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States mentioned in section 208 of this title shall discharge, or promote, or degrade, or in any manner change the official rank or compensation of any other officer or employee, or promise or threaten so to do, for giving or withholding or neglecting to make any contribution of money or other valuable thing for any political purpose. (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 120, 35 Stat. 1110.)

DERIVATION

Act Jan. 16, 1883, ch. 27, § 13, 22 Stat. 407, which was repealed by act Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 341, 35 Stat. 1153.

§ 211. (Criminal Code, section 121.) Same; making to officials. No officer, clerk, or other person in the service of the United States shall, directly or indirectly, give or hand over to any other officer, clerk, or person in the service of the United States, or to any Senator or Member of or Delegate to Congress, or Resident Commissioner, any money or other valuable thing on account of or to be applied to the promotion of any political object whatever. (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 121, 35 Stat. 1110.)

DERIVATION

Act Jan. 16, 1883, ch. 27, § 14, 22 Stat. 407, which was repealed by act Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 341, 35 Stat. 1153.

§ 212. (Criminal Code, section 122.) Same; punishment.— Whoever shall violate any provision of sections 208-211 of this title shall be fined not more than $5,000, or imprisoned not more than three years, or both. (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 122, 35 Stat. 1110.)

DERIVATION

Act Jan. 16, ch. 27, § 15, 22 Stat. 407, which was repealed by act Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 341, 35 Stat. 1153.

§ 213. Same; removal from office.-Any executive officer or employee of the United States not appointed by the President, with the advice and consent of the Senate, who shall request, give to, or receive from, any other officer or employee of the Government any money or property or other thing of value for political purposes shall be at once discharged from the service of the United States. (Aug. 15, 1876, ch. 287, § 6, 19 Stat. 169.)

CROSS REFERENCE

Employees to be removed from classified civil service only for cause, see section 652 of Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees.

§ 214. (Criminal Code, section 123.) Officials giving advance information of crop reports. Whoever, being an officer or employee of the United States or a person acting for or on behalf of the United States in any capacity. under or by virtue of the authority of any department or office thereof, and while holding such office, employment, or position shall, by virtue of the office, employment, or position held by him, become possessed of any information which might exert an influence upon or affect the market value of any product of the soil grown within the United States, which information is by law or by the rules of the department or office required to be withheld from publication until a fixed

time, and shall willfully impart, directly or indirectly, such information, or any part thereof, to any person not entitled under the law or the rules of the department or office to receive the same; or shall, before such information is made public through regular official channels, directly or indirectly speculate in any such product respecting which he has thus become possessed of such information, by buying or selling the same in any quantity, shall be fined not more than $10,000, or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both. No person shall be deemed guilty of a violation of any such rule, unless prior to such alleged violation he shall have had actual knowledge thereof. (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 123. 35 Stat. 1110.)

§ 215. (Criminal Code, section 124.) Official knowingly issuing false crop reports.-Whoever being an officer or employee of the United States and whose duties require the compilation or report of statistics or information relative to the products of the soil, shall knowingly compile for issuance, or issue, any false statistics or information as a report of the United States, shall be fined not more than $5,000, or imprisoned not more than five years, or both. (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 124, 35 Stat. 1111.)

OFFENSES AGAINST PUBLIC JUSTICE

§ 231. (Criminal Code, section 125.) Perjury. Whoever, having taken an oath before a competent tribunal, officer, or person, in any case in which a law of the United States authorizes an oath to be administered, that he will testify, declare, depose, cr certify truly, or that any written testimony, declaration, deposition, or certificate by him subscribed, is true, shall willfully and contrary to such oath state or subscribe any material matter which he does not believe to be true, is guilty of perjury, and shall be fined not more than $2,000 and imprisoned not more than five years. (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 125, 35 Stat. 1111.)

DERIVATION

R. S. § 5392, which was revised from acts Apr. 3, 1790, ch. 9, 1 Stat. 116; Mar. 3, 1825, ch. 65, 4 Stat. 118 and repealed by act Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 341, 35 Stat. 1153.

§ 232. (Criminal Code, section 126.) Subornation of perjury.— Whoever shall procure another to commit any perjury is guilty of subornation of perjury, and punishable as in section 231 of this title prescribed. (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 126, 38 Stat. 1111.)

DERIVATION

R. S. § 5393, which was revised from acts Apr. 30, 1790, ch. 9, 1 Stat. 116; Mar. 3, 1825, ch. 65, 4 Stat. 118 and repealed by act Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 341, 35 Stat. 1153.

§ 234. (Criminal Code, section 128.) Destroying public records. Whoever shall willfully and unlawfully conceal, remove, mutilate, obliterate, or destroy, or attempt to conceal, remove, mutilate, obliterate, or destroy, or, with intent to conceal, remove, mutilate, obliterate, destroy, or steal, shall take and carry away any record, proceeding, map, book, paper, document or other thing, filed or deposited with any clerk or officer of any court of the

United States, or in any public office, or with any judicial or public officer of the United States, shall be fined not more than $2,000, or imprisoned not more than three years, or both. (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 128, 35 Stat. 1111.)

DERIVATION

R. S. § 5403, which was revised from act Feb. 26, 1853, ch. 81, 10 Stat. 170 and repealed by act Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 341, 35 Stat. 1153.

§ 235. (Criminal Code, section 129.) Destroying records by officer in charge. Whoever, having the custody of any record, proceeding, map, book, document, paper, or other thing specified in section 234 of this title, shall willfully and unlawfully conceal, remove, mutilate, obliterate, falsify, or destroy any such record, proceeding, map, book, document, paper, or thing, shall be fined not more than $2,000, or imprisoned not more than three years, or both; and shall moreover forfeit his office and be forever afterward disqualified from holding any office under the Government of the United States. (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 129, 35 Stat. 1112.)

DERIVATION

R. S. § 5408, which was revised from act Feb. 26, 1853, ch. 81, 10 Stat. 170 and repealed by act Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 341, 35 Stat. 1153.

§ 237. (Criminal Code, section 131.) Bribery of judicial of ficer. Whoever, directly or indirectly, shall give or offer, or cause to be given or offered, any money, property, or value of any kind, or any promise or agreement therefor, or any other bribe to any judge, judicial officer, or other person authorized by any law of the United States to hear or determine any question, matter, cause, proceeding, or controversy, with intent to influence his action, vote, opinion, or decision thereon, or because of any such action, vote, opinion, or decision, shall be fined not more than $20,000, or imprisoned not more than fifteen years, or both; and shall forever be disqualified to hold any office of honor, trust, or profit under the United States. (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 131, 35 Stat. 1112.)

DERIVATION

R. S. § 5449, which was revised from act Apr. 30, 1790, ch. 9, 1 Stat. 117 and repealed by act Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 341, 35 Stat. 1153.

§ 239. (Criminal Code, section 133.) Same; juror or referee.Whoever, being a juror, referee, arbitrator, appraiser, assessor, auditor, master, receiver, United States commissioner, or other person authorized by any law of the United States to hear or determine any question, matter, cause, controversy, or proceeding, shall ask, receive, or agree to receive, any money, property, or value of any kind, or any promise or agreement therefor, upon any agreement or understanding that his vote, opinion, action, judgment, or decision shall be influenced thereby, or because of any such vote, opinion, action, judgment, or decision, shall be fined not more than $2,000, or imprisoned not more than two years, or both. (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, 133, 35 Stat. 1112.)

§ 240. (Criminal Code, section 134.) Same; witness.-Whoever, being, or about to be, a witness upon a trial, hearing, or

other proceeding, before any court or any officer authorized by the laws of the United States to hear evidence or take testimony, shall receive, or agree or offer to receive, a bribe, upon any agreement or understanding that his testimony shall be influenced thereby, or that he will absent himself from the trial, hearing, or other proceeding, or because of such testimony, or such absence, shall be fined not more than $2,000, or imprisoned not more than two years, or both. (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 134, 35 Stat. 1113.)

§ 241a. (Criminal Code, section 135a.) Protection of witnesses appearing before agencies of United States.-Whoever corruptly, or by threats or force, or by any threatening letter or communication, shall endeavor to influence, intimidate, or impede any witness in any proceeding pending before any department, independent establishment, board, commission, or other agency of the United States, or in connection with any inquiry or investigation being had by either House, or any committee of either House, or any joint committee of the Congress of the United States, or who corruptly or by threats or force, or by any threatening letter or communication shall influence, obstruct, or impede, or endeavor to influence, obstruct, or impede the due and proper administration of the law under which such proceeding is being had before such department, independent establishment, board, commission, or other agency of the United States, or the due and proper exercise of the power of inquiry under which such inquiry or investigation is being had by either House, or any committee of either House or any joint committee of the Congress of the United States shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or both. (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 135a, as added Jan. 13, 1940, ch. 1, 54 Stat. 13.)

§ 251. (Criminal Code, section 146.) Misprision of felony.— Whoever, having knowledge of the actual commission of the crime of murder or other felony cognizable by the courts of the United States, conceals and does not as soon as may be disclose and make known the same to some one of the judges or other persons in civil or military authority under the United States, shall be fined not more than $500, or imprisoned not more than three years, or both. (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 146, 35 Stat. 1114.)

DERIVATION

R. S. § 5390, which was revised from act Apr. 30, 1790, ch. 9, 1 Stat. 113 and repealed by act Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 341, 35 Stat. 1153.

§ 253. Killing Federal officer; penalty.-Whoever shall kill, as defined in sections 452 and 453 of this title, any United States marshal or deputy United States marshal or person employed to assist a United States marshal or deputy United States marshal, any officer or employee of the Federal Bureau of Investigation of the Department of Justice, post-office inspector, Secret Service operative, any officer or enlisted man of the Coast Guard, any employee of any United States penal or correctional institution, any officer, employee, agent, or other person in the service of the customs or of the internal revenue, any immigrant inspector or

any immigration patrol inspector, any officer or employee of the Department of Agriculture or of the Department of the Interior designated by the Secretary of Agriculture or the Secretary of the Interior to enforce any Act of Congress for the protection, preservation, or restoration of game and other wild birds and animals, any officer or employee of the National Park Service, any officer or employee of, or assigned to duty in, the field service of the Division of Grazing of the Department of the Interior, or any officer or employee of the Indian field service of the United States, while engaged in the performance of his official duties, or on account of the performance of his official duties, shall be punished as provided under section 454 of this title. (May 18, 1934, ch. 299, § 1, 48 Stat. 780; Feb. 8, 1936, ch. 40, 49 Stat. 1105; June 26, 1936, ch. 830, title I, § 3, 49 Stat. 1940; Reorg. Plan No. II, § 4 (f), eff. July 1, 1939, 4 Fed. Reg. 2731, 53 Stat. 1433; June 13, 1940, ch. 359, 54 Stat. 391.)

AMENDMENT

Act June 13, 1940, cited to text, expanded section to include persons employed to assist a United States marshal or deputy marshal and officers and employees of Department of Interior designated by the Secretary of Interior to enforce any act of Congress for conservation of wildlife.

§ 254. Resisting, interfering with, or assaulting Federal officer; penalty.-Whoever shall forcibly resist, oppose, impede, intimidate, or interfere with any person designated in section 253 of this title while engaged in the performance of his official duties, or shall assault him on account of the performance of his official duties, shall be fined not more than $5,000, or imprisoned not more than three years, or both; and whoever, in the commission of any of the acts described in this section, shall use a deadly or dangerous weapon shall be fined not more than $10,000, or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both. (May 18, 1934, ch. 299, § 2, 48 Stat. 781.)

OFFENSES AGAINST POSTAL SERVICE

§ 320. (Criminal Code, section 197.) Assaulting mail or money custodian; robbery; wounding custodian.-Whoever shall assault any person having lawful charge, control, or custody of any mail matter or of any money or other property of the United States, with intent to rob, steal, or purloin such mail matter, money, or other property of the United States, or any part thereof, or shall rob any such person of such mail matter, or of any money, or other property of the United States, or any part thereof, shall, for the first offense, be imprisoned not more than ten years; and if in effecting or attempting to effect such robbery he shall wound the person having custody of such mail, money, or other property of the United States, or put his life in jeopardy by the use of a dangerous weapon, or for a subsequent offense, shall be imprisoned twenty-five years. (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 197, 35 Stat. 1126; Aug. 26, 1935, ch. 694, 49 Stat. 867.)

DERIVATION

R. S. §§ 5472, 5473, which were revised from act June 8, 1872, ch. 335, 17 Stat. 320, and repealed by act Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 341, 35 Stat. 1153.

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