sors elected the first Tuesday next after the first Monday of November, A, D. 1914, shall begin as herein provided. THIRD ARTICLE OF AMENDMENT. CHAPTER 2, SECTION 14. The votes and proceedings of the General Assembly shall be printed (when one third of the members of either house think it necessary), as soon as co venient after the end of the session, with the yeas and nays of the house of representatives on any question when required by five members and of the senate when required by one senator, (except where the votes shall be taken by ballot), in which case every member of either house shall have a right to insert the reasons of his vote upon the minutes. FOURTH ARTICLE OF AMENDMENT. SEC. 20. No person ought in any case, or in any time, to be declared guilty of treason or felony, by the legislature, nor to have his sentence upon convictis for felony commuted, remitted or mitigated by the legislature. And that Section 11 of Chapter 2 be amended by omitting the words "and murder" where they occur therein. FIFTH ARTICLE OF AMENDMENT. No charter of incorporation shall be granted, extended changed or amendel by special law, except for such municipal, charitable, educational, penal e reformatory corporations as are to be and remain under the patronage or co trol of the State; but the General Assembly shall provide by general laws for the organization of all corporations hereafter to be created. All general laws passed pursuant to this article may be altered from time to time or repealed SIXTH ARTICLE OF AMENDMENT. That wherever the words "judge” or “judges" are used in the Constitution of Vermont or amendments thereof, to designate a judge or judges of the supreme court, the words "justice" or "justices" shall be substituted therefs. as the ease may require. SEVENTH ARTICLE OF AMENDMENT. The General Assembly may pass laws compelling compensation for injuries received by employees in the course of their employment resulting in death bodily hurt, for the benefit of such employees, their widows or next of ki It may designate the class or classes of employers and employees to which such laws shall apply. EIGHTH ARTICLE OF AMENDMENT. That the judges of the supreme court be and are hereby authorized sh directed to revise Chapter 2 of the Constitution by incorporating into sui Chapter all amendments of the Constitution that are now or may be then in force and excluding therefrom all sections, clauses and words not in force and rearranging and renumbering the sections thereof under appropriate titles as in their judgment may be most logical and convenient; and said revised Chapter 2 as certified to the secretary of state by said judges or a majority theres be a part of the Constitution of this state in substitution for existing pter 2 and all amendments thereof. And, Whereas, It appears that each of said Articles of Amendment has been roved by a majority of the freemen voting thereon, according to the votes arned and certified, as required by said act, this day opened and examined he manner provided therein; Now, therefore, as directed by section seven of said act, I do hereby make lamation that said Articles of Amendment of the Constitution "have been v ratified and adopted by the people of this state and have become a part he Constitution thereof," and "all magistrates and officers, and all citizens of state" are hereby required to “take notice thereof and to govern themselves ordingly." In witness whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name and caused the of the State to be affixed, in Executive Chamber, at Montpelier, the second sday, the eighth day of April, A. D. 1913. ALI By the Governor, GUY W. BAILEY, Secretary of State. ALLEN M. FLETCHER, Governor. 14 CONSTITUTION OF VIRGINIA-1902.* 14 Whereas, pursuant to an act of the General Assembly of Virginia, approved March the fifth, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred. the question "sha there be a convention to revise the Constitution and amend the same?" TO submitted to the electors of the State of Virginia, qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly, at an election held throughout the State on the fourth Thursday in May, in the year nineteen hundred, at which election a major of the electors so qualified voting at said election did decide in favor of a me vention for such purpose; and, Whereas, the General Assembly at its next session did provide by law fo the election of delegates to such convention, in pursuance whereof the ment of this convention were elected by the good people of Virginia, to meet in e vention for such purpose. We, therefore, the people of Virginia, so assembled in Convention thrug our representatives, with gratitude to God for His past favors, and invoking blessings upon the result of our deliberations, do ordain and establish the follo ing revised and amended Constitution for the government of the Commonweark ARTICLE I. A Declaration of Rights, made by the representatives of the good people d Virginia assembled in full and free convention, which rights do pertan to them and their posterity, as the basis and foundation of government. SECTION 1. That all men are by nature equally free and independent, have certain inherent rights, of which, when they enter into a state of societ they cannot, by any compact, deprive or divest their posterity; namely, enjoyment of life and liberty, with the means of acquiring and possess property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety. SEC. 2. That all power is vested in, and consequently derived from, people; that magistrates are their trustees and servants, and at all time amenable to them. SEC. 3. That government is, or ought to be, instituted for the comma benefit, protection and security of the people, nation or community; of all various modes and forms of government, that is best, which is capable of ducing the greatest degree of happiness and safety, and is most effectually cured against the danger of maladministration; and, whenever any governmen shall be found inadequate or contrary to these purposes, a majority of community hath an indubitable, inalienable, and indefeasable right to refor alter or abolish it, in such manner as shall be judged most conducive to the public weal. SEC. 4. That no man, or set of men, is entitled to exclusive or separate emoluments or privileges from the community, but in consideration of pe services; which not being descendible, neither ought the offices of magisna legislator or judge to be hereditary. SEC. 5. That the legislative, executive, and judicial departments of the State should be separate and distinct; and that the members thereof may restrained from oppression, by feeling and participating the burthens of the people, they should, at fixed periods, be reduced to a private station, retur into that body from which they were originally taken, and the vacancies be plied by regular elections, in which all or any part of the former members st be again eligible, or ineligible, as the laws may direct. SEC. 6. That all elections ought to be free; and that all men, having sa cient evidence of permanent common interest with, and attachment to, the e munity, have the right of suffrage, and cannot be taxed, or deprived of, * damaged in, their property for public uses, without their own consent, or that *The convention which framed the Constitution of Virginia assembled in Richet on June 12, 1901, and adjourned on June 26, 1902. The Constitution was not t mitted to the electors for ratification; it was proclaimed by the convention on June 1902, and became operative on July 10, 1902. Its validity, called in question beca2 it had not been submitted to the electors for ratification, was upheld by the supras: court of appeals on June 18, 1903, in Taylor v. Commonwealth, 101 Va. 829. Tral of their representatives duly elected, or bound by any law to which they have not, in like manner, assented for the public good. SEC. 7. That all power of suspending laws, or the execution of laws, by any authority, without consent of the representatives of the people, is injurious to their rights, and ought not to be exercised. SEC. 8. That no man shall be deprived of his life, or liberty, except by the law of the land, or the judgment of his peers; nor shall any man be compelled in any criminal proceeding to give evidence against himself, nor be put twice in jeopardy for the same offence, but an appeal may be allowed to the Commonwealth in all prosecutions for the violation of a law relating to the State revenue. That in all criminal prosecutions à man hath a right to demand the cause and nature of his accusation, to be confronted with the accusers and witnesses, to call for evidence in his favor, and to a speedy trial by an impartial jury of his vicinage, without whose unanimous consent he cannot be found guilty; provided, however, that in any criminal case, upon a plea of guilty, tendered in person by the accused, and with the consent of the attorney for the Commonwealth, entered of record, the court shall, and in a prosecution for an offence not punishable by death, or confinement in the penitentiary, upon a plea of not guilty, with the consent of the accused, given in person, and of the attorney for the Commonwealth, both entered of record, the court, in its discretion, may lear and determine the case, without the intervention of a jury; and, that the General Assembly may provide for the trial of offences not punishable by death, ›r confinement in the penitentiary, by a justice of the peace, without jury, preserving in all such cases, the right of the accused to an appeal to and trial by ury in the circuit or corporation court; and may also provide for juries consistng of less than twelve, but not less than five, for the trial of offences not punishble by death, or confinement in the penitentiary, and may classify such cases. nd prescribe the number of jurors for each class. SEC. 9. That excessive bail ought not to be required, nor excessive fines mposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. SEC. 10. That general warrants, whereby an officer or messenger may be ommanded to search, suspected places without evidence of a fact committed, r to seize any person or persons not named, or whose offence is not particularly escribed and supported by evidence, are grievous and oppressive, and ought not o be granted. SEC. 11. That no person shall be deprived of his property without due proess of law; and in controversies respecting property, and in suits between man nd man, trial by jury is preferable to any other, and ought to be held sacred; ut the General Assembly may limit the number of jurors for civil cases in ircuit and corporation courts to not less than five in cases now cognizable by ustices of the peace or to not less than seven in cases not so cognizable. SEC. 12. That the freedom of the press is one of the great bulwarks of berty, and can never be restrained by despotic governments, and any citizen ay freely speak, write and publish his sentiments on all subjects, being responible for the abuse of that right. SEC. 13. That a well-regulated militia, composed of the body of the people, ained to arms, is the proper, natural and safe defense of a free State: at standing armies, in time of peace, should be avoided as dangerous to berty; and that in all cases the military should be under strict subordinaon to, and governed by, the civil power. SEC. 14. That the people have a right to uniform government; and, therere, that no government separate from, or independent of, the government of irginia ought to be erected or established within the limits thereof. SEC. 15. That no free government, or the blessing of liberty, can be preerved to any people, but by a firm adherence to justice, moderation, tempernce, frugality and virtue, and by frequent recurrence to fundamental prinples. SEC. 16. That religion, or the duty which we owe to our Creator, and the anner of discharging it, can be directed only by reason and conviction, not by force or violence; and, therefore, all men are equally entitled to the free exercise of religion, according to the dictates of conscience; and that it is the mutual duty of all to practice Christian forbearance, love and charity towards ench other. SEC. 17. The rights enumerated in this Bill of Rights shall not be construed to limit other rights of the people not therein expressed. SEC. 18. Every male citizen of the United States, twenty-one years of age. who has been a resident of the State two years, of the county, city, or town one year, and of the precinct in which he offers to vote, thirty days, next pre ceding the election in which he offers to vote, has been registered, and has paid his State poll taxes, as hereinafter required, shall be entitled to vote for men bers of the General Assembly and all officers elective by the people; but remova from one precinct to another, in the same county, city or town shall not deprive any person of his right to vote in the precinct from which he has moved, unti the expiration of thirty days after such removal. SEC. 19. There shall be general registrations in the counties, cities and towns of the State during the years nineteen hundred and two and ninetee hundred and three at such times and in such manner as may be prescribed by an ordinance of this Convention. At such registrations every male citizen of the United States having the qualifications of age and residence required in section eighteen shall be entitled to register, if he be: First. A person who, prior to the adoption of this Constitution, served time of war in the army or navy of the United States, of the Confederate States. or of any State of the United States or of the Confederate States; or, Second. A son of any such person; or, Third. A person, who owns property, upon which, for the year next preceding that in which he offers to register State taxes aggregating at least one dollar have been paid; or, Fourth. A person able to read any section of this Constitution submitted to him by the officers of registration and to give a reasonable explanation of the same; or, if unable to read such section, able to understand and give a reaso able explanation thereof when read to him by the officers, A roll containing the names of all persons thus registered, sworn to as certified by the officers of registration, shall be filed, for record and preservation, in the clerk's office of the circuit court of the county, or the clerk's offe of the corporation court of the city, as the case may be. Persons thus enrolled shall not be required to register again, unless they shall have ceased to residents of the State, or become disqualified by section Twenty-three. Any person denied registration under this section shall have the right of appeal to the circuit court of his county, or the corporation court of his city, or to the judge thereof in vacation. SEC. 20. After the first day of January, nineteen hundred and four, evers male citizen of the United States, having the qualifications of age and residence required in section Eighteen, shall be entitled to register, provided: First. That he personally paid to the proper officer all State poll taxes assessed or assessable against him, under this or the former Constitution, for the three years next preceding that in which he offers to register; or, if come of age at such time that no poll tax shall have been assessable agains him for the year preceding the year in which he offers to register, has paid one dollar and fifty cents, in satisfaction of the first year's poll tax assessable agains him; and, Second. That, unless physically unable, he make application to register in his own hand-writing, without aid, suggestion, or memorandum, in the pres ence of the registration officers, stating therein his name, age, date and place of birth, residence and occupation at the time and for the two years exi T+ 1 |