Compare the farming scenes in other parts of this book with those of our own, page 51.

Some farmers keep many cows, from whose milk butter and cheese are made. This is called a Dairy. The occupation is Dairying.

harvest grass, grain, corn, sugar-cane, tobacco; separate the kernel of grain from the chaff and straw; dig the potatoes, pull the roots, which we call vegetables, and gather the fruits. We store these products in different ways. The hay and straw are either stored in barns or stacked; the grains are stored in graneries; the vegetables are stored in cellars, or buried in the ground below freezing.

How are the salable articles prepared for market? Find out about what they bring in the market.

Butter, milk, and cheese are sold. About How are they sold?

how much are they worth? What are other cattle products? (See page 37.)

In some localities large droves of cattle are raised for their cattle products.

Many of these cattle are taken to large cities, where there are slaughter and packing houses. Here they are converted into beef and other

products, and packed for the markets of the world. The hides are sent to a tannery to be made into leather. This leather is made into boots and shoes.

On the next page are pictures of the inside of a shoe-shop in one of the largest shoe-manufacturing cities in the world. Find it.

Sheep-raising is also largely carried on by farmers in some localities. Some kinds of sheep are raised especially for their wool, other kinds for their meat.

When the warm days of spring come the sheep

are too warm, with their heavy winter clothing. The men who care for them shear off their heavy fleeces. The wool is then sold by the pound, to be sent to the factories to be cleansed, dyed, and spun into yarn. This yarn is of many different quali ties. The yarn is then woven into all kinds of woolen materials.

What is the meat of a sheep called? What is its value per pound?

Many farmers of

the United States and Europe are engaged in sheep-raising, but Australia is especially noted for this industry. Describe

the scenes on page

56.

Some farmers are engaged in bee-keeping, that they may have honey for the market.

or exchange them for such articles as they do not raise. These farm products are sold in the markets of the village or city, or they are shipped by cars or steamers to other cities or sections of country. All of these villages and cities are trade-centers.

About how much is honey worth per pound? If you know anything of honey-bees, tell us about them and their work. Tell how the honey is gathered. In some sections the producing of maple sugar for use and for market largely engages the farmer for a short time in the spring. (See page 31.) Cane and beet sugar are produced in other sections. Most farmers raise more of every product than can be used on the farm. They send or carry the products which they do not need to the nearest village or city. Here they sell them for money,

The farmers in temperate countries once did nearly all, of the farm-work with their hands, using only the simplest implements. Now

those of our country use all kinds of agricultural machines and implements, which make their work much easier than formerly.

The farmers of Asia, Africa, and the greater portions of Europe and of South America do not use much machinery. They still work their farms in a primitive

manner.

Make a list of all the products of a farm; of what the farmer may have for sale; of what he must buy. Make a list of agricultural machines and implements.

Visit some farm. Tell how you went, and what you saw from the time you left home until you returned. Perhaps your school or class can take

an excursion to some farm.