238

Swelling aloud in every breeze, and heard
Long in the sullen waterfall,-what time
Soft Spring or hoary Autumn threw on earth

the simplicity of the times of which they
treat, and enriched with valuable ex-

NEW WORK OF MADAME DE GENLIS.

Its bloom or blighting,--when the Summer smiled, planatory notes. This collection will form volume on the employment of time, which,

Or Winter o'er the year's sepulchre mourned.
The Deity was there!-a nameless spirit
Moved in the breasts of men to do him homage;
And when the morning smiled, or evening pale
Hung weeping o'er the melancholy urn,
They came beneath the broad o'erarching trees,
And in their tremulous shadow worshiped oft,
Where pale the vine clung round their simple
altars,

And gray moss mantling hung. Above was heard
The melody of winds, breathed out as the green

trees

Bowed to their quivering touch in living beauty,

thirty volumes.

The second is that of M.
Petitot, which includes the memoirs from
the thirteenth century to the middle of the
eighteenth. Many of these are inedited.
These two collections are followed by a
third, consisting of M. Buchon's edition of
the chronicles of Froissart, Monstrelet, the

great chronicles of the Abbey of St Denis,
and the memoirs of Duplessis Mornay, mak-
ing, in all, sixty volumes. These three
collections include the whole of the origi-

Madame de Genlis has written a large however, treats of almost every thing ex

cept the employment of time. Of the twenty-six chapters composing it, nine are upon testaments, duty, vice and virtue, false glory, prejudices, literary glory, sensibility, and egotism: eight other chapters are employed on modern civilization; they are a long tirade against the present age, against modern inventions, and modern philosophers. Whether in thus waging a bellum ad internecionem against Diderot, Rous

And birds sang forth their cheerful hymns. Below, nal history of ancient France. The fourth seau, Voltaire, &c. Madame de Genlis is

The bright and widely wandering rivulet
Struggled and gushed amongst the tangled roots,
That choked its reedy fountain-and dark rocks
Worn smooth by the constant current. Even there

The listless wave, that stole with mellow voice

collection, consisting of memoirs relative
to the French revolution; proceeds with
rapidity, and will undoubtedly furnish the fu-
ture historian with most valuable materials.

making good use of time, is a question that
The reader, of
may be properly asked.
course, needs not be told, that in a work of
this writer there are parts that give evi-

Where reeds grew rank on the rushy-fringed brink. The latest that have appeared are those of dence of superior talent, and prove that her

And the green sedge bent to the wandering wind,
Sang with a cheerful song of sweet tranquillity.
Men felt the heavenly influence-and it stole
Like balm into their hearts, till all was peace;
And even the air they breathed, the light they

saw,

Became religion,-for the etherial spirit
That to soft music wakes the chords of feeling,
And mellows every thing to beauty,-moved
With cheering energy within their breasts,
And made all holy there-for all was love.
The morning stars, that sweetly sang together-
The moon, that hung at night in the mid-sky-
Dayspring--and eventide-and all the fair"
And beautiful forms of nature, had a voice
Of eloquent worship. Ocean with its tides
Swelling and deep, where low the infant storni
Hung on his dun, dark cloud, and heavily beat
The pulses of the sea,-sent forth a voice
Of awful adoration to the spirit,
That, wrapt in darkness, moved upon its face.
And when the bow of evening arched the east,
Or, in the moonlight pale, the curling wave
Kissed with a sweet embrace the sea-worn beach,
And soft the song of winds came o'er the waters,
The mingled melody of wind and wave
Touched like a heavenly anthem on the ear;
For it arose a tuneful hymn of worship.
And have our hearts grown cold? Are there on
earth

No pure reflections caught from heavenly light?-
Have our mute lips no hymn-our souls no song ?--
Let him that in the summer-day of youth
Keeps pure the holy fount of youthful feeling,--
And him that in the nightfall of his years
Lies down in his last sleep, and shuts in peace
His dim pale eyes on life's short wayfaring,
Praise Him, that rules the destiny of man.
Sunday Evening, October, 1824.

H. W. L.

Thibaudeau, who, having held important style has not lost any thing of its elegance
political situations under all the govern- or correctness. Such is the chapter on old
ments, had opportunities of observation un-
age, which she ingeniously compares, “to
der the Convention, the Directory, the the end of a great harvest in threatening
Consulate, and the Empire, which are cal-weather, when we hasten to bring under
culated to make his memoirs very interest- cover all that we have gathered; every
ing. Two volumes are published. The moment is precious; we are unwilling to
memoirs of Condorcet, extracted from his
lose a single one."
correspondence, and that of his friends,
have been announced, but are disavowed
by his family. Madame de Genlis has ad-
vertised six volumes in 12mo of her own life.
The fifth collection contains historical me-
moirs of the English revolution; among
which have been published the Memoirs of
Lord Clarendon, the Journal of his son, and
Burnet's History of his own times.

Besides these and other extensive works which indicate the prevailing tendency of French literature, numerous miniature histories, in one or two volumes, are published; among the latest of which are those of Germany, of the United States of North America, and of Poland. Two volumes have just issued from the press, under the title of "Memoirs of Louis Jerome Gohier, President of the Directory on the 18th Brumaire." This work is said to contain new facts, though in no great number, and to be well written. These memoirs continually refute the memorial of Las Casas, and other late publications on Buonaparte, whence it is inferred that the author, an old man of seventy-seven, has had some assistance in the composition of his work. " The book is quite republican," says a royalist writer, "yet the effect is not bad; because if the author defends the directorial government of the French republic, one and indivisible; on the other hand he victoriFrench literature seems to be principal-ously combats the usurpation of Buonaparte, ly directed, at the present time, to histori- his pretended election to the imperial cal productions, of which great numbers throne, his violent and tyrannical govern are constantly issuing from the French ment, his council of state, and his servile press. There are, at this time, five distinct historical collections publishing simultaneously at Paris. The first, directed by the care of M. Guizot, embraces the first eight centuries of the French monarchy from Clovis to St Louis. The first eight volumes of this collection are published, faithfully translated from the barbarous Latin into French, which is suitable to

INTELLIGENCE.

TENDENCY OF FRENCH LITERATURE.

tribunals. He does not declaim, but he
proves; and his proofs are the more per-
suasive, as he at the same time does justice
to the genius and military talents of him
whom he assails; and notwithstanding the
expression of his republican sentiments, he
not only refrains from any seditious insinu-
ation, but shows himself moderate, and even
favourable to the government of the king."

GEOGRAPHY OF NEW SOUTH WALES.

Several important discoveries have been lately made in the geography of New South Wales. But the most interesting is the discovery, by Mr Oxley, an officer attached to the government, of a large river, called the Brisbane, which discharges its waters into Moreton Bay, four hundred miles to the northward of Port Jackson. This valuable discovery was only made in December last, in the course of a survey of Moreton Bay, with a view to form a convict penal establishment there. The river flows through a rich country, and is navigable for twenty miles for vessels of considerable burden, if not drawing more than sixteen feet of water. From this distance the water is perfectly fresh. Mr Oxley proceeded thirty miles further up the river, without finding any diminution in either the breadth or the depth of it, except that in one place, to the extent of thirty yards, a ridge of detached rocks stretches across, having not more than twelve feet at high water; and he obtained from a hill a view of its apparent course for thirty or forty miles further. As far as Mr Oxley went, the tide rose four feet six inches. It was impossible to pursue the investigation then from sickness, heat of weather, and shortness of provisions; but he was to renew his survey early in the autumn. The country was level all round, from south to northwest, in the apparent southwest course of the river; from which circumstance, and the slowness of the current, Mr. Oxley was led to conclude, that the river will be found navigable for vessels of burthen to a much greater distance, probably not less than fifty miles. There was no appearance of its being flooded; and from the nature of the country and other circumstances, he does not think that the sources of the river will

be found in a mountainous region, but rather that it flows from some, lake, which will prove to be the receptacle of those interior streams to the northwest, crossed by him during his land expedition in 1818. Many conjectures have been hazarded with regard to the ultimate sources of this river; but whatever be its origin, it is certainly the largest fresh water river hitherto discovered in New South Wales, and promises to be of the utmost importance to the colony, as it affords water communication with the sea, to a vast extent of country, a great portion of which appeared to Mr Oxley capable of raising the richest productions of the tropics.

PROFESSOR GURNEY'S IMPROVEMENT OF
HARE'S BLOWPIPE.

in its details, as no mention is made either of the size or materials of the boxes employed; and there is reason to believe that a certain portion of air was present in them. Dr Edwards, in order to guard against this objection, took boxes about four inches square, and having put some plaster in the bottom, placed the toads in them, and, surrounding them on all sides with plaster, shut and secured the boxes. The circumstance to be ascertained, was, whether those reptiles which were deprived of air by the contact of a solid body, or those by immersion in water, would survive longest; and it is sufficient, at present, to remark, that they lived much longer in the plaster than in water. A fact sufficiently remarkable, but what appears more extraordinary still, is, that they lived longer when Professor Gurney, of London, has made enclosed in a solid body, than in air. Four an additional improvement upon the cele- frogs were contained in a dry jug, and an brated blowpipe of Dr Hare, and has appa- equal number were placed in dry sand; the rently made this most potent agent quite third day, all those confined in air, were safe, both to the operator and the spectators, dead, except one, while all those enclosed which was very far from being the case, in sand were alive, except one; from which even after the improvements of Dr Clarke, it would appear, not merely that these rep, and others. For, notwithstanding the re-tiles can live when surrounded by solid duction of the jet to the smallest possible bodies, but that placing them in this situadiameter, and the interposition of screens of tion is a means of prolonging their existwire-gauze, explosions would sometimes ence; a conclusion which is in accordance take place where the oxygen and hydrogen with those well authenticated narratives of gases were employed in a mixed state. animals of this class having been found in Professor Gurney, therefore, has construct- the centre of solid masses, where they must ed his gas magazine, not of iron or copper, have been enclosed during periods, concernwhose fragments, in the event of an explo- ing the duration of which, it would be in sion, were the chief cause of mischief, but vain for us to indulge in conjecture. of a bladder, or bag of varnished silk, pressThat the sand employed in the last mened upon by a pasteboard cover, as lightly tioned experiment contained air, is obvious; constructed as the requisite pressure will and that the plaster was pervious to air, Dr permit, and connected only by strings for Edwards proves by a very satisfactory exeffecting the pressure, by drawing down the periment. But, as it might be said, that cover upon the solid parts of the apparatus although some air passed through the plasbeneath. From this flexible magazine the ter, yet enough to sustain life could not be gas passes through a pipe, not immediately supposed to find its way through so dense a to the jet, but into a small strong safety body, toads and salamanders chamber, the lower part of which contains closed as before, and the boxes buried in wawater, only partly filling it, and its top is ter and quicksilver; they now died as soon only closed by a good cork; the last men- as when merely immersed without any covtioned pipe being bent down, so as to delivering. It would thus appear, that the fact of er its gas beneath the water's surface, and these reptiles living in solid bodies, is not an from above the water, another small pipe, in. exception to the general law, which regards tercepted by a succession of small wire-gauze air as necessary to the support of animal screens, conducts the mixed gas to the jet. life. The fact of their surviving longer in Hitherto no accident has attended the fre- plaster or sand, than in air, seems to depend quent use of this simple apparatus, nor does upon the waste by evaporation being thus there appear to be any source of danger lessened, it having been found by statical which is not guarded against. experiments, that, cæteris paribus, a frog confined in air becomes emaciated and

EXPERIMENTS ON THE RESPIRATION OF
REPTILES.

Dr Edwards, in a late work on the influence of physical agents upon animal bodies, has related some curious experiments, which tend to afford some explanation of the singular fact of certain animals, particularly toads, remaining alive for indefinite periods, although enclosed in solid bodies. In an experiment performed by Herissant, three toads were enclosed in boxes sealed with planter, two of which were found alive at the end of eighteen months. The account of this experiment is not very satisfactory

were en

shrivelled with much greater rapidity than
when surrounded by solid materials; the
rationale of which is too obvious to require
explanation.

a

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224

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mighty rivers and inland seas, which intersect our country with a magnificence and grandeur undence that restless and destroying man had early known in any other region of the globe, gave evitracked the untilled soil with steps of blood, and awakened the startled echoes of this new world, with the discord of his mad ambition.

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1 vol.

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1 vol.

tain many rich morsels and delicacies of
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LATELY PUBLISHED

Villages and towns now rise on the site of those forests which, forty-five years since, witnessed the fierce encounters of two adverse armies; and

future patriots and statesmen occupy the spot, where the cruel savage immolated his unfortunate captive, or performed the superstitious rites of his untutored worship. The frowning wilderness has become the scene of gaiety and splendor, where the bloom and brightness of beauty, the enchanting vagaries of fashion, and the luxurious refinements of wealth unite their witching influence; where the graceful dance, the ravishments of music, and every varying pleasure which invention can devise, conspire to charm away the hours of the gay and idle throng, who annually resort to taste the far famed waters of Saratoga. Nor can the foot of the American press the soil, mingled, as it is, with the dust of the great and the brave, without a thrill of national pride, as he recalls the events of the year so glorious in the annals of his country, and which have shed a tinge of romantic, we had almost said of classic interest over the wild scenery of the north." See Vol. I. pp. 134-5.

ART. XV.-On Rock Formations, by Baron Hum-
boldt.

ART. XVI.-Transactions of the Royal Society of
Edinburgh, Vol. X.
ART. XVII.Notice of the Attempts to reach the
Sea by Mackenzie's River, &c.
ART. XVIII.-Account of part of a Journey
through the Himalaya Mountains, by Messrs
A. & P. Gerard.
ART. XIX.-Observations upon some of the Min-
erals discovered at Franklin, Sussex Co. New
Jersey.
ART. XX.-Account of the Earthquake which oc-
curred in Sicily, by Prof. Ferrara.
ART. XXI.--Remarks on Solar Light and Heat,
by Baden Powell, M. A. &c.

ART. XXII.-Of Poisons, chemically, physiologic
ally, and pathologically considered.
ART. XXIII.-Notice of some Parts of the Work
of M. Charles Dupin, on the Navy and Com-
merce of Great Britain.

BY CUMMINGS, HILLIARD, & Co. and for
sale at their Bookstore, No. 1. Cornhill,
Boston, “Saratoga, a Tale of the Revolu-
tion." The portion of American History
with which this Tale is interwoven is that
of the Northern Campaign of 1777, which
terminated in the surrender of General
Burgoyne's army to General Gates. The
following extract is a fair sample of the au-
GENERAL INTELLIGENCE.
thor's manner of writing, and will serve, it
Comet of 1823.-Cabinet of Minerals at Cam-
is hoped, to bring into more general notice
a work, which, in the popular style of ro-bridge.-American Geological Society.-Perkins'
mance, recapitulates a series of events Steam Engine.--Method of Cleaning Gold Trinkets,
highly interesting to every citizen of the and of Preserving engraved Copper-Plates.--Height
of Mount Rosa.-New Vesuvian Minerals.-Seal
United States.
and Walrus.-Obituary.

That part of New York which in the year 1777 was the scene of contest between the two experienced Generals, Burgoyne and Gates, exhibited at that period few marks of cultivation or improvement, except such as might be occasionally observed around the log hut of some enterprizing settler, who had De Lolme on the Constitution of England. ventured to invade the solitary wilderness. The remains of several forts also on the borders of those.

1 vol.

12 vols.

CAMBRIDGE:

PRINTED AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS,

BY

HILLIARD AND METCALF.

THE UNITED STATES LITERARY GAZETTE.

Published on the first and fifteenth day of every month, by Cummings, Hilliard, & Co. No. 1 Cornhill, Boston.Terms, $5 per annum, payable in July. VOL. I.

REVIEWS.

Reminiscences of Charles Butler, Esq. of Lincoln's Inn. With a Letter to a Lady on Ancient and Modern Music. From the fourth London edition. New York. 1824. 12mo. pp. 351.

BOSTON, NOVEMBER 15, 1824.

er the sudden transition from the walls of this holy
retirement, into the allurements of pleasure, which
every youth must encounter, the instant he steps
into the world, is not likely to make him rush into
the opposite extreme of indulgence and dissipa-
tion; whether the strict state of coercion, in which
these students were educated, did not tend to break
their spirit;-whether their imaginations were not
too much subdued by the awful view of the eternal
years thus incessantly presented to them ;—wheth-
er more of the world's morality ought not to be
word, whether the general effect of the system was
taught to all, who are to live in the world,-in one
not calculated to produce a feebleness of mind and
soul, that would shrink from contention, and give
the palm to the less religious, but bolder adven-

turer,

A MAN, who has spent more than half a
century in literary and forensic pursuits in
a metropolis, and that the metropolis of the
British empire, must be a very dull one, if
his reminiscences are not interesting. We
took up this work, therefore, with the reas-
onable expectation of deriving much en-
tertainment; and the rather as we per-
"Vincentem strepitus, et natum rebus agendis."
ceived by the title-page that it had passed
'But, what is the end of our being?" asked a
through four editions in England. We have priest, to whom, for the sake of obtaining his an
not been disappointed. It has afforded us swer, the Reminiscent retailed these objections:
an agreeable, and what is important to such Is it, what is usually termed, to succeed in life?
gormandizers of new books, as we of the to deserve the praise of elegance? to obtain re-
periodical pen are apt to become, a long done better than by protracting innocence as long
nown? Is it not to save one's soul? Can this be
intellectual repast. The author of this as possible? What can compensate its early loss?
work is known to theologians by his Hora-You say that all this purity will shrink at the
Biblicæ, an account of the New Testa- first touch of the world. Be it so; but the victim
ment, its various readings and literary his- will then only be in the situation in which he
tory; to lawyers, by his Juridical Essays, if he had been educated in a dissipated school.
would, in all probability, have been much sooner,
but more especially by his valuable contin- Besides,-is it certain that this will be the case?
uation of Hargrave's edition of Coke on Lit- Does experience show that the habits of years are
tleton; and to politicians, by his exertions so soon overcome?-Admit however that it unfor-
and writings in favour of Catholic emanci-tunately happens,-who is most likely to experi-
pation. The temper of the man may be
learned from the concluding observation of
his preface.

No. 15.

nothing but that experience, which they
cannot have, is able to impress upon them
the folly and criminality, and we are bound
by a regard for their true happiness, which
is but another name for virtue, to shield
them from the whips, which are hereafter
to scourge them. The protecting power
must at last be withdrawn, it is true; but it
will be replaced by a regard to character,
tue would so often faint. We say nothing of
and the thousand helps, without which vir-
religious principle, which rarely takes root
at any other season than the spring time of
life. We wish that, in one other particular,

some of our universities resembled more
nearly that of Douay-we mean in cheap-
ness. "The instruction," says Mr Butler,
"the dress, the board, the pocket-money,
the ornamental accomplishments of music,
dancing, and fencing, every thing except
yearly sum of £30.”
physic, [!] was defrayed by the moderate

In the mean time there was no danger of any loss of the national feelings of the English boys, since "the salutary and incontroday, beat two Frenchmen, was as firmly vertible truth that one Englishman can, any believed, and as ably demonstrated at Douay and St Omers, as it could be at Eton or Winchester."

Among the Reminiscences of Classical Studies and English Literature we find some interesting materials for the history of mind. "It was not till the subtle thief of youth' had stolen all his early years, that

ence salutary compunction? and, when sober
years, the retour de l'âge, as the French describe
this period of life, shall come on, who is most like-
ly to return to religion and regularity,-he, whose
youthful years were strict and pious, or he, to
that this sequestered education and these submis-
sive habits disqualify for active life: but don't they wonders and charms with which the pages
teach obedience, teach modesty, teach duty of the bard of Avon abound." Again,-
Now, what is the rank, what the pursuit, for which" Age, he believes, makes us fastidious in
these do not eminently qualify?
poetry, and feel much more than we do in
youth the truth of the well known observa-
tion of Horace,

It is a great satisfaction to him [the Reminiscent]
to reflect that none of his writings contain a sin whose youth devotion was unknown? You say, the Reminiscent was really sensible of the
gle line of personal hostility to any one.

The reminiscences of the first chapter relate to education at the foreign Roman Catholic universities, in one of which, that of Douay, in France, the author received We confess a great leaning to the opinhis own. He is, of course, a Romanist. ions of the good ecclesiastic. We believe The subject of education is one of such gene- that the error of modern systems is deral interest in our time and country, that we cidedly on the other hand; that youth is venture, at the very threshold of our analy-left, in too many particulars, to the blind sis, on an extract of some length.

Mediocribus esse poetis, Non Di, non homines, non concessêre Columnæ." There never was, all records show it, guidance of its own feeble judgment and Of gods and men, a middling poet. Every care was taken [at Douay] to form the in- limited experience, and that the inadequate We are not yet old enough to decide finalfant mind to religion and virtue: the boys were mean of persuasion is frequently employed ly on the justice of the author's opinions, as secluded from the world; every thing that could to attract the twig towards the right direc- expressed here and elsewhere, but we believe inflame their imagination or passions was kept at a tion, instead of the force which is able to them to be well-founded. Poetry may dedistance; piety, somewhat of the ascetic nature, was inculcated; and the hopes and fears, which bend and confine it there. Youth is about rive a short-lived popularity from brilliant Christianity presents, were incessantly held in their as ready to take the benefit of the experi-imagery or harmonious versification; but its view. No classic author was put into their hands, ence of others as a child is to take physic, descriptions and images, to be permanent, from which every passage, describing scenes of and we should have as little hesitation love or gallantry, or tending, even in the remotest about forcing down the unpalatable dose in degree, to inspire them, had not been obliterated. How this was done may be seen by any person, one instance, as the other. We shall not who will inspect father Juvençi's excellent editions attempt to enlarge upon this subject, though of Horace or Juvenal. Few works of English the temptation be strong within us, but only writers were permitted to be read; none, which mention one argument, which seems to us had not been similarly expurgated. The conse- to have some weight in favour of strict quence was, that a foreign college was the abode of innocence, learning, and piety. precautionary discipline and inspection. It has been questioned, whether this system of By these the young may be prevented from education is perfectly free from objection;-wheth-committing many bad actions, of which

must be founded on truth and nature. But time, experience, and observation are necessary to enable us to appreciate the fidelity of description and exactness of similitude; and much must be known of the world and of human nature before the exquisite delineations of Shakspeare can be properly understood. It requires years of the lives of common mortals to imbue the mind with a knowledge of those lights and

shades which diversify character, which ber of avocats, attornies, and officers of justice, "the eye in a fine frenzy rolling," conveys whom it would ruin: compassion for them made the pen fall from my to it at once, as it glances over them. hand. The length and number of lawsuits confer on the gentlemen of the We are not prepared to grant to our long robe their wealth and authority; one must author that the works of Gray are much therefore continue to permit their infant growth and more generally known by heart, than those everlasting endurance.' of Goldsmith, though we might admit his inference that the muse of the former was of the higher order.