SUPRANATURALISM Supranaturalism (su-pra-nat'ū-ral-izm). See SUPERNATURALISM. Supranaturalist (su-pra-nat'u-ral-ist). See SUPERNATURALIST. In Supraoccipital (sü'pra-ok-sip"it-al), a. anat. above the occiput. Supra-orbital (su-pra-or'bit-al), a. In anat. being above the orbit of the eye. - Supraorbital artery, an artery sent off by the ophthalmic, along the superior wall of the orbit. Supra-orbitary, Supra-orbitar (su-praor bit-a-ri, su-pra-or'bit-ér), a. Same as Supra-orbital. Supraprotest (su-pra-pro'test), n. In law, an acceptance of a bill by a third person, after protest for non-acceptance by the drawer. Suprarenal (su-pra-re'nal), a. [L. supra, above, over, and ren, renes, the kidneys.] In anat. situated above the kidneys.-Suprarenal capsules, two minute, yellowish, triangular, glandular bodies which exist, one at the front portion of the upper end of each kidney. Their exact functions are as yet uncertain. Suprascapulary, Suprascapular (sú-praskap'u-la-ri, su-pra-skap'u-lér), a. [L supra, above, over, and scapula, the shoulder.] Being above the scapula. Supraspinal (sú-pra-spi'nal), a. In anat. (a) situated above the spine. (b) Above the spine or ridge of the scapula or shoulderblade. Supravision (su-pra-vi'zhon), n. Supervision. A severe supravision, and animadversion.' Jer. Taylor. Supravulgar (su-pra-vul'gér), a. Being above the vulgar or common people. [Rare.] Supremacy (su-prem'a-si), n. [See SuPREME.] The state of being supreme or in the highest station of power; highest authority or power; as, the supremacy of the king of Great Britain; the supremacy of parliament. But as we, under heaven, are supreme head, So under Him that great supremacy, Where we do reign we will alone uphold. Shak. I am ashamed that women are so simple To seek for rule, supremacy, and sway, When they are bound to serve, love, and obey. Shak -Papal supremacy, the authority, legisla. tive, judicial, and executive, which the pope exercised over the churches of England, Scotland, and Ireland until the middle of the sixteenth century, when it was abolished, and which still continues to be more or less recognized in all countries whose inhabitants are in communion with the Church of Rome.-Regal supremacy, the authority and jurisdiction which the sovereign of England exercises over the Church of England, as being the supreme head on earth of that church. This authority is not legislative, but judicial and executive only, and the most familiar form in which it appears is in the nomination to bishoprics and archbishoprics. Henry VIII. was first acknowledged supreme head of the church in 1528; and this supremacy was confirmed by parliament to him, his heirs, and successors, kings of this realm, in 1534-Oath of su premacy, in Great Britain, an oath denying the supremacy of the pope in ecclesiastical or temporal affairs in this realm. It was by many statutes required to be taken, along with the oath of allegiance and of abjuration, by persons in order to qualify themselves for office, &c.; but a greatly modified and simpler form of oath has now superseded them. Supreme (su-prēm), a. [L. supremus, from superus, above, upper, higher, from super. See SUPER.] 1. Highest in authority; holding the highest place in government or power. 'Sin which is the highest degree of treason against the supreme Guide and Monarch of the whole world.' Hooker. Milton. 2. Highest or most extreme, as to degree; greatest possible; utmost; as, supreme love or wisdom: sometimes joined to words with a bad sense; as, supreme folly or baseness. The lower still I fall; only supreme In misery. No single virtue we could most commend, Whether the wife, the mother, or the friend; For she was all in that supreme degree, That, as no one prevailed, so all was she. Dryden. 3. In bot. situated at the highest part or point. The Supreme, the most exalted of 266 beings; the sovereign of the universe; God. -Supreme Court of Judicature, in England, the court constituted in 1875 by the union and consolidation together of the following courts, viz. the Courts of Chancery, of Queen's Bench, of Common Pleas, of exchequer, of admiralty, probate, and of divorce and matrimonial cases-such supreme court consisting of two permanent divisions, called the High Court of Justice and the Court of Appeal. Supremely (su-prēm'li), adv. 1. With the highest authority; as, he rules supremely. 2. In the highest degree; to the utmost extent. The starving chemist in his golden views supremely blest.' Pope. Sur- (sér). A prefix from the French, contracted from L. super, and signifying over, above, beyond, upon. It is sometimes merely intensive. See SUPER. Sura (so'ra), n. [Ar.] A chapter of the Koran. These chapters were, it is asserted, given forth sometimes as a whole, sometimes in driblets, and often in single verses. Such driblets Mohammed, it is said, directed his amanuensis to enter 'in the sura which treated of such and such a subject.' If this tradition be authentic, it would indicate that Mohammed wished the Koran to be arranged according to its matter, and not chronologically; and hence the difficulty of assigning dates to each sura, or portion of a sura, is indefinitely increased. Brande & Cox. Suradanni (sö-ra-dan'ni),_n. A valuable kind of wood growing in Demerara, much used for timbers, rails, naves and fellies of wheels, and the like. Suraddition t (sér-ad-di'shon), n. [Prefix sur, on or upon, and addition.] Something added or appended, as to a name. He served with glory and admired success, Shak Sural (sü'ral), n. [L. sura, the calf of the leg.] Being in or pertaining to the calf of the leg; as, the sural artery. Wiseman. Surancet (shör'ans), n. Assurance. Shak. Sur-ancrée (sér-an'krē). [Fr.] In her. a term applied to a cross with double anchor flukes at each termination. Surat (sö-rat'), n. Coarse short cotton grown in the neighbourhood of Surat, in the Bombay presidency. Cross sur-ancrée. Surbase (sér bas), n. [Prefix sur, and base.] In arch. the crowning moulding or cornice of a pedestal; a border or moulding above the base, as the mouldings immediately Surbased (sér bäst), a. In arch. having a above the base of a room. Langhorne. surbase, or moulding above the base.-Surbased arch, an arch whose rise is less than half the span. Surbatet (ser-bat), v. t. pret. & pp. surbated; ppr. surbating. [Fr. solbattre, pp. solbatu, from sole, L. solea, a sole, and Fr. battre, to beat.] 1. To make sore the soles by walking; to bruise or batter by travel. Chalky land surbates and spoils oxen's feet. 2. To fatigue by marching. Their march they continued all that night, the horsemen often alighting that the foot might ride, and others taking many of them behind thein; however, they could not but be extremely weary and Clarendon. surbated. Surbed (sér-bed'), v.t. pret. & pp. surbedded; Surbeat (sér-bet'), v.t. Same as Surbate. ppr. surbedding. [Prefix sur, and bed.] To set edgewise, as a stone; that is, in a position different from that which it had in the quarry. Surbett (sér-bet'), pp. and a. Surbated; bruised. 'A traveller with feet surbet.' Spenser. Surcease (sér-sēs), v. i. pret. surceased; ppr. surceasing. [Formerly written surcesse, sursease, and based directly on Fr. surseoir, pp. sursis, to surcease, pawse, intermit, leave off' (Cotgrave), from prefix sur, and seoir, to sit, from L. sedeo, to sit; whence also surseance, a surceasing, a giving up. But the latter portion of the word was early confounded with cease, Fr. cesser, to cease; hence the modern spelling.] To cease; to stop; to be at an end; to leave off; to refrain finally. [Obsolete or poetical.] To fly altogether from God... under that pretence to surcease from prayers, as bootless or fruitless offices, were to him no less injurious than pernicious to our own souls. Hooker. Nor did the British squadrons now surcease From my books surcease of sorrow-sorrow for the lost Lenore. Poe. Surcharge (sér-chärj), v. t. pret. & pp. surcharged; ppr. surcharging. [Prefix sur, over, and charge.] 1. To overload; to overburden; as, to surcharge a beast or a ship; to surcharge a cannon. Your head reclined, as hiding grief from view, Droops like a rose surcharged with morning dew. Dryden. 2. In law, (a) to overstock; especially, to put more cattle into, as a common, than the person has a right to do, or more than the herbage will sustain. (b) In equity, to show an omission in, as in an account, for which credit ought to have been given. Story.3. To overcharge; to make an extra charge upon. Surcharge (ser'chärj), n. 1. A charge or load above another charge; hence, an excessive load or burden; a load greater than can be well borne. For that the air, after it hath received a charge, doth not receive a surcharge, or greater charge, with like appetite as it doth the first. Bacon. 2. In law, (a) an extra charge made by assessors upon such as neglect to make a due return of the taxes to which they are liable. (b) In equity, the showing of an omission in an account for which credit ought to have been given.-Surcharge and falsification. In taking accounts in the Court of Chancery a surcharge is applied to the balance of the whole account, and supposes credits to be omitted which ought to be allowed; and a falsification applies to some item in the debits, and supposes that the item is wholly false or in some part erroneous.-3. An overcharge beyond what is just and right.-Surcharge of forest, the putting of more cattle into a forest, by a commoner, than he has a right to do. Surcharger (sèr-chärj'ér), n. 1. One that overloads or overstocks.-2. Surcharge of forest (which see). Surcingle (ser'sing-gl), n. [0. Fr. sursangle, prefix sur (L. super,upon), and L. cingulum, a belt.] 1. A belt, band, or girth which passes over a saddle, or over anything laid on a horse's back, to bind it fast.-2. The girdle with which clergymen of the Church of England bind their cassocks. Surcingle (sér-sing'gl), v. t. To furnish with a surcingle; to bind or attach with a surcingle. Each homely groom cingled to a galled hackney's hide.' Bp. Hall. sur SURCREASE saders, partly for the purpose of distinguishing the many different nations serving under the banner of the cross. Meyrick. Surcreaset (ser'krės), n. [0. Fr. surcrez, surcroist, an overgrowth-prefix sur, over, and L. cresco, crescere, to grow.] Abundant or excessive growth or increase. Their surcrease grew so great, as forced them at last To seek another soil, as bees do when they cast. Drayton. Surcrew (sér’krö), n. [Prefix sur, over, and Fr. crue, a growth.] Additional collection; augmentation. 'Returning with a surcrew of these splenetic vapours that are called hypochondriacal.' Wotton. Surculatet (sér kü-lát), v.t. [L. surculo, surculatum, from surculus, a young twig or shoot.] To prune. Surculation† (sér-ku-la'shon), n. Act of pruning. Sir T. Browne. Surculose, Surculous (ser'ku-lōs, sêr'külus), a. [See below.] In bot. being full of shoots or twigs. Surculus (sér ku-lus), n. pl. Surculi (sèr kūli). [L] In bot. any little branch or twig: applied by Linnæus particularly to the stem of mosses, or the shoot which bears the leaves. Surcurrent (sér-kuʼrent), a. In bot, a term applied to a leafy expansion running up the stem: the opposite of decurrent. Surd (sérd), a. [L. surdus, deaf.] 1. Not having the sense of hearing; deaf. 'A surd and earless generation of men, stupid unto all instruction.' Sir T. Browne.-2† Unheard. 'Surd modes of articulation.' Kenrick.-3. In math. not capable of being expressed in rational numbers; as, a surd expression, quantity, or number. See the noun. 4. In phonetics, uttered with breath and not with voice; devoid of proper vocality; not sonant; toneless; specifically, a term applied to the hard mute consonants of the alphabet. See the noun. Surd (sèrd), n. 1. In math, an irrational quantity; a quantity which is incommensurable to unity. Or, a surd denotes the root of any quantity, when that quantity is not a complete power of the dimension required by the index of the root. Hence, the roots of such quantities cannot be expressed by rational numbers. Thus the square root of 2 (or √2), the cube root of 4(4), the fourth root of 7 (7), &c., are surds, for they cannot be expressed by rational numbers. 2. In phonetics, a consonantal sound uttered with breath and not with voice; a nonsonant consonant; a hard check; as, p. f. 8, t, k, as opposed to b, v, z, d, g, which are called soft checks, flats, or sonants. Surdalt (serdal), a. Surd. Surdiny (ser'di-ni), n. A corrupt form of Sardine. He that eats nothing but a red-herring to-day shall ne'er be broiled for the devil's rasher; a pilcher, signor: a surdiny, an olive! that I may be a philo sopher first, and immortal afterwards. Beau. & Fl. Surditas (sér'di-tas), n. [L. See SURD.] Deafness; hardness of hearing. Surdity (sér'di-ti), n. Deafness. Sure (shör), a. [Fr. súr, O. Fr. seur, seür, Pr. segur, from L. securus, unconcerned, secure -se, apart, and cura, care. This is therefore the same word as secure.] 1. Perfectly confident or undoubting; certainly knowing and believing; implicitly trusting; unquestioning; having no fear of being deceived, disappointed, or of being found at fault; certain of one's facts, position, or the like; fully persuaded. Friar Laurence met them both; Him he knew well, and guess'd that it was she; But being mask'd he was not sure of it. Shak. Be silent always when you doubt your sense; And speak, though sure, with seeming diffidence. Pope. 2. Certain to find or retain; as, to be sure of success; to be sure of life or health.-3. Fit or worthy to be depended on; capable of producing the desired effect or of fulfilling the requisite conditions; certain not to disappoint expectation; not liable to failure, loss, or change; unfailing; firm; stable; steady; secure; certain; infallible. The testimony of the Lord is sure. Ps. xix. 7. 4. Out of danger; secure; safe. Fear not: the forest is not three leagues off; If we recover that, we are sure enough. Shak. 5. Betrothed; engaged to marry. The king was sure to Dame Elizabeth Lucy, and her husband before God. Sir T. More. 267 -To be sure or be sure, without doubt; certainly; as, will you go? To be sure, I shall. [Colloq.]-To make sure, (a) to make certain; to secure so that there can be no failure of the purpose or object. sure. Give diligence to make your calling and election 2 Pet. i. 10. He bade me make sure of the bear, before I sell his skin. Sir R. L'Estrange. A peace cannot fail, provided we make sure of Spain. Sir W. Temple. (b) To make fast by betrothal; to betroth. 'She that's made sure to him she loves not well.' Cotgrave.-Sure as a gun, unfailingly or absolutely certain. [Colloq. J-SYN. Certain, unfailing, infallible, firm, stable, steady, secure, safe, confident, positive. Sure (shör), adv. Certainly; without doubt; doubtless. Sure, upon the whole, a bad author deserves better usage than a bad critic. Pope. 'Tis pleasant, sure, to see one's name in print. Byron. Surebyt (shörbi), n. Same as Suresby. Surefooted (shor'fut-ed), a. Not liable to stumble, slide, or fall; having a firm, secure tread; as, a surefooted horse. Surefooted griefs, solid calamities.' G. Herbert. Surely (shor'li), adv. 1. Certainly; infallibly; undoubtedly. In the day that thou eatest thereof, thou shalt surely die. Gen. ii. 17. And surely as I live, I am a maid. Shak He that created something out of nothing, surely South. can raise great things out of small. 2. Firmly; stably; safely; securely. "That I may surely keep mine oath.' Shak. Prov. x. 9. He that walketh uprightly walketh surely. Surely is often used with a certain intensive force not easy to define, but sometimes nearly equivalent to an interrogative clause; as, surely you do not think so (=you do not think so, do you?); or expressing a doubt in the mind of the speaker; as, surely he cannot have been so wicked. It is often nearly equivalent to verily, of a truth. Surely, I think you have charms. Shak. Surely, surely, slumber is more sweet than toil, the shore Than labour in the deep mid-ocean, wind and wave and oar. Tennyson. Surement, tn. Security for payment. Chau cer. Sureness (shörnes), n. The state of being sure or certain; certainty. He diverted himself with the speculation of the seed of coral; and for more sureness he repeats it. Woodward. Suresbyt (shörz'bi), n. [From sure, on type of rudesby.] One who may be surely depended on. 'Old suresbyes to serve for all turns. Coryat Suretiship (shör'ti-ship), n. Same as Suretyship. He that hateth suretiship is sure. Prov. xi. 15. Surety (shör'ti), n. [Fr. sureté. See SURE.] 1. Certainty; indubitableness. Know of a surety, that thy seed shall be a stranger in a land that is not theirs. Gen. xv. 13. 2. Security; safety. Yet for the more surety they looked round about. Sir P. Sidney. 3. That which makes sure, firm, or certain; foundation of stability; ground of security. Myself and all the angelic host our happy state Hold, as you yours, while our obedience holds: On other surety none. Milton. 4. Evidence; ratification; confirmation. She call'd the saints to surety That she would never put it from her finger, Unless she gave it to yourself. Shak 5. Security against loss or damage; security for payment. There remains unpaid A hundred thousand more, in surety of the which Shak One part of Aquitain is bound to us. 6. In law, one bound with and for another who is primarily liable, and who is called the principal; one who enters into a bond or recognizance to answer for another's appearance in court, or for his payment of a debt or for the performance of some act, and who, in case of the principal's failure, is compellable to pay the debt or dainages; a bondsman; a bail. He that is surety for a stranger shall smart for it. Prov. xi. 15. Hence-7. A substitute; a hostage.-Surety of the peace, the acknowledgment of a bond to the sovereign, taken by a competent judge of record, for keeping the peace. A magistrate or a justice of the peace may bind all those to keep the peace who make affray, or contend together with hot and SURFACE angry words, or go about with unlawful weapons or attendance to the terror of the people. So if a private man has just cause to fear that another will burn his house, or do him a corporal injury, or will procure others to do so, he may demand surety of the peace against such person, and every justice of the peace is bound to grant it if satisfied that the person has good grounds for the application. Surety (shorti), v. t. To guarantee; to be bail or security for. Shak. The jeweller that owes the ring is sent for And he shall surety ine. Suretyship (shör'ti-ship), n. The state of being surety; the obligation of a person to answer for the debt, fault, or non-performance of another, and to make good any loss occasioned thereby. Surf (sèrf), n. [Origin doubtful. Perhaps from 0.Fr. surflot, the rising of billow upon billow-sur, above, and flot, a wave. In meaning 2 the origin is no doubt different.] 1. The swell of the sea which breaks upon the shore, or upon sandbanks or rocks. 2. In agri, the bottom or conduit of a drain. [Local.] Surface (sér fás), n. [Fr. surface, from sur, upon, and face, or directly from L. superficies.] 1. The exterior part of anything that has length and breadth; one of the limits that terminates a solid; the superficies; outside; as, the surface of the earth; the surface of the sea; the surface of a diamond; the surface of the body; the surface of a cylinder; an even or an uneven surface. Popularly, surface is often used to signify, not merely the outside or exterior boundary of any substance, but also a certain thickness of the exterior material part. In this way we speak of the surface of the earth, the surface of the soil, of taking off the surface of anything, &c.-2. In geom. a superficies; that which has length and breadth only, and so distinguished from a line, which has length only, and from a solid, which has length, breadth, and thickness. The extremities of a surface are lines, and the intersections of one surface with another are also lines.-A plane surface is that in which any two points being taken the straight line between them lies wholly in that surface. -A surface which may be cut by a plane through any given point, so that the line of common section of the plane and surface may be a curve, is called a curved surface; as the surface of a sphere, cylinder, or cone. Surfaces are distinguished algebraically by the nature and order of their equations. Thus, we have surfaces of the first order, or plane surfaces, and surfaces of the second order, or curved surfaces. Surfaces are also distinguished by their mode of generation; thus the surface of a sphere is generated by the revolution of a semicircular arc about the diameter, which remains fixed. In physics, a surface is supposed to be composed of a number of material particles, placed together side by side, without any opening or interstice between them. Such a surface, therefore, cannot be said to be absolutely destitute of thickness, but may be regarded as a film of matter whose thickness is indefinitely small.-Tabular surface, a surface generated by a circle of a given radius, which moves with its centre on a given curve, and its plane at right angles to the tangent of that curve.-Ruled surface, a surface described by the motion of a straight line, which neither remains parallel to a given line nor always passes through a given point, as conoidal surfaces. - Developable surface, a surface that can be unwrapped in a plane without any doubling of parts over one another, or separation, as the surfaces of the cylinder and cone.-- Undevelop able surface, a surface that cannot be developed in the plane.-3. Outward or external appearance; what appears on a slight or casual view or without examination; as, this arrangement, on the surface, was very advantageous.-4. In fort. that part of the side which is terminated by the flank prolonged, and the angle of the nearest bastion. Surface (sér fás), a. Of or pertaining to the surface; external; hence, superficial; specious; insincere; as, mere surface politeness or loyalty. Surface (sér fás), v. t. pret. & pp. surfaced; ppr. surfacing. 1. To put a surface on, or give a surface to; specifically, to give a fine surface to; to make plain or smooth.-2. To work over the surface of, as ground, in searching for gold. SURFACE-CHUCK Surface-chuck (sér'fás-chuk), n. A faceplate chuck in a lathe to which an object is fixed for turning. Surface-condenser (sér'fás-kon-den-sér), n. In steam-engines, an apparatus by which steam from the cylinder is condensed. It usually consists of a large number of brass tubes united at their ends by means of a pair of flat steam-tight vessels, or of two sets of radiating tubes. This set of tubes is inclosed in a casing, through which a sufficient quantity of cold water is driven. The steam from the exhaust pipe is condensed as it passes through these tubes, and is pumped away by the air-pump. Surface-gauge (ser'fās-gāj), n. An instrument for testing the accuracy of plane surfaces. Surface-grub (sér'fās-grub), n. The caterpillar of the great yellow underwing moth (Triphona pronuba). When full grown it is nearly 1 inch long, pale green with a brownish tinge, black dots, three pale lines down the back. It is frequently destructive to the roots of grass, cabbages, and turnips. Surface-joint (serfäs-joint), n. A joint uniting the ends or edges of metallic sheets or plates. They are generally formed by laps or flanges, soldered or riveted. E. H. Knight. Surfaceman (sér'fās-man), n. In rail. a person whose duty it is to keep the permanent way in order. Surface-printing (ser'fas-print-ing), n. Printing from an inked surface, in contradistinction to plate-printing, in which the lines are filled with ink, the surface cleaned, and the ink absorbed from the lines by pressure on the plate. Books, newspapers, woodcuts, and lithographs are examples of surface-printing. E. H. Knight. Surfacer (sér fås-ér), n. 1. A machine for planing and giving a surface to wood.-2. One who digs for gold in the surface soil. Surface-roller (sér fás-röl-ér), n. The engraved cylinder used in calico-printing. E. H. Knight. Surface-water (sér fãs-wa-ter), n. Water which collects on the surface of the ground, and usually runs off into drains, sewers, and the like. Surface-working (sér'fas-werk-ing), n. The operation of digging for gold or other minerals on the top soil. Surf-boat (sérf'bōt), n. A peculiarly strong and buoyant boat capable of passing with safety through surf. Surf-duck (serf'duk), n. A species of scoter (Oidemia perspicillata), about the size of a mallard, rarely seen on the British coasts, but frequent on the coasts of Labrador, Hudson's Bay, and other parts of North America. It dives so swiftly that it is extremely difficult to shoot except when on the wing. Called also Surf-scoter. Surfeit (sér fit), n. [0. Fr. surfait, excesssur, over, and fait, pp. of faire, L. facere, to do. See FACT, FEAT.] 1. Excess in eating and drinking; a gluttonous meal by which the stomach is overloaded and the digestion deranged. Shak. Now comes the sick hour that his surfeit made. 2. Fulness and oppression of the system, occasioned by excessive eating and drinking. Too much a surfeit breeds, and may our child annoy; These fat and luscious meats do but our stomachs cloy. Drayton. 3. Disgust caused by excess; satiety; nausea. Matter and argument have been supplied abun dantly, and even to surfeit, on the excellency of our own government. Burke. Surfeit (sér fit), v. t. [From the noun.] 1. To feed so as to oppress the stomach and derange the functions of the system; to overfeed so as to produce sickness or uneasiness; to overload the stomach of. The surfeited grooms Shak. 2. To fill to satiety and disgust; to cloy; as, he surfeits us with his eulogies. Surfeit (sér fit), v.i. To be fed till the system is oppressed, and sickness or uneasiness ensues. They are as sick that surfeit with too much, as they that starve with nothing. Shak. Surfeiter (sér'fit-ér), n. One who surfeits or riots; a glutton; a reveller. This amorous surfeiter. Shak. Surfeit-swelled (ser'fit-sweld), a. Swelled or tumefled with a surfeit or excessive eating and drinking or other overindulgence. Shak. 268 Surfeit-water (sér'fit-wa-tér), n. Water for the cure of surfeits. Locke. Surfel, Surflet (sérfl), v. t. To wash, as the face, with a cosmetic supposed to have been prepared from sulphur. She shall no oftener powder her hair, surfle her cheeks... but she shall as often gaze on my pic. ture. Ford. Surf-scoter (sérf ́skō-tèr), n. See SURF DUCK. Surfy (sér'fi), a. Consisting in or abounding with surf; resembling surf; foaming. Moore. Scarce had they cleared the surfy waves That foam around those frightful caves. Surge (sérj), n. [O. Fr. surgeon, sourgeon, a spring, a spouting up, from L. surgere, to rise. See SOURCE.] 1. A spring; a fountain; a source of water.-2. A large wave or billow; a great rolling swell of water. He flies aloft, and with impetuous roar, Pursues the foaming surges to the shore. Dryden. 3. A swelling or rolling prominence; an undulation. At what seemed its northern extremity, the hills of Arqua rose in a dark cluster of purple pyramids ... two or three smooth surges of inferior hill extended themselves about their roots. Ruskin. 4. The act of surging, or of heaving in an undulatory manner. 5. In ship-building, the tapered part in front of the whelps, between the chocks of a capstan, on which the messenger may surge. Surge (sérj), v.t. Naut. to let go a portion of a rope suddenly; to slack a rope up suddenly when it renders round a pin, a winch, windlass, or capstan. Surge (sérj), v.i. pret surged; ppr. surging. [See the noun.] 1. To swell; to rise high and roll, as waves. The surging waters like a mountain rise. Spenser. 2. Naut. to slip back; as, the cable surges. Surgeful (sérj'ful), a. Full of surges. The surgeful tides.' Drayton. Surgeless (sérj'les), a. Free from surges; smooth; calm. Surgent (ser'jent), a. [L. surgens, surgentis, ppr. of surgo, to arise, to mount up.] Lit. mounting up. In geol. appellative of the fifth of Prof. H. Roger's divisions of the paleozoic strata in the Appalachian chain, corresponding to a certain extent with the middle Silurian. Surgeon (ser'jun), n. [O. Fr. surgien, contr. for chirurgien, O. E. chirurgeon, from L. chirurgus, Gr. cheirourgos, a surgeon, an operating medical man-Gr. cheir, the hand, and ergon, work.] One who practises surgery; in a limited sense, one whose profession or occupation is to cure diseases or injuries of the body by manual operation. In a more general sense, one whose occupation is to cure disease or injury, whether by manual operation or by medical appliances employed externally or internally. See SURGERY.-Royal College of Surgeons of England, an institution for the training, examination, and licensing of practitioners of medicine, dating its origin from the year 1460. The buildings of the college, which include a museum, library, and lecture theatre, are situated in Lincoln's Inn Fields, London. Surgeon-apothecary (ser'jun-a-poth"e-kari), n. One who is both surgeon and apothecary. A Surgeoncy (sér’jun-si), n. The office of surgeon, as in the army or navy. Surgeon-dentist (sér jun-den-tist), n. dental surgeon; a qualified dentist. Surgeon-fish (sér'jun-fish),n. An acanthopterygious or spine-finned fish of the genus Acanthurus (Ã. chirurgus), so called from a lance-like spine on each side near the tail. Surgeonryt (sér'jun-ri), n. The practice of a surgeon; surgery; a surgery. Surgery (ser'jér-i), n. [For surgeonry.] 1. The operative branch of medicine; that branch of medical science and practice which involves the performance of operaations on the human subject, whether with or without instruments, as in the curing of wounds or lesions, the removal of injured parts or morbid growths, the reducing of dislocations, &c. The department of surgery is distinguished from that of physic inasmuch as the latter is concerned mainly with the treatment of disease by the administration of drugs or other substances; but the two departments are apt to run together at certain points, and a strict line of demarcation between surgery and physic cannot be easily traced. They are based on the same ultimate principles, and the exer SURMARK cise of their different branches requires the same fundamental knowledge.-2. A place where surgical operations are performed, or where medicines are prepared. Surgiant (ser'ji-ant), a. În her, the same as Rousant or Rising (which see). Surgical (sér'jík-al), a. Pertaining to surgeons or surgery; done by means of surgery; as, surgical instruments; surgical operation. Surgy (sér'ji), a. Rising in surges or billows; full of surges; produced by surges. 'O'er the surgy main." Pope. The surgy murmurs of the lonely sea.' Keats. Suricate (sü'ri-kāt), n. [Native South African name.] The Ryzaena Capensis, or Suricata Zenik, a carnivorous animal found in South Africa, bearing some resemblance to the common polecat and ferret. It is somewhat smaller than the domestic cat, and when tamed is a useful inmate of a house, extirpating rats, mice, and other vermin. Called also Zenik. Surinam Bark (sö-rē-nam' bärk), n. The bark of the Andira inermis, or cabbagebark tree, a leguminous plant of the West Surinam Bark (Andira inermis). Indies, with alternate pinnate leaves and terminal panicles of reddish lilac flowers. It is also called Worm-bark, and is used in medicine, especially as an anthelmintic. Surinamine (so-re-nam'in), n. An alkaloid obtained from Surinam bark. It is crystallizable, and forms crystallizable salts. Surinam-toad (sö-re-näm'tōd), n. A very ugly batrachian reptile of the section Pipidæ, infesting houses in Guiana and Surinam. See PIPA. Surintendant (sér-in-ten'dant), n. A superintendent. C. Richardson. [Rare.] Surlily (sérli-li), adv. In a surly morose manner. Surliness (sérli-nes), N. The state or quality of being surly; gloomy moroseness; crabbed ill-nature; as, the surliness of a dog. To prepare and mollify the Spartan surliness with his smooth songs and odes.' Milton. Surling (sér❜ling), n. A sour morose fellow. These sour surlings.' Camden. Surloin (sér loin). See SIRLOIN. Surly (serli), a. [Old form sirly or syrly: probably, as Wedgwood thinks, for sir-like = magisterial, arrogant.] 1. Arrogant; haughty. To grow proud, to take a surly state upon him.' Cotgrave.-2. Gloomily morose; crabbed; snarling; sternly sour; with churlish ill-nature; cross and rude; as, a surly fellow; a surly dog. It would have galled his surly nature. Shak. 3. Ungracious; churlish: said of things. It (Judea) would have lain in exile from the great human community, had not the circulation of commerce embraced it, and self-interest secured it a surly and contemptuous regard. F. Martineau. 4. Rough; dark; tempestuous. 'Now soften'd into joy the surly storm.' Thomson.5. Gloomy; dismal. 'That surly spirit, Melancholy.' Shak. When I am dead Then you shall hear the surly sullen bell. Shak Surmark (sér'märk), n. In ship-building, (a) one of the stations of the rib-bands and harpings which are marked on the timbers. See RIBBAND-LINE. (b) A cleat temporarily placed on the outside of a rib to give a hold SURMISAL to the rib-band by which, through the shores, it is supported on the slip-way. Surmisalt (sér-mï'zal), n. Surmise. This needless surmisal. Milton. Surmise (sér-miz′), n. [O. Fr. surmise, accusation, from surmettre, pp. surmis, surmise, to impose, to accuse, from prefix sur, L. super, upon, above, and mettre, L. mittere, to send, to let go, to put forth.] 1. The thought or imagination that something may be, of which however there is no certain or strong evidence; speculation; conjecture; as, the surmises of jealousy or of envy. Function 2. Thought; reflection. Shak. Tennyson. Being from the feeling of her own grief brought By deep surmise of others' detriment. Shak. SYN Conjecture, guess, supposition, hypothesis, speculation. Surmise (ser-miz), v.t. pret. & pp. surmised; ppr. surmising. [See the noun.] To guess to be the case with but little ground to go upon; to imagine; to entertain in thought upon slight evidence; to conjecture; to suspect. It wafted nearer yet, and then she knew That what before she but surmis'd, was true. Dryden. This change was not wrought by altering the form or position of the earth, as was surmised by a very learned man, but by dissolving it. Woodward. Surmiser (ser-miz'ér), n. One who surmises. Bp. Fell. Surmising (ser-miz'ing), n. The act of suspecting; surmise; as, evil surmisings. 1 Tim. vi. 4. Surmount (sér-mount'), v.t. [Fr. surmonter-sur, over, above, and monter, to mount.] 1. To mount or rise above. The mountains of Olympus, Athos, and Atlas, surmount all winds and clouds. Raleigh, 2. To conquer; to overcome; as, to surmount difficulties or obstacles. To surmount the natural difficulties of the place.' Sir J. Hayward.-3. To surpass; to exceed. What surmounts the reach of human sense." Milton. Shak, This Hector far surmounted Hannibal. SYN. To overtop, conquer, overcome, surpass, exceed, excel, vanquish, subdue. Surmountable (sér-mount'a-bl), a. Capable of being surmounted or overcome; conquerable; superable. Several arguments hardly surmountable. Stackhouse. Surmountableness (sér-mount'a-bl-nes), n. The state of being surmountable. Surmounted (sér-mount'ed), p. and a. 1. Overcome; conquered; surpassed.-2. In her. the term used of a charge when it has another charge of a different metal or colour laid over it. When it is an animal that has a charge placed over it debruised is the term used. See DEBRUISED.-Surmounted arch or dome, an arch or dome that rises higher than a semicircle. Surmounter (sèr-mount'êr), n. One who or that which surmounts. Surmullet (ser'mul-et), n. [Fr. surmulet, the red mullet, for sormulet, from O. Fr. sor, Mod. Fr. saur, reddish-brown, sorrel, and mulet, a mullet. See SORE, a hawk, a deer.] The common name for fishes of the family Mullidæ, formerly included in the perch family, but distinguished by having two dorsal fins placed at a very wide interval, the first being spinous. Two long barbels hang from the under jaw, or, when not in use, are folded up against it. The typical genus is Mullus. The red or plain surmullet (M. barbatus or ruber) inhabits the Mediterranean, and attains a length of about 12 inches. Its flesh is esteemed very delicious, and was extravagantly prized by the Romans. It is remarkable for the brilliancy of its colours. Plain Surmullet (Mullus barbatus). The striped or common surmullet (M. surmuletus) is somewhat larger, but equal to the red surmullet in delicacy. It is pretty 269 common on the southern and south-western shores of England. Surmulot (sèr'mü-lot), n. [Fr., from saur, O. Fr. sor, reddish-brown, sorrel, and mulot, a field-mouse.] A name given by Buffon to the brown rat (Mus decumanus). Surname (sér′nām), n. [Prefix sur, over and above, and name.] 1. An additional name; a name or appellation added to the baptismal or Christian name, and which becomes a family name. Surnames with us originally designated occupation, estate, place of residence, or some particular thing or event that related to the person. Thus William Rufus or red; Edmund Ironsides; Robert Smith, or the smith; William Turner. Surnames seem to have been formed at first by adding the name of the father to that of the son, and in this manner several of our surnames were produced. Thus from Thomas William's son we have Thomas Williamson; from John's son we have Johnson, &c. There still, however, wanted something to ascertain gentility of blood, where it was not marked by the actual tenure of land. This was supplied by two innovations, devised in the eleventh and twelfth cen turies, the adoption of surnames and of armorial bearings. Hallam. 2. An appellation added to the original name. My surname Coriolanus.' Shak Surname (sér'nām), v.t. pret. & pp. surnamed; ppr. surnaming. To name or call by an appellation 'added to the original name; to give a surname to. Another shall subscribe with his hand to the Lord, and surname himself by the name of Israel. Is. xliv. 5. Mark iii. 16. And Simon he surnamed Peter. Surnominal (sèr-nom'in-al), a. [Prefix sur, over, above, and L. nomen, nominis, a name.] Relating to surnames. Surpass (sèr-pas), v.t. [Fr. surpasser—sur and passer, to pass beyond.] To exceed; to excel; to go beyond in anything good or bad; as, Homer surpasses modern poets in sublimity; Pope surpasses many poets in smoothness of versification; Achilles surpassed the other Greeks in strength and courage. She as far surpasseth Sycorax As great'st does least. Shak. A nymph of late there was, SYN. To exceed, excel, outdo, outstrip. 2. In law, the residuum of an estate after Surplusage (ser plus-aj), n. the debts and legacies are paid. 1. Surplus; as, surplusage of grain or goods beyond what is wanted.-2. In law, something in the pleadings or proceedings not necessary or relevant to the case, and which may be rejected.-3. In accounts, a greater disbursement than the charge of the accountant amounteth to. Surprisal (sér-priz'al), n. [See SURPRISE ] The act of surprising or coming upon suddenly and unexpectedly, or the state of being taken unawares; a surprise. Hudibras. This strange surprisal put the knight And wrathful squire into a fright. Surprise (sér-prīz′), n. [Fr. surprise, from surpris, pp. of surprendre, to take by surprise, to surprise-prefix sur, over, above, and prendre L. prendere, for prehendere, to lay hold of, to seize (as in apprehend, comprehend, &c.).] 1. The act of coming upon unawares, or of taking suddenly and without preparation; as, the fort was taken by surprise. 2. The state of being seized with astonishment; an emotion excited by something happening suddenly and unexpectedly, as something novel told or presented to view; wonder; astonishment; amazement; as, nothing could exceed his surprise at the narration of these adventures. Never was heard such a terrible curse! To no little surprise, Nobody seemed one penny the worse! 3. A dish covered with a crust of raised Surpassable (sér-pas'a-bl), a. Capable of Surprise (sér-priz), v.t. pret. & pp. surbeing surpassed or exceeded. Surpassing (sér-pas'ing), p. and a. Excellent in an eminent degree; exceeding others. 'O thou that with surpassing glory crown'd.' Milton. Surpassingly (sérpas'ing-li), adv. In a very excellent manner, or in a degree surpassing others. Surpassingness (ser-pas'ing-nes), n. The state of surpassing. Surplice (sér plis), n. [Fr. surplis,Ò. Fr. surpeliz, Pr. sobrepelitz, L.L. superpellicium, L. super, over, and pellicium, a coat, a tunic, lit. a skin coat, from pellicius, made of skins, from pellis, a skin.] A white garment worn by priests, deacons, and choristers in the Church of England and the Roman Catholic Church over their Surplice, Brass of Prior Ne other dress during the performance of religious services. lond, Cowfold, Sussex. It is a loose, flowing vestment of linen, reaching almost to the feet, having sleeves broad and full, and differs from the alb only in being fuller and having no girdle nor embroidery at the foot. Surpliced (sér'plist), a. Wearing a surplice. The surpliced train.' Mallet. Surplice-fee (sér plis-fe), n. A fee paid to the clergy for occasional duties, as on baptisms, marriages, funerals, &c. T. Warton. Surplis, n. [Fr.] A surplice. Chaucer. Surplus (sér plus), n [Fr. surplus, from sur, L.super, over and above, and plus, more.] 1. Overplus; that which remains when use prised; ppr. surprising. [See SURPRISE, n.] 1. To come or fall upon suddenly and unexpectedly; to assail unexpectedly; to attack or take unawares. By his foe surprised at unawares.' Shak. "When subtle Greeks surprised King Priam's Troy.' Shak. The castle of Macduff I will surprise. Shak. Who can speak The mingled passions that surpris'd his heart? Thomson. One visitor, described as a distinguished man of letters, thinks M. le Goupils has surprised the secret of the sculptors of the sixteenth century. Fraser's Mag. 2. To seize suddenly; to take prisoner. Is the traitor Cade surprised! Shak. Webster. 4. To strike with wonder or astonishment by something sudden, unexpected, or remarkable either in conduct, words, or story, or by the appearance of something unusual; as, we are surprised at desperate acts of heroism. 5. To lead, bring, or betray unawares. 'If by chance he has been surprised into a short nap at sermon.' Addison.-6. To hold possession of; to hold. Not with me That in my hands surprise the sovereignty. Surpriser (sér-priz'èr), n. One who surprises. Surprising (sér-prizʼing), p. and a. Exciting surprise; wonderful; astonishing; extraordinary; of a nature to excite wonder and astonishment; as, surprising bravery; surprising patience; a surprising escape from danger. Wonderful, Strange, Surprising, Curious. See under WONDERFUL. Surprisingly (ser-priz'ing-li), adv. In a surprising manner or degree; as, he exerted himself surprisingly to save the life of his companion. Surprisingness (sér-priz'ing-nes), n. State of being surprising. Surprize † (sér-priz), v.t. [See SURPRISE.] To seize; to surprise. Spenser. SURQUEDOUS Surquedous, Surquedrous (ser'kwedus, sêr'kwed-rus), a. [See below.] Conceited; proud;_arrogant. Surquedrie, Surquedryt (sér'kwed-ri), n. [0. Fr. surcuider, to presume, surcuidance, arrogance, presumption, disdain-sur, over, above, and cuider, to think, from L. cogito, cogitare, to think, to cogitate. Comp. outrecuidance.] Overweening pride; arrogance. Without suspect of surquedry.' Donne. Surquedyt (sér kwed-i), n. (See SURQUEDRIE. Presumption; insolence. Sir W. Scott. Surrebut (sèr-rē-but'), v. i. [Prefix sur, and rebut.] In law, to reply, as a plaintiff, to a defendant's rebutter. Surrebutter (sér-re-but'èr), n. The plaintiff's reply in pleading to a defendant's rebutter. Surreined (ser-rānd'), a. [Prefix sur, and rein.] Overridden or injured; exhausted by riding too hard; knocked up. A drench for surreined jades.' Shak. Surrejoin (ser-re-join'), v.i. [Prefix sur, and rejoin] In law, to reply, as a plaintiff, to a defendant's rejoinder. Surrejoinder (sér-ré-join'dėr), n. The answer of a plaintiff to a defendant's rejoinder. Sur-renal (sèr-ré'nal), a. In anat. same as Suprarenal. Surrender (sèr-ren'der), v.t. [0.Fr. surrender, to deliver-sur, over, and rendre, to render. See RENDER.] 1. To yield to the power of another; to give or deliver up possession of upon compulsion or demand; as, to surrender one's person to an enemy; to surrender a fort or a ship.-2. To yield in favour of another; to resign in favour of another; to cease to claim or use; as, to surrender a right or privilege; to surrender a place or an office.-3. To relinquish; to let be taken away. Ripe age bade him surrender late His life and long good fortune unto final fate! 4. In law, to make surrender of. See the noun.-5. To yield to any influence, passion, or power: with reflexive pronouns; as, to surrender one's self to grief, to despair, to indolence, or to sleep. Surrender (sér-ren'dér), v.i. To yield; to give up one's self into the power of another; as, the enemy, seeing no way of escape, surrendered at the first summons. This mighty Archimedes too surrenders now. Glanville. Surrender (sêr-ren'dêr), n. 1. The act of surrendering; the act of yielding or resigning one's person or the possession of something into the power of another; a yielding or giving up; as, the surrender of a castle to an enemy; the surrender of a right or of claims.-2. In insurance, the abandonment of an assurance policy by the party assured on receiving a portion of the premiums paid. The amount payable on surrender of a policy, called surrender value, depends on the number of years elapsed from the commencement of the risk.-3. In law, (a) the yielding up of an estate for life, or for years, to him that has the immediate estate in reversion or remainder, and is either in fact or in law. A surrender in fact must be made by deed, which is the allowable evidence. Surrender in law is one which may be implied, and generally has reference to estates or tenancies from year to year, &c. (b) The giving up of a principal into lawful custody by his bail. (c) The delivery up of fugitives from justice by a foreign state; extradition.-Surrender of copyholds, in law, the yielding up of the estate by the tenant into the lord's hands, for such purpose as is expressed in such surrender. It is the mode of conveying copyhold. Surrenderee (sér-ren'dêr-ē'), n. In law, a person to whom the lord grants surrendered land; the cestui que use; one to whom a surrender is made. Surrenderor (ser-ren'dèr-or), n. In law, the tenant who surrenders an estate into the hands of his lord; one who makes a surrender.. Surrendry + (sér-ren'dri), n. A surrender. 'An entire surrendry of ourselves to God.' Dr. H. More. Surreption (ser-rep'shon), n. [L. surreptio, surreptionis, from surripio, surreptum, to snatch or take away secretly-sub, under, secretly, and rapio, to snatch. In meaning 2 from L. surrepo, to creep or steal-sub, under, and repo, to creep.] 1. The act or process of getting in a surreptitious manner, or by stealth or craft. All the other editions are stolen and surreptitious. Pope. O ladies! how many of you have surreptitious milliners' bills? Thackeray. Surreptitiously (ser-rep-tish'us-li), adv. In a surreptitious manner; by stealth; in an underhand way; fraudulently. Surrogate (surrō-gát), n. [L. surrogatus, substituted, pp. of surrogo, surrogatum, to put in another's place-sub, under, and rogo, to ask.] 1. In a general sense, a deputy; a delegate; a substitute; a person appointed to act for another, particularly the deputy of an ecclesiastical judge, most commonly of a bishop or his chancellor.-2. In some of the American states, an officer who presides over the probate of wills and testaments, and the settlement of estates. Surrogate (sur'rō-gat), v. t. [See above.] To But cloud instead, and ever-during dark Milton. 3. To pass round; to travel about; to circumnavigate; as, to surround the globe. Sir W. Temple. SYN. To encompass, encircle, environ, inclose, invest, hem in, fence about. Surround (sér-round),n. A method of hunting some animals, such as buffaloes, by surrounding them and driving them over a precipice or into a deep ravine or other place from which they cannot escape. Surrounding (sér-round'ing), n. 1. An encompassing.-2. Something belonging to those things that surround or environ; an external or accompanying circumstance; one of the conditions environing one: generally in the plural; as, a dwelling and its surroundings. Did the sensitive, shy genius feel that in the production dated from each scene there would be some trace of what Yankees call the surroundings amid which it was produced. A. K. H. Boyd. [But the word is not specially an Americanism.] Surroy (sér'roi). See CLARENCEUX. Sur-royal (sér-roi′al), n. The crown antler of a stag. See ANTLER. Sursanure, n. [Fr. sur, and sain, L. sanus, sane, sound] A wound healed outwardly only. Chaucer. Surseance (sér-se'ans), n. [Fr. See SURCEASE] Subsidence; quiet. 'Peace, silence, and surseance.' Bacon. Sursolid (sér-sol ́id), n. [Prefix sur, and solid.] In math, a name given to the fifth power of a number; or the product of the fourth multiplication of a number considered as the root. Thus 3x3=9, the square of 3, and 9 × 3 = 27, the third power or cube, and 27 x 3 = 81, the fourth power, and 81x3=243, which is the sursolid of 3. Sursolid (sér-sol ́id), a. Of, pertaining to, or involving the fifth power.-Sursolid problem, in math. a problem which cannot be resolved but by curves of a higher kind than the conic sections. Surtax (sér taks), n. [Prefix sur, and tax.] A tax heightened for a particular purpose; an extra tax. Surtout (ser-tö'), n. [Fr. sur-tout, over all -sur-L super, over, and tout L. totus, whole.] 1. Originally, a man's coat to be worn over his other garments; but in modern usage, an upper coat with long wide SURVEYAL skirts; a frock-coat.-2. In her. an escutcheon placed upon the centre of a shield of arms; a shield of pretence. Surturbrand (sér tér-brand), n. [Icel sur tarbrandr-svartr, black, and brandr, a firebrand.] Fibrous brown coal or bituminous wood found in the north of Iceland. It has a great resemblance to the black oak found in bogs, is used for fuel, and is capable of being made into articles of furniture. Surveance,t n. [Fr.] Surveyance; superintendence. Chaucer. Surveillance (sér-väl'yans), n. [Fr. See below.] Watch; inspection; oversight; superintendence. That sort of surveillance of which, in all ages, the young have accused the old. Sir W. Scott. Surveillant (sér-val'yant), n. [Fr., from surveiller, to watch over, from L. super, over, and vigilare, to watch.] One who watches over; a spy; a supervisor or overseer. [Rare.] Surveillant (ser-väl'yant), a. Watching over another or others; overseeing; observant; watchful. [Rare.] Survenet (sér-ven'), v. t. [Fr. survenir-sur, and venir, to come.] To supervene; to come as an addition. A suppuration that survenes lethargies.' Harvey. The act of stepSurvenue (serve-nu), n. ping or coming in suddenly or unexpectedly. Nor did the fundamentals (of government) alter either by the diversity and mixture of people of several nations in the first entrance, nor from the Danes or Normans in their survenue. N. Bacon. Survey (sér-vă'), v.t. [O. Fr. surveer, surveeir, surveoir - sur, over, and veer, veeir, veoir, Mod. Fr. voir, L. videre, to see.] 1. To inspect or take a view of; to overlook; to view with attention, as from a high place; as, to stand on a hill and survey the surrounding country. Far as the breeze can bear, the billows foam, Survey our empire, and behold our home. Byron. 2. To view with a scrutinizing eye; to examine. With such alter'd looks, All pale and speechless, he survey'd me round. Dryden. 3. To examine with reference to condition, situation, and value; to inspect carefully with a view to discover the real state of; as, to survey a building to determine its value, &c. 1 am come to survey the tower this day. Shak. 4. To determine the boundaries, form, extent, position, &c., of, as of any portion of the earth's surface by means of linear and angular measurements, and the application of the principles of geometry and trigonometry; to determine the form, dimensions, &c., of tracts of ground, coasts, harbours, &c. so as to be able to delineate their several dimensions, positions, &c., on paper. See SURVEYING. 5. To examine and ascertain, as the boundaries and royalties of a manor, the tenure of the tenants, and the rent and value of the same.-6. To see; to perceive. The Norwegian lord surveying vantage, With furbish'd arms and new supplies of men Began a fresh assault. Shak. Survey (ser và or sêr-va', the latter the original pronunciation), n. 1. A general view; a sight; a prospect; as, he took a survey of the whole landscape. 'Time, that takes survey of all the world.' Shak. Under his proud survey the city lies. Sir F. Denham. 2. A particular view; an examination or inspection of all the parts or particulars of a thing, with a design to ascertain the condition, quantity, or quality; as, a survey of the stores, provisions, or munitions of a ship; a survey of roads and bridges; a survey of buildings intended to ascertain their condition, value, and exposure to fire. O that you could turn your eyes toward the napes of your necks, and make but an interior survey of your good selves. Shak. 3. The operation of finding the contour, dimensions, position, or other particulars of any part of the earth's surface, tract of country, coast, harbour, &c., and representing the same on paper; also, the measured plan, account, or exposition of such an operation. See SURVEYING, and Ordnance Survey under ORDNANCE.-4. A district for the collection of the customs, under the inspection and authority of a particular officer. [United States.]- Trigonometrical survey. See under TRIGONOMETRICAL-SYN. Review, examination, inspection, retrospect, prospect. Surveyal, Surveyance † (sér-vă ́al, sèr-vă’ans), n. Survey; a viewing. |