated for United States senator and Edmond F. Noel for governor.

Aug. 8-Maryland state democratic convention hold; Austin O. Crothers nominated for governor. Aug. 8-California primary election law sustained by state Supreme court.

Aug.

14-Maryland republican state convention held; George R. Gaither nominated for governor. Aug. 19-Speech made by William H. Taft at Columbus, O., on relations of the government to railroads and industrial corporations.

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Aug. 20-Policy of the government toward lawbreakers defined by President Roosevelt speech at Provincetown, Mass.

Aug. 22-Race question dealt with in speech by Secretary Taft at Lexington, Ky.

Aug. 24-Secretary Taft in speech in Oklahoma attacked the proposed state constitution.

Sept. 17-Election held in Oklahoma; democratic state ticket elected, constitution indorsed and state-wide prohibition adopted.

Sept. 17-Special charter election held in Chicago; charter defeated.

Sept. 17-New Jersey democratic state convention held; Frank S. Katzenbach nominated for gov

ernor.

Sept. 19-New Jersey republican state convention held; J. Franklin Fort nominated for governor. Sept. 24-State platform conventions held by republicans, democrats and populists in Nebraska. Sept. 27-William R. Hearst and friends decided forin national party out of Independence league.

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Oct. 5-Republican and democratic state conventions held in Massachusetts. Curtis Guild, Jr., renominated for governor by republicans; demo cratic convention split, one faction nominating Henry M. Whitney and the other Charles W. Bartlett for governor.

Oct. 8-Rhode Island democratic state convention held; James H. Higgins nominated for governor. Oct. 10-Rhode Island republican convention held; Frederick H. Jackson nominated for governor. Nov. 5-State elections held in Rhode Island. Maryland, Massachusetts. New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Kentucky and Mississippi. (For results see election returns.)

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Switzerland

Venezuela

Total

PRODUCT OF GOLD AND SILVER IN THE UNITED STATES (1792-1906).
[For 1792-1873 is by R. W. Raymond, commissioner, and since by the director of the mint.]

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1851-1860.

551.000.000

300,000 103,336,769 1899.. 1.100,000 552.100,000 1900.

1861-1870.

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Turkey

1,605,874

49,044

386,000

308,800

7,730,656

687,314

386,000

579,000

$245,954,248 $103,880,205

35.955.000

39.500.000

77.576.000 113,531.000 1906.
64.000.000 103.500.000

76,069,000 129.157.000

57.363,000 69.637.000 127,000.000 64,463,000 70,384.000 134.847.000 71.053.000 70,806.000 141,859,000 79.171,000 74,533.000 153,704,000 78,667,000 71,388.000 150.055.000 80,000,000 71,758.000 151,758,000

73,591,700

70,206.000 143,797.700

80,464,700

57,682.800 138.147,500

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88,180,700 34,222.000 122.402.700

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PRODUCT OF GOLD AND SILVER BY STATES AND TERRITORIES.

Approximate distribution, by producing states and territories, for the calendar year 1905 as estimated by the director of the mint.

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Highest, lowest and average price of bar silver per ounce British standard (.925) since 1869 and the equiv alent in United States gold coin of an ounce 1,000 fine, taken at the average price.

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